ego
English edit
Etymology edit
From Latin ego (“I”). Chosen by Freud’s translator as a translation of his use of German Ich as a noun for this concept from the pronoun ich (“I”). Doublet of I and Ich.
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈiːɡəʊ/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /ˈiɡoʊ/
- Rhymes: -iːɡəʊ
Noun edit
ego (countable and uncountable, plural egos)
- The self, especially with a sense of self-importance.
- 1998, Eckhart Tolle, A New Earth:
- When every thought absorbs your attention completely, when you are so identified with the voice in your head and the emotions that accompany it that you lose yourself in every thought and every emotion, then you are totally identified with form and therefore in the grip of ego. Ego is a conglomeration of recurring thought forms and conditioned mental-emotional patterns that are invested with a sense of I, a sense of self.
- (psychology, Freudian) The most central part of the mind, which mediates with one's surroundings.
- 1954, Calvin S. Hall, A Primer of Freudian Psychology:
- In the well adjusted person the ego is the executive of the personality and is governed by the reality principle.
- 1991, Stephen Fry, The Liar, London: Heinemann, →OCLC, page 19:
- ‘Everything begins with “I”, you mean. Which is ego,’ said Tom, placing an ankle behind his ear, ‘not id.’
- A person's self-esteem and opinion of themselves.
- 2024 January 10, Christian Wolmar, “A time for change? ... just as it was back in issue 262”, in RAIL, number 1000, page 60:
- My columns in the early days of the Labour government often featured John Prescott, who was in charge of transport as part of a mega-department created to match his ego.
Synonyms edit
Coordinate terms edit
Derived terms edit
- absolute ego
- alter ego
- auxiliary ego
- egocentric
- egocentrically
- egocentricity
- egocentrism
- ego death
- ego-dystonic
- egodystonic
- ego-expansion
- egoic
- egoism
- egoist
- egoistic
- egoistical
- egoistically
- egoity
- egoless
- ego lifter
- ego lifting
- egomania
- egomaniac
- ego-minded
- ego-mindedness
- ego-self
- ego shooter
- egosurf
- ego-surfing
- ego surfing
- ego-syntonic
- egosyntonic
- egotism
- egotist
- egotistic
- egotistical
- egotistically
- ego-trip
- ego trip
- ego-tripping
- empirical ego
- executive ego function
- massage someone's ego
- non-empirical ego
- pure ego
- super-ego
- superego
- transcendental ego
Translations edit
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Anagrams edit
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin ego. Doublet of jo.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ego m (plural egos)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “ego” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Czech edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin ego (“I”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ego n
Declension edit
Synonyms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin egō.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ego n (plural ego's, diminutive egootje n)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Anagrams edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ego
Declension edit
Inflection of ego (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | ego | egot | ||
genitive | egon | egojen | ||
partitive | egoa | egoja | ||
illative | egoon | egoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | ego | egot | ||
accusative | nom. | ego | egot | |
gen. | egon | |||
genitive | egon | egojen | ||
partitive | egoa | egoja | ||
inessive | egossa | egoissa | ||
elative | egosta | egoista | ||
illative | egoon | egoihin | ||
adessive | egolla | egoilla | ||
ablative | egolta | egoilta | ||
allative | egolle | egoille | ||
essive | egona | egoina | ||
translative | egoksi | egoiksi | ||
abessive | egotta | egoitta | ||
instructive | — | egoin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Further reading edit
- “ego”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams edit
Ido edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English ego, French égo, German Ego, Italian ego, Russian э́го (égo), Spanish ego. Decision no. 693, Progreso IV.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ego (invariable)
Derived terms edit
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
From Latin ego (“I”), from Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Doublet of eke.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ego (first-person possessive egoku, second-person possessive egomu, third-person possessive egonya)
- (psychology) ego.
