sen
English edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From a syncopation of Middle English selven, selfen, variants of selfe, self. More at self.
Noun edit
sen
- (Yorkshire, East Midlands) Self.
- "Hear all, see all, say nowt. Eyt all, sup all, pay nowt. An if ivver tha does owt fer nowt, mek sure tha does it fer thi sen."
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Japanese 銭 (sen).
Noun edit
sen (plural sens or sen)
- A unit of Japanese currency, worth one hundredth of a yen.
- A coin of this value.
- 2013, Charles F. C. Ladd, Jr., Around the World at Seventeen, page 70:
- Before leaving the Kyndam I had bought in exchange what I thought to be enough yens and sens to see me through.
Etymology 3 edit
From Indonesian sen, from Dutch cent, from Old French cent (“hundred”). See further etymology at cent.
Noun edit
sen (plural sens or sen)
- A unit of Indonesian currency, worth one hundredth of a rupiah.
Etymology 4 edit
From Malay sen, from English cent. See further etymology at cent.
Noun edit
sen (plural sens or sen)
Etymology 5 edit
Noun edit
sen (uncountable)
Anagrams edit
Abenaki edit
Noun edit
sen (inanimate, plural senal)
Basque edit
Noun edit
sen ?
See also edit
Crimean Tatar edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *sen (“thou”), compare Turkish sen (“you”).
Pronoun edit
sen (plural siz, possessive adjective seniñ)
object | your: saña |
reflexive | yourself: özüñ |
possessive | your: seniñ |
Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Old Czech sen, from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súpnas, from Proto-Indo-European *supnós.
Noun edit
sen m inan
- dream
- Měl jsem o tobě sen. ― I had a dream about you.
- To by mě ani ve snu nenapadlo. ― I wouldn't even dream of that.
- Bylo to jako ze sna. ― It was totally out of a dream.
- Polovinu času tráví ve snách. ― He lives in a dream half the time.
Declension edit
The form sna is usually only used after the preposition ze (ze sna) and the form snách is usually only used after the preposition ve (ve snách).
Related terms edit
See also edit
- vidina f
Further reading edit
- sen in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
- sen in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
- sen in Internetová jazyková příručka
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
sen
Anagrams edit
Danish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse seinn (“late”), from Proto-Germanic *sainaz, *sainijaz, cognate with Old English sǣne.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
sen (neuter sent, plural and definite singular attributive sene)
Inflection edit
Inflection of sen | |||
---|---|---|---|
Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
Indefinte common singular | sen | senere | senest2 |
Indefinite neuter singular | sent | senere | senest2 |
Plural | sene | senere | senest2 |
Definite attributive1 | sene | senere | seneste |
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. |
Esperanto edit
Etymology edit
From Latin sine. Compare Spanish sin, Italian senza.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Preposition edit
sen
Derived terms edit
- sen- (“without, -less”)
Fala edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese sem, itself probably from Old Occitan sen (“judgement”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sen f (plural senis)
References edit
Finnish edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
sen
- genitive/accusative singular of se
- Elokuva oli muuten hyvä, mutta sen loppu oli hämäävä.
- The film was otherwise good, but its ending was confusing.
- Voisitko tehdä sen?
- Could you do it, please?
- Mitä enemmän, sen parempi.
- The more the better.
- Sen parempaa ei olekaan.
- There is nothing better than it.
Further reading edit
- “sen”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-12-01
Friulian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
sen m (plural sens)
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
sen f
Galician edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese sen, from Latin sine.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
sen
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese sem; either from a substrate language, or more likely from Old Occitan sen (“judgement”) and ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *sinn (“sense, mind”) (cf. Vulgar Latin *sennus).[1]
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sen m (plural sens)
Etymology 3 edit
Unknown.
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sen m (plural sens)
References edit
- “sem” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “sem” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “sen” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “sen” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “sen” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
- ^ Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991), “sien”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
Ido edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Esperanto sen, French sans, Italian senza, Spanish sin, ultimately from Latin sine.
