en-
English edit
Alternative forms edit
- em- (before certain consonants, principally the labials b and p)
Etymology edit
From Middle English en- (“en-, in-”). Originally from Old French en- (also an-), from Latin in- (“in, into”); but also from an alteration of in-, from Middle English in-, from Old English in- (“in, into”), from Proto-Germanic *in (“in”). Both the Latin and the Germanic forms are from Proto-Indo-European *en (“in, into”). Intensive use of Old French en-, an- is due to confluence with Frankish *an- (intensive prefix), related to Old English on- (intensive prefix). More at in-, on-.
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
en-
- Forms a transitive verb whose meaning is to make the attached adjective
- to become
- provide with
- an intensifier
Usage notes edit
- Before the labial consonants b and p, the form em- is used instead, a result of assimilation of place of articulation.
Synonyms edit
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- embalm
- embark
- embarrass
- embase
- embellish
- embezzle
- emboss
- embrace
- embroider
- embroil
- empanel
- empark
- emplead (compare Old French emplaidier)
- employ
- enamel (from Anglo-Norman enamailler)
- enamor, enamour
- enchain
- enchant
- enchase
- enclave
- enclose
- encounter
- encourage
- encrust
- encumber
- endoctrine
- endolour
- endorse
- endow (from Anglo-Norman endover)
- endue
- endure
- enforce
- engage
- engender
- englue
- englut
- engorge
- engrail
- engrain (from the French phrase en graine)
- engrave
- engross
- engulf
- enhance
- enjoin
- enjoy
- enlace
- enlarge
- enlimn (from Old French enluminer)
- ennoble
- enquire, inquire
- enrace (compare French enraciner)
- enrage
- enrange (compare French arranger)
- enrich
- enrobe
- enroll
- ensanguine
- ensemble
- ensue
- ensure
- entice
- entitle
- entrain
- entrap
- entreat
- envelop, envelope
- envermeil (compare Old French envermeiller)
- environ
- envisage
- embathe
- emblanch
- emboil
- embraid, embreaded
- embrangle
- empassion
- empierce
- empight
- emplace
- empuzzle
- enact
- encanker
- encheer
- enclasp
- enclothe
- encompass
- endazzle
- enfold
- enfreeze
- engild
- engird
- engrasp
- engrieve
- enkindle
- enlighten
- enmesh
- enmingle
- enmix
- ensear
- enseel
- ensheathe
- ensnarl
- enstamp
- enstrengthen
- enstyle
- ensweep
- entame
- entangle
- enthrill
- entwin
- entwist
- entwite
- enwallowed
- enwind
- enwrap
- enwreathe
- enwrite
- embank
- embarn
- embastardize
- embattle
- embay
- embeam
- embed
- embillow
- emblaze
- emblazon
- embliss, enbliss
- embloom
- emblossom
- embody
- embondage
- emborder
- embosom
- embottle
- embow
- embowel
- embowl
- embox
- embronze
- embrothel
- embus
- emmarble, enmarble
- empanoplied
- empeople
- emplane
- emplotment (neologism by Paul Ricœur)
- emplumed
- empower
- empurple
- enarch
- enarm
- enarmor, enarmour
- encage
- encamp
- encapsulate
- encapture
- encase
- encashment
- encasket
- enchaired
- enchannel
- encharm
- enchisel
- encindered
- encipher
- encircle
- enclasp
- encloister
- encloud
- encoach
- encode
- encoffin
- encolour
- encowl
- encradle
- encrimson
- encroach
- enculture
- encunt
- encurtain
- encyst
- endanger
- endart
- endenizen
- endiademed
- endome
- endungeon
- enface
- enfame
- enfeoff
- enfetter
- enfire
- enflesh
- enflower
- enforest
- enframe
- enfranchise
- enfreedom
- engaol
- engarland
- engirdle
- engirt
- englamour
- engloom
- engore
- engraft
- engrave
- engroove
- enguard
- engyve
- enhalo
- enharbour
- enhearse
- enhedge
- enhoney
- enhunger
- enisle
- enjail
- enkennel
- enlard
- enleague
- enlight
- enlink
- enlist (possibly from Dutch inlijsten (“to write on a list”))
- enliven
- enlute
- enmassed
- enmew
- enmire
- enmist
- enmossed
- enmuffle
- enniche
- enpatron
- enplane
- enprison
- enquote
- enrank
- enrapture
- enregister
- enrheum
- enridge
- enrockment
- enroot
- enscale
- enschedule
- ensconce
- enseam
- ensepulcher, ensepulchre
- enserf
- enshackle
- enshaded, enshadow
- enshell
- enshelter
- enshrine
- enshroud
- ensky
- enslave
- ensnare
- ensoul
- enspell
- ensphere
- enstool
- entabulate
- entail
- enthral, enthrall
- enthrone
- entoil
- entomb
- entrail
- entrain
- entrench
- entrust
- entwine
- envassal
- envault
- enveil
- envenom, envenomate
- envillaged
- envision
- envolume
- enwoman
- enwomb
- enwreath
- enzone
- embetter
- embitter
- emblind
- embolden
- embrave
- embrittle
- embusy
- empractical (neologism)
- enable
- encrisped
- encrypt (neologism from Ancient Greek κρυπτός (kruptós, “concealed, hidden”) or κρύπτω (krúptō, “hide, cover”))
- endear
- enfeeble
- enfierced
- enfree
- englacial
- engolden
- engreen
- enmilden
- ennew
- enquicken
- enripen
- enround
- ensafe
- ensober
- entender
- enweaken
- emblem
- embolism
- embrocate (from Medieval Latin embrocatus, from Ancient Greek ἐμβροχή (embrokhḗ, “lotion, fomentation”))
- embryo
- empathy (a 20th century neologism)
- empiric (via Old French empirique and Latin empiricus from Ancient Greek ἐμπειρικός (empeirikós, “experienced”))
- emporium
- encaustic (probably neologism after Ancient Greek καυστικός (kaustikós, “burning”))
- encephalitis (from French encéphalite?)
- enchondroma
- encomiast, encomium
- encyclical (from Late Latin encyclicus)
- encyclopaedia, encyclopedia (from New Latin encyclopaedia)
- endemic (from French endémique?)
- endive (from Byzantine Greek ἔντυβον (éntubon) or Late Latin intibus, ultimately of uncertain origin)
- enema
- enepidermic
- energy (via Middle French énergie and Late Latin energia from Ancient Greek ἐνέργεια (enérgeia, “action, act, work”))
- entablature (from Italian intavolatura)
- enthuse, enthusiasm, enthusiastic
- entomology (from French entomologie)
- entrochite
- enzyme (from German Enzym)
- panendeism, panentheism (from German Panentheismus)
See also edit
References edit
- “en-”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
- “en-”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
Anagrams edit
Catalan edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.
Prefix edit
en-
- en- (all meanings)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
French edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old French en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
en-
- en- (all meanings)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
Galician edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.
Prefix edit
en-
Derived terms edit
From
.
Related terms edit
See also edit
Ido edit
Etymology edit
Prefix form of en (“in”).
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
en-
- prefix indicating in
Derived terms edit
Ladino edit
Alternative forms edit
- em- (before b or p)
Etymology edit
From Old Spanish en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of in (“in, into”).
Prefix edit
en-
Derived terms edit
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Old French en-, from Latin in-.
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
en-
- Forms words, usually verbs, meaning "in", "on", or "around"; en-.
- Intensifies words, usually verbs; en-.
Usage notes edit
- Sometimes used interchangeably with in-; see that entry for more.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- “en-, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Mohawk edit
Prefix edit
en-
- future tense prefix
References edit
- Gunther Michelson (1973) A thousand words of Mohawk, University of Ottawa Press, page 5
Norman edit
Etymology edit
From Old French en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.
Prefix edit
en-
- en- (all meanings)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
Northern Ndebele edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix edit
en-
- Class 9 adjective concord.
Usage notes edit
The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).
Occitan edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old Occitan en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.
Prefix edit
en-
- en- (all meanings)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
Old French edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”). Influenced by Frankish *an- (intensive prefix), related to Old English on- (intensive prefix).
Prefix edit
en-
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
Old Saxon edit
Etymology edit
From ēn (“one”).
Prefix edit
ēn-
Portuguese edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see em.
Prefix edit
en-
- en- (all meanings)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
Spanish edit
Alternative forms edit
- em- (before b or p)
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Spanish en-, from Latin in-, prefixation of Latin in (“in, into”); see en.
Prefix edit
en-
- en- (all meanings) (clarification of this definition is needed)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “en-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tocharian A edit
Etymology edit
Related to Tocharian B en-, either borrowed into or from Tocharian A. Of uncertain origin, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European, cognate with Ancient Greek αἶνος (aînos, “story, tale”).
Verb edit
en-
Tocharian B edit
Etymology edit
Related to Tocharian A en-, either borrowed into or from Tocharian B. Of uncertain origin, possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European, cognate with Ancient Greek αἶνος (aînos, “story, tale”).
Verb edit
en-
Derived terms edit
- enäṣṣālñe (“instruction, teaching, doctrine”)
Further reading edit
- Adams, Douglas Q. (2013), “en-”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 87
Welsh edit
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Prefix edit
en-
- affirmative prefix, emphasises prefixed word
Derived terms edit
Mutation edit
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
en- | unchanged | unchanged | hen- |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References edit
R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “en-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Xhosa edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix edit
en-
- Class 9 adjective concord.
Usage notes edit
The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).
Zulu edit
Etymology edit
From a- (“relative”) + n- (“class 9 basic noun prefix”).
Prefix edit
ḗn-
- Class 9 adjective concord.
Usage notes edit
The variant form em- is used before stems beginning with a labial consonant (b, f, m, p, v).
References edit
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “em-, en-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “em-, en-”