loven

See also: Loven, löven, løven, and Løven

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈlovɛn]

Participle

loven

1. masculine singular passive participle of lovit

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɔːˀvən/, [ˈlɔˀʋn̩], [ˈlɔwˀn̩], [ˈlɒwˀn̩]

Noun

loven

1. definite singular of lov

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈloː.və(n)/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: lo‧ven
• Rhymes: -oːvən
• Homophone: Loven

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch loven, from Old Dutch lovon (“to praise, to sing psalms”), from Proto-West Germanic *lobōn, from Proto-Germanic *lubōną.

Verb

loven

1. (transitive) to praise

Inflection

Conjugation of loven (weak)
infinitive	loven
past singular	loofde
past participle	geloofd
infinitive	loven
gerund	loven n
	present tense	past tense
1st person singular	loof	loofde
2nd person sing. (jij)	looft, loof2	loofde
2nd person sing. (u)	looft	loofde
2nd person sing. (gij)	looft	loofde
3rd person singular	looft	loofde
plural	loven	loofden
subjunctive sing.1	love	loofde
subjunctive plur.1	loven	loofden
imperative sing.	loof
imperative plur.1	looft
participles	lovend	geloofd
1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion.

Derived terms

• beloven
• geloven
• verloven

Related terms

• lof

Descendants

• Negerhollands: loov

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

loven

1. plural of loof

Finnish

Noun

loven

1. genitive singular of lovi

Anagrams

• levon, velon

Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch lovon (“to praise”).

Verb

lōven

1. to praise

Inflection

Weak
Infinitive	lōven
3rd sg. past	—
3rd pl. past	—
Past participle	—
Infinitive	lōven
In genitive	lōvens
In dative	lōvene
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	lōve	—
2nd singular	lōofs, lōves	—
3rd singular	lōoft, lōvet	—
1st plural	lōven	—
2nd plural	lōoft, lōvet	—
3rd plural	lōven	—
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	lōve	—
2nd singular	lōofs, lōves	—
3rd singular	lōve	—
1st plural	lōven	—
2nd plural	lōoft, lōvet	—
3rd plural	lōven	—
Imperative	Present
Singular	lōof, lōve
Plural	lōoft, lōvet
	Present	Past
Participle	lōvende	—

Descendants

• Dutch: loven

Middle English

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old English lufian, from Proto-West Germanic *lubōn; equivalent to love (“love”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

Alternative forms

• lofe, love, lovye, lovyen, lowen, lufe, lufen, luffe, luve
• loviȝe, lovin, lufian, lufiæn, lufiȝe, lufiȝen, luvan, luven, luvie, luvien, luviȝe, luviȝen, luvyen (Early Middle English)
• lufenn (Ormulum)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈluvən/, /ˈloːvən/

Verb

loven (third-person singular simple present loveth, present participle lovende, lovynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle loved)

1. To love; to have affection (for someone or something):
   • c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.)‎^[1], published c. 1410, Joon 3:16, page 44v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:

     ffoꝛ god lovyde ſo þe woꝛld .· þat he ȝaf his oon bigeten ſone / þat ech man þ[at] bileueþ in h[im] periſſhe not .· but haue euerlaſtynge lijf

     Because God loved the world so much, he gave his own begotten son, so anyone that believes in him won't perish, but has everlasting life.

   1. To have a strong preference or liking (for something).
   2. To obey or follow a deity.
   3. To be faithful to a ruler or superior.
   4. To feel romantic or sexual love (towards someone).
2. To derive enjoyment or pleasure (from something).
3. To want or crave; to have a wish for.
4. (euphemistic) To make love; to have sexual intercourse with.
5. (rare) To function well; to flourish.

Conjugation

Conjugation of loven (weak in -ed)

infinitive	(to) loven, love
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	love	loved
2nd-person singular	lovest	lovedest
3rd-person singular	loveth	loved
subjunctive singular	love
imperative singular		—
plural1	loven, love	loveden, lovede
imperative plural	loveth, love	—
participles	lovynge, lovende	loved, yloved

¹Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

• English: love
• Scots: luve

References

• “lǒven, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

Inherited from Old English lofian, from Proto-West Germanic *lobōn, from Proto-Germanic *lubōną; equivalent to lof (“praise”) +‎ -en (infinitival suffix).

Alternative forms

• love, lovon, lowe
• lovien, luve, luvie, luvien (Early Middle English)
• lofenn (Ormulum)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlɔːvən/, /ˈlɒːvən/, /ˈlɔvən/
• (influenced by Etymology 1) IPA^(key): /ˈluvən/, /ˈloːvən/

Verb

loven (third-person singular simple present loveth, present participle lovende, lovynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle loved)

1. To praise, glorify; to give praise to:
   1. To reverence or worship a deity.
   2. To assent to or approve of; to deem acceptable.
2. To valuate; to make an appraisal or valuation.

Conjugation

Conjugation of loven (weak in -ed)

infinitive	(to) loven, love
	present tense	past tense
1st-person singular	love	loved
2nd-person singular	lovest	lovedest
3rd-person singular	loveth	loved
subjunctive singular	love
imperative singular		—
plural1	loven, love	loveden, lovede
imperative plural	loveth, love	—
participles	lovynge, lovende	loved, yloved

¹Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.

Descendants

• English: lofe, loff, loave, love
• Middle Scots: love
  • Scots: loave

References

• “lǒven, v.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

loven m sg

1. definite masculine singular of lov

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• lova f sg

Noun

loven m sg

1. definite masculine singular of lov

Swedish

Noun

loven

1. definite singular of lov (“round”)
2. definite plural of lov (“holiday”)
3. definite singular of love (“wrist”)