Pronunciation edit
Preposition edit
sen
- without (not having)
Indonesian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Dutch cent, from Old French cent (“hundred”), from Latin centum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.
Noun edit
sèn (first-person possessive senku, second-person possessive senmu, third-person possessive sennya)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
sèn (first-person possessive senku, second-person possessive senmu, third-person possessive sennya)
- Nonstandard form of sein.
Further reading edit
- “sen” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Ingrian edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Finnic *se-. Compare Finnish mitä ... sen.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈsen/, [ˈs̠e̞n]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈsen/, [ˈʃe̞n]
- Rhymes: -en
- Hyphenation: sen
Adverb edit
sen
- (+ min) Establishes a correlation between multiple comparatives in a sentence; ..., the ...
- Min enemmän siä sööt, sen suuremp siä oot. ― The more you eat, the bigger you are.
- 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:
- Min alemmaal ono päivyt maan päält, sen pitemp on kupahain, a min hää ono ylempään, sen lyhemp ono kupahain.
- The lower the sun is along the earth, the longer is the shadow, and the higher it is, the shorter is the shadow.
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈsen/, [ˈs̠e̞n]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈsen/, [ˈʃe̞n]
- Rhymes: -en
- Hyphenation: sen
Pronoun edit
sen
- accusative singular of se
- (nonstandard) genitive singular of se
Determiner edit
sen
- accusative singular of se
- (nonstandard) genitive singular of se
References edit
- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 99
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 514
Italian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Contraction edit
sen
Usage notes edit
- This contraction can be used only before verbs beginning with any consonant except for an impure s.[1]
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Contraction edit
sen
- Contraction of seno.
References edit
- ^ https://books.google.ru/books?id=2KFWAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA104&lpg=PA104&dq=%22men%22+%22sen%22+%22ten%22+italian+grammar&source=bl&ots=xbqZikF9Fo&sig=ACfU3U3ngM0Rix1ZnZxrI34iT_BW_1aH3A&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj4i5LK7frjAhVtsYsKHfrZDOQQ6AEwCnoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22men%22%20%22sen%22%20%22ten%22%20italian%20grammar&f=false
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
sen
Jingpho edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Burmese သိန်း (sin:).
Noun edit
sen
References edit
Kabuverdianu edit
Etymology edit
From Portuguese cem.
Numeral edit
sen
- hundred (100)
Karaim edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *sen.
Pronoun edit
sen
References edit
- N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “sen”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN
Lashi edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from a Southeastern Asian language. Compare Burmese သိန်း (sin:) and Thai แสน (sɛ̌ɛn).
Pronunciation edit
Numeral edit
sen
- hundred thousand (100,000)
Usage notes edit
- When used as a quantifier, sen should be preceded by da (“one”).
References edit
- Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid[5], Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)
Latvian edit
Adverb edit
sen
Louisiana Creole edit
< 99 | 100 | 101 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : sen | ||
Etymology edit
Inherited from French cent (“hundred”).
Pronunciation edit
Numeral edit
sen
Malay edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From English cent, from Old French cent (“hundred”), from Latin centum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sen (Jawi spelling سين, plural sen-sen, informal 1st possessive senku, 2nd possessive senmu, 3rd possessive sennya)
Further reading edit
- “sen” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Mandarin edit
Romanization edit
sen
- Nonstandard spelling of sēn.
- Nonstandard spelling of sěn.
Usage notes edit
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Nga La edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Kuki-Chin *shan, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *t(y)a-n ~ tsa-n.
Adjective edit
sen
References edit
- Matu (Chin) Dictionary by Ropna Saruum, Matupi 2007
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
sen (neuter singular sent, definite singular and plural sene, comparative senere, indefinite superlative senest, definite superlative seneste)
Derived terms edit
References edit
Anagrams edit
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse sin, sina, from Proto-Germanic *senawō, from Proto-Indo-European *snḗh₁wr̥ (“sinew, tendon”).
