gift
English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English gift (also yift, yifte, ȝift, ȝeft), partly from Old English ġift (“giving, consideration, dowry, wedding”) and Old Norse gipt (“gift, present, wedding”); both from Proto-Germanic *giftiz (“gift”). Equivalent to give + -th (etymologically yive + -th).
Cognate with West Frisian jefte (“gift”), Saterland Frisian Gift (“gift”), German Low German Gift (“poison”), Dutch gift (“gift”) and its doublet gif (“poison”), German Gift (“poison”), Danish gift (“gift (obsolete); poison, venom”), Swedish gift (“gift, poison, venom”), Icelandic gift (“gift”). Doublet of yift.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gift (plural gifts)
- Something given to another voluntarily, without charge.
- 1965, Frank Herbert, Dune[1] (Science Fiction), New York: Ace Books, →OCLC, page 48[2]:
- “I thank you for the gift, Dr. Yueh,” Paul said, speaking formally. “It will be our secret. If there is a gift or favor you wish from me, please do not hesitate to ask.”
"I . . . need for nothing," Yueh said.
- 2021 October 20, “Stop & Examine”, in RAIL, number 942, page 71:
- She bought the model as a surprise gift for a friend who is a lifelong HST fan and railwayman, and who will soon be celebrating a milestone birthday.
- A talent or natural ability.
- She had a gift for playing the flute.
- 1910, Emerson Hough, chapter I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
- “ […] it is not fair of you to bring against mankind double weapons! Dangerous enough you are as woman alone, without bringing to your aid those gifts of mind suited to problems which men have been accustomed to arrogate to themselves.”
- Something gained incidentally, without effort.
- The act, right, or power of giving or bestowing.
- The office is in the gift of the President.
Synonyms edit
- (something freely given by another): See Thesaurus:gift For beneficial actions, see favor.
- (something god-given): ability, aptitude, knack, talent, strength
Derived terms edit
- bride gift
- countergift
- don't look a gift horse in the mouth
- e-gift certificate
- foregift
- fore-gift
- gift bag
- gift basket
- giftbox
- giftcard
- gift card
- gift certificate
- gift economy
- gift from above
- gift from the gods
- gift giver
- gift-giving
- gift horse
- gift matching
- gift of gab
- gift of the gab
- gift of tongues
- giftpack
- gift receipt
- gift registry
- gift rope
- gift set
- gift shop
- gift tax
- gift that keeps on giving
- gift token
- gift voucher
- giftware
- giftwrap
- gift-wrap
- gift wrap
- gift-wrapping
- God's gift
- God's gift to men
- God's gift to women
- Greek gift
- Indian gift
- morning-gift
- morning gift
- never look a gift horse in the mouth
- parting gift
- regift
- return gift
Descendants edit
- → Japanese: ギフト (gifuto)
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See also edit
Verb edit
gift (third-person singular simple present gifts, present participle gifting, simple past and past participle gifted)
- (transitive) To give as a gift or donation.
- (transitive) To give away, to concede easily.
- 2011 September 28, Jon Smith, “Valencia 1 - 1 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport[3]:
- Chelsea threw away two points when substitute Salomon Kalou gifted Valencia a penalty five minutes from time with a needless handball.
- 2022, Liam McIlvanney, The Heretic, page 440:
- They drove on, every rise in the road lifting their sightline clear of the drystone dykes along the roadside, gifting glimpses of the firth and the islands, the blue peaks of Arran.
Synonyms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
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Anagrams edit
Danish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From German Gift (“poison”). Similar to the archaic gift (“gift”), a verbal noun to give (“to give”).
Noun edit
gift c (singular definite giften, plural indefinite gifte)
- poison (substance harmful to a living organism)
Inflection edit
Derived terms edit
See also edit
- gift on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia da
Etymology 2 edit
Originally the past participle of gifte (“marry”).
Adjective edit
gift
Inflection edit
Inflection of gift | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
Indefinte common singular | gift | — | —2 |
Indefinite neuter singular | gift | — | —2 |
Plural | gifte | — | —2 |
Definite attributive1 | gifte | — | — |
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. |
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
gift
- imperative of gifte
- past participle of gifte
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Dutch gifte, from Old Dutch *gift, from Proto-West Germanic *gifti, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.
