肖

肖 U+8096, 肖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8096 ← 肕 [U+8095] CJK Unified Ideographs 肗 → [U+8097]

Translingual

Han character

Stroke order

肖 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 火月 (FB), four-corner 9022₇, composition ⿱⺌月(GHJ) or ⿱⺌⺼(T) or ⿱小月(K))

Derived characters

• 俏 哨 娋 峭 帩 弰 悄 捎 旓 梢 消 焇 琑 睄 矟 硝 稍 䇌 綃(绡) 䏴 艄 蛸 䘯 誚(诮) 踃 輎 銷(销) 陗 䨭 鞘 韒 鮹(𱇯) 䴛 趙(赵) 逍 颵 魈 削 㲖 痟 㲵 宵 筲 莦 霄 髾 屑 𡌔 𡯩 𢓮 𣆺 𤙜 𤞚 𤫾 𥙬 𥹶 𦓴 𧣪 𧳍 𧶈 𨡀 𩛱 𩡈 𩩓 𪌯 𪑊 𪘞 𣭱 𢼼 𤿨 𦐺 𨛍 𩠦 𪁎 𢈭 𦚍 𡜽 𬳘 𮆂 𮝥

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 973, character 25
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29263
• Dae Jaweon: page 1425, character 20
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2045, character 6
• Unihan data for U+8096

Chinese

trad.		肖
simp. #		肖
alternative forms		宵 “to resemble”

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 肖
Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (肖) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
梢	*sreːw
捎	*sreːw, *sew
筲	*sreːw
鞘	*sreːw, *slewɢs
艄	*sreːw
蛸	*sreːw, *sew
髾	*sreːw
輎	*sreːw
旓	*sreːw
弰	*sreːw
鮹	*sreːw, *sew
綃	*sreːw, *sew
颵	*sreːw
莦	*sreːw, *sew
娋	*sreːw, *sreːws
稍	*sreːws
哨	*sreːws, *sʰews, *sew
揱	*sreːwɢs, *slew, *sreːwɢ
潲	*sreːws
睄	*sreːws
悄	*sʰewʔ
俏	*sʰews
峭	*sʰews
陗	*sʰews
帩	*sʰews
誚	*zews
消	*sew
宵	*sew
霄	*sew
硝	*sew
銷	*sew
逍	*sew
魈	*sew
痟	*slew
焇	*sew
肖	*slew, *slews
韒	*slewɢs
趙	*l'ewʔ
箾	*seːw, *sleːw
踃	*seːw
削	*slewɢ
矟	*sreːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *slew, *slews) : phonetic 小 (OC *smewʔ) + semantic 肉 (“meat”).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiào (xiao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ciu³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): seu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xiau⁴

• Eastern Min (BUC): sáiu / siéu
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): siàu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siao⁶ / siou⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiào
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siào
    • Wade–Giles: hsiao⁴
    • Yale: syàu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiaw
    • Palladius: сяо (sjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ciu³
    • Yale: chiu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsiu³
    • Guangdong Romanization: qiu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːu̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: seu
    • Hakka Romanization System: seu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: seu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /seu̯⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xiau⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /siau⁵³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sáiu / siéu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɑu²¹³/, /siɛu²¹³/

Note: sáiu - zodiac animal.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siàu
    • Tâi-lô: siàu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siaux
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siau²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siau⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siau¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau²¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siao⁶ / siou⁶
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siău / siŏu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siau³⁵/, /siou³⁵/

Note:

• siao6 - Shantou;
• siou6 - Chaozhou.

---

• Middle Chinese: sjewH

Rime
Character	肖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	宵 (91)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	私妙切
Baxter	sjewH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siᴇuH/
Pan Wuyun	/siɛuH/
Shao Rongfen	/sjæuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/siawH/
Li Rong	/siɛuH/
Wang Li	/sĭɛuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯ɛuH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	siu3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ew-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*slews/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	肖
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiào
Middle Chinese	‹ sjewH ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ew-s/
English	resemble
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	肖
Reading #	2/2
No.	13755
Phonetic component	肖
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	𥬇
Old Chinese	/*slews/
Notes	從肉小會消瘠意， 小非聲，與後起從肉肖聲翟聲字同源

Definitions

肖

1. to resemble

   不肖  ―  bùxiào  ―  unworthy (literally, “to not resemble (one's parents)”)

