丑
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Translingual edit
Stroke order | |||
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Han character edit
丑 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+3, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓土 (NG), four-corner 17105, composition ⿴ユ十 or ⿻彐丨)
Traditional | 丑 |
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Simplified | 丑 |
Japanese | 丑 |
Korean | 丑 |
Usage notes edit
In Mainland China's Modern Chinese General Chinese Characters Stroke Order Standard (现代汉语通用字笔顺规范) and Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian (《现代汉语规范词典》), the third stroke touches the first stroke (相接 (xiāngjiē)) but does not cross over it. In the Taiwan, Japan and Hong Kong standards, the third stroke crosses over the first stroke (相交 (xiāngjiāo)).
Derived characters edit
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 77, character 4
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23
- Dae Jaweon: page 154, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 12, character 7
- Unihan data for U+4E11
Chinese edit
Glyph origin edit
Historical forms of the character 丑 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Pictogram (象形) – a hand.
Etymology 1 edit
trad. | 丑 | |
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simp. # | 丑 | |
alternative forms | 丒 㗺 𠃠 |
Smith (2010) proposes that 丑 graphically depicts the claw-like "final, narrow phase of the moon"; he glosses it as "thing that pinches > pincer" and groups it into a word-family which is based on 扭 (OC *nuʔ, *tnuʔ, “twist, pinch”) and also includes
- 手 (OC *hnjɯwʔ, “hand”);
- 杻 (OC *nuʔ, *n̥ʰuʔ) ~ 杽 (OC *n̥ʰɯwʔ, “manacle”), which equally uses 丑 (OC *n̥ʰuʔ) or 手 (OC *hnjɯwʔ) as phonophoric, as noted by Unger (1995) and Sagart (1999);
- 紐 (OC *nuʔ) ~ 鈕 (OC *nuʔ, “grip handle”), with which Shuowen glosses 丑 (OC *n̥ʰuʔ);
- 狃 (OC *nuʔ, *nus, “animal tracks”), suggested to mean "animals' fingers" by Sagart (1999).
Its association with the ox is from Austroasiatic (Mei, 1980; Norman, 1985; Ferlus, 2013); compare Proto-Vietic *c-luː (“water buffalo”), Proto-Mon-Khmer *krpiʔ ~ *krpiiw ~ *krpuʔ ~ *(kr)puh (“buffalo”), Proto-Austroasiatic *k.r.pu.y (“buffalo”).
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
丑
Coordinate terms edit
- (Chinese earthly branches) 地支 (dìzhī); 子, 丑 (chǒu), 寅 (yín), 卯 (mǎo), 辰 (chén), 巳 (sì), 午 (wǔ), 未 (wèi), 申 (shēn), 酉 (yǒu), 戌, 亥 (hài) (Category: zh:Chinese earthly branches)
Compounds edit
Etymology 2 edit
trad. | 丑 | |
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simp. # | 丑 |
- 以墨粉塗面,其形甚醜。今省文為丑。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: 1559, 徐渭 [Xu Wei], 《南詞敘錄》 [An Account of Southern Drama]
- Yǐ mòfěn tú miàn, qí xíng shèn chǒu. Jīn xǐngwén wèi chǒu. [Pinyin]
- His face is smeared with powdered ink, and his appearance is very 醜 (ugly). It is now graphically simplified to 丑.
以墨粉涂面,其形甚醜。今省文为丑。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
丑
Compounds edit
Etymology 3 edit
For pronunciation and definitions of 丑 – see 醜 (“ugly; homely; hideous; shameful; disgraceful; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 醜). |
Notes:
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Japanese edit
Kanji edit
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
Readings edit
- Go-on: ちゅ (chu)←ちゆ (tyu, historical)
- Kan-on: ちゅう (chū)←ちう (tiu, historical)
- On: しゅ (shu)←しゆ (syu, historical); しゅう (shū)←しう (siu, historical)
- Kun: うし (ushi, 丑)
- Nanori: ひろ (hiro)
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term |
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丑 |
うし Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
From 牛 (ushi, “bull; cow; ox”).
Pronunciation edit
Proper noun edit
- the Ox, the second of the twelve Earthly Branches
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term |
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丑 |
ちゅう Jinmeiyō |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 丑 (trhjuwX).
Proper noun edit
- the Ox, the second of the twelve Earthly Branches
Korean edit
Etymology 1 edit
From a corrupted or unorthodox reading. The original reading is 추 (chu) based on Middle Chinese 丑 (MC trhjuwX).
Pronunciation edit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰuk̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [축]
Hanja edit
丑 (eumhun 소 축 (so chuk))
丑 (eumhun 둘째 지지 축 (duljjae jiji chuk))
Compounds edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Chinese 丑 (MC trhjuwX). Recorded as Middle Korean 튜ᇢ〯 (Yale: thyǔw) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Pronunciation edit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰu]
- Phonetic hangul: [추]
Hanja edit
丑 (eumhun 사람 이름 추 (saram ireum chu))
- Used in personal names.
References edit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
丑: Hán Nôm readings: sửu, giấu, sấu, xấu, trửu, trẩu, chẩu, chửu
- chữ Hán form of Sửu (“second of the twelve earthly branches”).