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
sen f (definite singular sena, indefinite plural sener, definite plural senene)
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
sen m (plural senen)
References edit
- “sen” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams edit
Old Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ.
Noun edit
sen m inan
Declension edit
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | sen | sny | sni, snové |
genitive | sna, snu | snú | snóv |
dative | snu | snoma | snóm |
accusative | sen | sny | sny |
vocative | sne | sny | sni, snové |
locative | sně, snu | snú | sniech |
instrumental | snem | snoma | sny |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Descendants edit
- Czech: sen
Etymology 2 edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sь.
Pronoun edit
sen
Usage notes edit
- This word was already archaic as some of its forms aren't attested.
Declension edit
singular | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | sen | sie | se | |
genitive | seho | sie | seho | |
dative | semu | sí, siej | semu | |
accusative | seho, sen | śú | se | |
locative | sem | sí, siej | sem | |
instrumental | sím | śú | sím | |
dual | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | — | — | ||
genitive | — | |||
dative | sima | |||
accusative | — | — | ||
locative | — | |||
instrumental | sima | |||
plural | ||||
masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
nominative | si | — | — | |
genitive | sich | |||
dative | sim | |||
accusative | — | — | ||
locative | sich | |||
instrumental | simi |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “sen”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old French edit
Noun edit
sen oblique singular, m (oblique plural sens, nominative singular sens, nominative plural sen)
- Alternative form of sens
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *senos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sénos.
Adjective edit
sen (comparative siniu, superlative sinem)
- old
- ancient
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 9a22 (Wikisource link)
- Cía for·comam-ni ríagoil sen-Gréc hi scríbunt in dá caractar isnaib ɔsonaib ucut, ro·cruthaigsemmar camaiph immurgu óen charactar – ·f· tar hési ·p· co tinfeth – i n‑epertaib Latinṅdaib.
- Although we preserve the rule of the ancient Greeks in writing the two characters in those consonants, we have, however, formed one character – f instead of p with lenition – in Latin words.
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 9a22 (Wikisource link)
Usage notes edit
When used attributively, sen may precede the noun it modifies, in which case it is uninflected and triggers lenition on the noun.
Inflection edit
o/ā-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | sen | sen | sen |
Vocative | sin* sen** | ||
Accusative | sen | sin | |
Genitive | sin | sine | sin |
Dative | siun | sin | siun |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
Nominative | sin | sena | |
Vocative | senu sena† | ||
Accusative | senu sena† | ||
Genitive | sen | ||
Dative | senaib | ||
Notes | *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative |
Descendants edit
Mutation edit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
sen | ṡen | unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “sen”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Occitan edit
Etymology edit
From Vulgar Latin *sennus, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *sinn.
Noun edit
sen m (oblique plural sens, nominative singular sens, nominative plural sen)
Descendants edit
- Occitan: sen
References edit
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “sinnō-”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 17: Germanismes: S–Z, page 71
Old Swedish edit
Verb edit
sen
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ. Doublet of hipnoza and Hypnos.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sen m inan
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
Romani edit
Verb edit
sen
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
sen m (plural seni)
- sen (Japanese currency)
Declension edit
Romansch edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Adverb edit
sen
Slovak edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sen m inan (genitive singular sna, nominative plural sny, genitive plural snov, declension pattern of dub)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “sen”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024
Spanish edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
sen m (plural senes)
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
sen m
Etymology 3 edit
Abbreviation of seno (“sine”).
Symbol edit
sen
- (mathematics) a symbol of the trigonometric function sine
Further reading edit
- “sen”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse seinn (“late”).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
sen (comparative senare, superlative senast)
- late
- en sen kväll
- a late evening
- Jag är redan sen till ett möte
- I’m already late for a meeting
Declension edit
Inflection of sen | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | sen | senare | senast |
Neuter singular | sent | senare | senast |
Plural | sena | senare | senast |
Masculine plural3 | sene | senare | senast |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | sene | senare | senaste |
All | sena | senare | senaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Syncopic form of sedan, from Old Swedish siþan, from Old Norse síðan.
Pronunciation edit
Adverb edit
sen (not comparable)
- (somewhat colloquial) Alternative form of sedan
- Först gjorde vi si, och sen gjorde vi så
- First we did like this, and then we did like that
References edit
- sen in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- sen in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- sen in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
Anagrams edit
Tok Pisin edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
sen
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
sen
Descendants edit
- → Rotokas: sieri
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish سن (sen, “thou”), from Proto-Turkic *sen (“thou”). Cognate to siz (“you”) derived from the same root. Compare Old Turkic 𐰾𐰤 (sen, “you”), Karakhanid سَنْ (sen, “you”).
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
sen
Usage notes edit
- It is one of the two words that have irregular dative case declension. (The other words are ben and biz also have irregular genitive case declension.)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
See also edit
Turkmen edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *sen (“thou”).
Pronoun edit
sen
- (personal) you (singular, informal)
Declension edit
See also edit
Nominative | Accusative | Genitive | Dative | Locative | Ablative | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | 1st person | men | meni | meniň | maňa | mende | menden |
2nd person | sen | seni | seniň | saňa | sende | senden | |
3rd person | ol | ony | onuň | oňa | onda | ondan | |
plural | 1st person | biz | bizi | biziň | bize | bizde | bizden |
2nd person | siz | sizi | siziň | size | sizde | sizden | |
3rd person | olar | olary | olaryň | olara | olarda | olardan |
Uyghur edit
Noun edit
sen
- Latin (ULY) transcription of سەن (sen)
Vietnamese edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [sɛn˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʂɛŋ˧˧] ~ [sɛŋ˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ʂɛŋ˧˧] ~ [sɛŋ˧˧]
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Chinese 蓮 (OC *k.[r]ˤe[n]) (B-S) (SV: liên).
Compare the village name Kim Liên 金蓮 (MC kim len), whose demotic name (tên Nôm) is Sen.
Noun edit
(classifier cây, bông, hoa) sen • (𬞮)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Possibly from French jeune servante (“young maidservant”). Attested since 19th century.[1]
Noun edit
(classifier con) sen
- a maidservant
- 1936, Vũ Trọng Phụng, Cơm Thầy Cơm Cô (Master's Food, Mistress's Food), Ch 4. "Cuốn Tiểu Thuyết của Con Sen Đũi (The Novella of Đũi the Maidservant)"
- Trong khi ngồi trước đèn để thuật lại câu chuyện này, tôi cũng muốn cho mơ màng để cái cuộc giãi bày tâm sự của con sen có được một chút thi vị
- While sitting before the lamp to recount this story, I also want to make it dreamy so that the maidservant's pouring her heart out shall have a little bit of poetic beauty.
- 1936, Vũ Trọng Phụng, Cơm Thầy Cơm Cô (Master's Food, Mistress's Food), Ch 4. "Cuốn Tiểu Thuyết của Con Sen Đũi (The Novella of Đũi the Maidservant)"
Etymology 3 edit
From Etymology 2, with owners of cats and dogs perceived humorously as servants to their pets.[2]
Noun edit
(classifier con) sen
References edit
- ^ Ngọc Tiến, "Nghề Giúp Việc Xưa" (Domestic Works of Old)] Hà Nội Mới (in Vietnamese). Original (29 September 2013); republication (8 August 2016)/
- ^ Đông Hà, "Vì sao con sen là kẻ hầu người hạ? (Why is 'con sen' a servant?)" Vietcetera (in Vietnamese)
Welsh edit
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -ɛn
Verb edit
sen (not mutable)
- Contraction of basen.