The words gif and vergif, both meaning “poison”, derive from the same source as gift. The sense “poison” may have originated as a shortening of vergift or may have been borrowed from German Gift.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gift f (plural giften, diminutive giftje n)
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
gift n or f (plural giften, diminutive giftje n)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- Afrikaans: gif
Adjective edit
gift (not comparable)
Inflection edit
Inflection of gift | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | gift | |||
inflected | gifte | |||
comparative | — | |||
positive | ||||
predicative/adverbial | gift | |||
indefinite | m./f. sing. | gifte | ||
n. sing. | gift | |||
plural | gifte | |||
definite | gifte | |||
partitive | gifts |
Related terms edit
Faroese edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
gift f (genitive singular giftar, uncountable)
Declension edit
Declension of gift (singular only) | ||
---|---|---|
f2s | singular | |
indefinite | definite | |
nominative | gift | giftin |
accusative | gift | giftina |
dative | gift | giftini |
genitive | giftar | giftarinnar |
Synonyms edit
Adjective edit
gift
Declension edit
giftur a5 | |||
Singular (eintal) | m (kallkyn) | f (kvennkyn) | n (hvørkikyn) |
Nominative (hvørfall) | giftur | gift | gift |
Accusative (hvønnfall) | giftan | gifta | |
Dative (hvørjumfall) | giftum | giftari | giftum |
Genitive (hvørsfall) | (gifts) | (giftar/ giftrar) |
(gifts) |
Plural (fleirtal) | m (kallkyn) | f (kvennkyn) | n (hvørkikyn) |
Nominative (hvørfall) | giftir | giftar | gift |
Accusative (hvønnfall) | giftar | ||
Dative (hvørjumfall) | giftum | ||
Genitive (hvørsfall) | (gifta/ giftra) |
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse gipt, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gift f (genitive singular giftar, nominative plural giftir)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Noun edit
gift f or m (definite singular gifta or giften, indefinite plural gifter, definite plural giftene)
- poison (substance harmful to a living organism)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Adjective edit
gift (neuter singular gift, definite singular and plural gifte)
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Verb edit
gift
- imperative of gifte
References edit
- “gift” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
gift f (definite singular gifta, indefinite plural gifter, definite plural giftene)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Past participle of gifta.
Adjective edit
gift (indefinite singular gift, definite singular and plural gifte)
Participle edit
gift (definite singular and plural gifte)
- past participle of gifta and gifte
Alternative forms edit
Verb edit
gift
References edit
- “gift” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *gifti, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz. Cognate with Old Frisian jeft, Old Saxon *gift (in sundargift (“privilege”, literally “special gift”)), Dutch gift, Old High German gift (German Gift), Old Norse gipt (> English gift), Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐍆𐍄𐍃 (fragifts).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ġift f
- marriage payment, dowry
- (in the plural and in compounds) wedding, marriage
- c. 992, Ælfric, "The Twenty-first Sunday after Pentecost"
- Þāðā hí noldon cuman to ðam ġiftum, ða sende hé eft, þus cweðende, "Secgað ðam gelaðodum, Efne, ic ġeġearcode mīne gōd, ic ofslóh mine fearras, and mine gemæstan fugelas, and ealle mine ðing ic ġearcode: cumað to þam ġiftum."
- When they would not come to the marriage, he sent again, thus saying, "Say to those who are invited, Behold, I have prepared my meats, I have slain my oxen and my fatted fowls, and have prepared all my things: come to the marriage."
- c. 992, Ælfric, "The Twenty-first Sunday after Pentecost"
Declension edit
Descendants edit
Swedish edit
Pronunciation edit
audio (file)
Etymology 1 edit
From German Gift (“poison”), from Middle High German gift f (“gift, present”), Old High German gift f (“gift”), from Proto-West Germanic *gifti, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz, which is a derivation of *gebaną (“to give”).
Noun edit
gift n
- poison, venom, toxin (toxic substance)
- 1968, Tove Jansson, Muminpappans memoarer, Holger Schildts Förlag, published 1991, →ISBN, page 126:
- Rådd-djuret gråter, sade Joxaren förebrående. Spöket har målat en dödskalle på kaffeburken och skrivit GIFT under och nu är Rådd-djuret utom sig och säger att har det inte gift sig förut så kommer det nu absolut aldrig att göra det!
- "The Muddler is crying," said the Joxter reproachfully. "The ghost has painted a skull and crossbones and the word POISON on the Muddler's coffee tin, and now the Muddler is beside himself and says that if it has not gotten married before it will absolutely never do it!"
Declension edit
Declension of gift | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | gift | giftet | gifter | gifterna |
Genitive | gifts | giftets | gifters | gifternas |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Swedish gipt, from Old Norse gipta (“give away in marriage”), from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.
Adjective edit
gift (not comparable)
- married
- ett gift par
- a married couple
- Han är gift sedan tre år.
- He's been married for three years.
- 1968, Tove Jansson, Muminpappans memoarer, Holger Schildts Förlag, published 1991, →ISBN, page 126:
- Rådd-djuret gråter, sade Joxaren förebrående. Spöket har målat en dödskalle på kaffeburken och skrivit GIFT under och nu är Rådd-djuret utom sig och säger att har det inte gift sig förut så kommer det nu absolut aldrig att göra det!
- "The Muddler is crying," said the Joxter reproachfully. "The ghost has painted a skull and crossbones and the word POISON on the Muddler's coffee tin, and now the Muddler is beside himself and says that if it has not gotten married before it will absolutely never do it!"
- ett gift par
Declension edit
Inflection of gift | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | gift | — | — |
Neuter singular | gift | — | — |
Plural | gifta | — | — |
Masculine plural3 | gifte | — | — |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | gifte | — | — |
All | gifta | — | — |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Participle edit
gift
- past participle of gifta
Verb edit
gift
- inflection of gifta: