ucierać
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Polish ucirać. By surface analysis, utrzeć + -ać. Compare Czech utírat, Kashubian ùcerac, and Russian утира́ть (utirátʹ).
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /uˈt͡ɕɛ.rat͡ɕ/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /uˈt͡ɕɛ.rat͡ɕ/, /uˈt͡ɕe.rat͡ɕ/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɛrat͡ɕ
- Syllabification: u‧cie‧rać
Verb edit
ucierać impf (perfective utrzeć)
- (transitive) to grate apart, to shred apart (to break up by grating on a grater) [+ na (locative) = on what]
- (transitive) to crack; to cream; to whip (to crush or mix together by rubbing against the edges of the dish) [+ z (instrumental) = with what], [+ na (accusative) = into what]
- (transitive, archaic) to wipe off (to remove dirt, moisture, etc. from something by rubbing it with a rag or handkerchief)
- (transitive, obsolete) to rub even (to smooth out by rubbing)
- (transitive, obsolete) to lay out; to discuss
- (reflexive with się) to spread; to popularize (to be practiced, be accepted and be widely used by the public) [+infinitive = what verb]
- (reflexive with się) to be grated apart, to be shreded apart
Verb edit
ucierać impf
Conjugation edit
Derived terms edit
verbs
- ucierać nosa impf, utrzeć nosa pf
Further reading edit
- ucierać in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- ucierać in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “ucierać”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- Wiesław Morawski (26.06.2009) “UCIERAĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ucierać”, in Słownik języka polskiego[1]
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ucierać”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[2]
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “ucierać”, in Słownik języka polskiego[3] (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 218