扭

扭	U+626D, 扭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-626D

Translingual edit

Han character edit

扭 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 手弓土 (QNG), four-corner 5701₅, composition ⿰扌丑)

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 418, character 16
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11826
Dae Jaweon: page 765, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1845, character 3
Unihan data for U+626D

Chinese edit

trad.		扭
simp. ^#		扭

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (丑) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
峱	*nuː
紐	*nuʔ
扭	nuʔ, tnuʔ
狃	nuʔ, nus
鈕	*nuʔ
忸	nuʔ, nuɡ
杻	nuʔ, n̥ʰuʔ
莥	*nuʔ
羞	*snu
丑	*n̥ʰuʔ
沑	njuʔ, nuɡ
粈	*njuʔ
衄	nuɡ, njuɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *nuʔ, *tnuʔ) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 丑 (OC *n̥ʰuʔ).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): niǔ (niu³)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄡˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): nau², nau⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngiú / neú
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): liú / niú / ngiú / láu

(Teochew, Peng'im): niu² / nao⁶
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ¹gnieu

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: niǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄡˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: niǒu
  - Wade–Giles: niu³
  - Yale: nyǒu
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: neou
  - Palladius: ню (nju)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: nau², nau⁵
  - Yale: náu, náuh
  - Cantonese Pinyin: nau², nau⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: neo², neo⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /nɐu̯³⁵/, /nɐu̯¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngiú / neú
  - Hakka Romanization System: ngiu` / neu`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: ngiu³ / neu³
  - Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯u³¹/, /neu̯³¹/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: liú
  - Tâi-lô: liú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: liuo
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /liu⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /liu⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /liu⁵⁵⁴/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: niú
  - Tâi-lô: niú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: niuo
  - IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /niũ⁵³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /niũ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /niũ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ngiú
  - Tâi-lô: ngiú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ngiuo
  - IPA (Taipei): /ŋiũ⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /ŋiũ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: láu
  - Tâi-lô: láu
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lao
  - IPA (Taipei): /lau⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lau⁴¹/

Note: láu - 磱 is used in the Mainland.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: niu² / nao⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: niú / nău
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /niu⁵²/, /nau³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ¹gnieu
  - MiniDict: nyeu^平
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹'nyieu
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /n̠ʲiɤ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: nrjuwX, trjuwX

Rime
Character	扭	扭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	娘 (12)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	尤 (136)	尤 (136)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	女久切	陟柳切
Baxter	nrjuwX	trjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɳɨu^X/	/ʈɨu^X/
Pan Wuyun	/ɳiu^X/	/ʈiu^X/
Shao Rongfen	/niəu^X/	/ȶiəu^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɳuw^X/	/ʈuw^X/
Li Rong	/niu^X/	/ȶiu^X/
Wang Li	/nĭəu^X/	/ȶĭəu^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/ni̯ə̯u^X/	/ȶi̯ə̯u^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	niǔ	zhǒu
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nau⁵	zau²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*nuʔ/, /*tnuʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	扭	扭
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1518	1525
Phonetic component	丑	丑
Rime group	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	狃	肘
Old Chinese	/*nuʔ/	/*tnuʔ/

Definitions edit

扭

to turn around
- 楊志聽得弓弦響，扭回身，就鞍上把那枝箭只一綽，綽在手裡。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
  杨志听得弓弦响，扭回身，就鞍上把那枝箭只一绰，绰在手里。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]
  From: Shi Nai'an, Water Margin, circa 14^th century CE
  Yáng Zhì tīng de gōngxián xiǎng, niǔ huí shēn, jiù ān shàng bǎ nà zhī jiàn zhǐ yī chāo, chāo zài shǒu lǐ. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
to twist; to wrench
瓶蓋扭不開／瓶盖扭不开 ― pínggài niǔ bù kāi ― unable to open a bottle cap

扭乾啲條毛巾啦 [Cantonese, trad.]
扭干啲条毛巾啦 [Cantonese, simp.]
nau² gon¹ di¹ tiu⁴ mou⁴ gan¹ laa¹ [Jyutping]
wring the towel drier
to sprain
把腳踝扭傷了／把脚踝扭伤了 ― bǎ jiǎohuái niǔ shāng le ― to have sprained my angle

扭嚫條腰／扭𰈍条腰 [Cantonese] ― nau² can¹ tiu⁴ jiu¹ [Jyutping] ― sprained my back
to swing (one's body)
扭屁股 ― niǔ pìgǔ ― to shake one's butt

一扭一扭地走路 ― yī niǔ yī niǔ de zǒulù ― to walk with a rolling gait
to seize; to grapple with
crooked; not straight

Synonyms edit

(to twist) 擰／拧 (nǐng)

Compounds edit

References edit

“扭”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

扭

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings edit

On (unclassified): じゅう (jū); にゅ (nyu); ちゅう (chū); ちゅ (chu)
Kun: ねじまわす (nejimawasu)

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

扭: Hán Nôm readings: nữu, níu, nửu

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