2. to imitate

   肖像  ―  xiàoxiàng  ―  portrait

3. (dialectal) to be born in the year of (one of the twelve animals)
4. (rare) a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 屬 (“to be born in the year of (one of the twelve Chinese zodiac signs)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		屬
Mandarin	Taiwan	屬
	Luoyang	屬
	Wanrong	屬
	Yinchuan	屬
	Guilin	屬
	Yangzhou	屬
	Singapore	屬
Cantonese	Hong Kong	屬
Gan	Nanchang	屬
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	肖
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	肖
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	肖
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	肖
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	肖
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	肖
Huizhou	Jixi	肖
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	肖
Southern Min	Xiamen	相
	Quanzhou	相
	Zhangzhou	相
	Tainan	相
	Penang (Hokkien)	相
	Singapore (Hokkien)	相
	Jieyang	相
	Haikou	席
Wu	Ningbo	肖
	Wenzhou	肖
	Jinhua	肖, 屬

Compounds

• 不肖 (bùxiào)
• 不肖之徒
• 不肖子 (bùxiàozǐ)
• 不肖子孫／不肖子孙 (bùxiào zǐsūn)
• 努瓦克肖特 (Nǔwǎkèxiàotè)
• 十二生肖 (shí'èr shēngxiào)
• 吾宗肖 (Wúzōngxiào)
• 唯妙唯肖
• 摹肖
• 生肖
• 畢肖／毕肖 (bìxiào)
• 維妙維肖／维妙维肖 (wéimiàowéixiào)
• 肖似
• 肖像 (xiàoxiàng)
• 肖子 (xiàozǐ)
• 肖屬／肖属
• 肖翹／肖翘 (xiàoqiáo)
• 趙不肖／赵不肖
• 逼肖 (bīxiào)
• 酷肖

 

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siao
    • Wade–Giles: hsiao¹
    • Yale: syāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
    • Palladius: сяо (sjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s]ew/

  (Zhengzhang): /*slew/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	肖
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiāo
Middle Chinese	‹ sjew ›
Old Chinese	/*[s]ew/
English	disappear
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	肖
Reading #	1/2
No.	13754
Phonetic component	肖
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	宵
Old Chinese	/*slew/
Notes	見莊子史記

Definitions

肖

1. (obsolete) to decline; to wane

Etymology 3

Second round simplified form of 蕭／萧 (xiāo).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiāo (xiao¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄠ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): siu¹
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): xiau¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): siau

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siao¹ / siou¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiāo
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄠ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siao
    • Wade–Giles: hsiao¹
    • Yale: syāu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiau
    • Palladius: сяо (sjao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: siu¹
    • Yale: sīu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: siu¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: xiu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siːu̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xiau¹
    • Sinological IPA: /siau⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siau
    • Tâi-lô: siau
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siaw
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siau³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siau⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siau⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siao¹ / siou¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siau / siou
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siau³³/, /siou³³/

Note:

• siao1 - Shantou;
• siou1 - Chaozhou.

Definitions

肖

1. a surname

   肖戰／肖战  ―  Xiāo Zhàn  ―  Xiao Zhan

Usage notes

The surnames 肖 and 蕭／萧 (xiāo) were originally distinct, and 肖 was a rare surname. In Mainland China, 蕭／萧 was simplified to 肖 in the second round of Chinese character simplification promulgated in 1977. Though the second round of simplification was officially rescinded in 1986, many individuals in Mainland China originally surnamed 蕭／萧 (Xiāo) but had their surname simplified to 肖 did not change their surname back to 蕭／萧 (Xiāo). Most individuals who bear the surname 肖 (Xiāo) now were in fact originally surnamed 蕭／萧 (Xiāo) or descended from individuals originally surnamed 蕭／萧 (Xiāo).

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of 肖 – see 蕭. (This character is the second-round simplified form of 蕭).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Shinjitai	肖
Kyūjitai	肖󠄁 肖+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	肖󠄃 肖+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

肖

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. resemble
2. imitate

Readings

• Go-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←せう (seu, historical)}
• Kun: にる (niru, 肖る); かたどる (katadoru, 肖る); あやかる (ayakaru, 肖る)
• Nanori: あえ (ae); あゆ (ayu); あれ (are); すえ (sue); たか (taka); のり (nori); ゆき (yuki)

Affix

Kanji in this term
肖
しょう Grade: S
on’yomi

肖(しょう) • (shō) 

1. image; likeness

Korean

Hanja

肖 • (cho, so) (hangeul 초, 소, revised cho, so, McCune–Reischauer ch'o, so, Yale cho, so)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

肖: Hán Nôm readings: tiêu, tiếu

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.