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “ego” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Italian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ego m (invariable)
Further reading edit
- ego in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Italic *egō, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare Ancient Greek ἐγώ (egṓ).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈe.ɡoː/, [ˈɛɡoː] or IPA(key): /ˈe.ɡo/, [ˈɛɡɔ]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈe.ɡo/, [ˈɛːɡo]
Pronoun edit
egō̆ (first person, nominative, plural nōs)
- I; first person singular personal pronoun, nominative case
Declension edit
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | First | Second | Reflexive third | Third | First | Second | Reflexive third | Third | |||||
Case / Gender | Masc./ Fem./Neut. | Masc. | Fem. | Neut. | Masc./ Fem./Neut. | Masc. | Fem. | Neut. | |||||
Nominative | egō̆ | tū | — | is | ea | id | nōs | vōs | — | eī iī |
eae | ea | |
Genitive | meī | tuī | suī | eius | nostrī nostrum |
vestrī vestrum |
suī | eōrum | eārum | eōrum | |||
Dative | mihi | tibi | sibi | eī | nōbīs | vōbīs | sibi | eīs | |||||
Accusative | mē | tē | sē sēsē |
eum | eam | id | nōs | vōs | sē sēsē |
eōs | eās | ea | |
Ablative | mē | tē | sē sēsē | eō | eā | eō | nōbīs | vōbīs | sē sēsē |
eīs | |||
Vocative | egō | tū | — | nōs | vōs | — |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Reflexes of the late variant eo:
- Balkan Romance:
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- Padanian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
Borrowings:
- → Catalan: ego
- → Dutch: ego
- → English: ego
- → French: ego
- → Galician: ego
- → German: Ego
- → Italian: ego
- → Portuguese: ego
- → Spanish: ego
See also edit
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Genitive | Dative | Accusative | Ablative | Possessive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | First | — | ego | meī | mihi | mē | meus, -a, -um | |
Second | — | tū | tuī | tibi | tē | tuus, -a, -um | ||
Reflexive third | — | — | suī | sibi | sē, sēsē | suus, -a, -um | ||
Third | Masculine | is | ēius | eī | eum | eō | ēius | |
Feminine | ea | eam | eā | |||||
Neuter | id | id | eō | |||||
Plural | First | — | nōs | nostrī, nostrum | nōbīs | nōs | nōbīs | noster, -tra, -trum |
Second | — | vōs | vestrī, vestrum | vōbīs | vōs | vōbīs | vester, -tra, -trum | |
Reflexive third | — | — | suī | sibi | sē, sēsē | suus, -a, -um | ||
Third | Masculine | eī, iī | eōrum | eīs | eōs | eīs | eōrum | |
Feminine | eae | eārum | eās | eārum | ||||
Neuter | ea | eōrum | ea | eōrum |
References edit
- “ego”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ego”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ego in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- ego in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to be hardly able to restrain one's tears: vix me contineo quin lacrimem
- I cannot sleep for anxiety: curae somnum mihi adimunt, dormire me non sinunt
- I'm undone! it's all up with me: perii! actum est de me! (Ter. Ad. 3. 2. 26)
- I was induced by several considerations to..: multae causae me impulerunt ad aliquid or ut...
- I console myself with..: hoc (illo) solacio me consōlor
- I console myself with..: haec (illa) res me consolatur
- (great) advantage accrues to me from this: fructus ex hac re redundant in or ad me
- I will refuse you nothing: nihil tibi a me postulanti recusabo
- I express my approval of a thing: res a me probatur
- as far as I can guess: quantum ego coniectura assequor, auguror
- if I am not mistaken: nisi (animus) me fallit
- unless I'm greatly mistaken: nisi omnia me fallunt
- I am not unaware: me non fugit, praeterit
- I cannot bring myself to..: a me impetrare non possum, ut
- I forget something: oblivio alicuius rei me capit
- experience has taught me: usus me docuit
- this goes to prove what I say: hoc est a (pro) me
- the matter speaks for itself: res ipsa (pro me apud te) loquitur
- something harasses me, makes me anxious: aliquid me sollicitat, me sollicitum habet, mihi sollicitudini est, mihi sollicitudinem affert
- I am discontented with my lot: fortunae meae me paenitet
- I am not dissatisfied with my progress: non me paenitet, quantum profecerim
- what will become of me: quid (de) me fiet? (Ter. Heaut. 4. 3. 37)
- it's all over with me; I'm a lost man: actum est de me
- I have great hopes that..: magna me spes tenet (with Acc. c. Inf.) (Tusc. 1. 41. 97)
- hope has played me false: spes me frustratur
- I have received a legacy from a person: hereditas ad me or mihi venit ab aliquo (Verr. 2. 1. 10)
- I have no objection: per me licet
- (ambiguous) to be burned to ashes: incendio deleri, absūmi
- (ambiguous) to be carried off by a disease: morbo absūmi (Sall. Iug. 5. 6)
- (ambiguous) to die a natural death: morbo perire, absūmi, consūmi
- (ambiguous) according to my strong conviction: ex animi mei sententia (vid. sect. XI. 2)
- (ambiguous) I put myself at your disposal as regards advice: consilii mei copiam facio tibi
- (ambiguous) my dear father: pater optime or carissime, mi pater (vid. sect. XII. 10)
- (ambiguous) I swear on my conscience: ex animi mei sententia iuro
- to be hardly able to restrain one's tears: vix me contineo quin lacrimem
Latvian edit
Noun edit
ego m (invariable)
Noun edit
ego m (invariable)
Synonyms edit
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin ego. Doublet of ja (“I”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ego n (indeclinable)
- (psychoanalysis) ego (the most central part of the mind which mediates with one's surroundings)
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Latin ego (“I”). Doublet of eu.
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -ɛɡu
- Hyphenation: e‧go
Noun edit
ego m (plural egos)
- ego (the self)
- (psychology) ego (most central part of the mind)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ȇgo m (Cyrillic spelling е̑го)
Declension edit
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Latin ego (“I”). Doublet of yo.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ego m (plural egos)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “ego”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ego (definite accusative egou, plural egolar)
- ego (the self, especially with a sense of self-importance)
- (psychoanalysis) ego