warm

English

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɔːm

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• (RP) IPA: /wɔːm/
• (US) IPA: /wɔɹm/
• Rhymes: -ɔː(ɹ)m

Etymology 1

From Middle English warm, werm, from Old English wearm, from Proto-Germanic *warmaz, with different proposed origins:

1. Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (warm, hot), related to Ancient Greek θερμός (thermos), Latin formus, Sanskrit घर्म (gharma).
2. Proto-Indo-European *wer- (to burn), related to Hittite (warnuzi) and to Old Church Slavonic варити (variti).

The dispute is due to differing opinions on how initial Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰ- evolved in Germanic: some think that *gʷʰ would have turned to *b, and that the root *gʷʰer- would instead have given rise to burn etc. Some have also proposed a merger of the two roots.

The term is cognate with West Frisian waarm, Dutch/German/Low German warm, Danish/Norwegian/Swedish varm and Icelandic varmur.

Adjective

warm (comparative warmer, superlative warmest)

1. Having a temperature slightly higher than usual, but still pleasant; a mild temperature.

   The tea is still warm.

2. Being something that causes warmth, or the impression thereof.

   This is a very warm room.

3. Caring or charming, of relations to another person.

   We have a warm friendship.

   • 1985, Robert Ferro, Blue Star

     It seemed I was too excited for sleep, too warm, too young.

4. Having a color in the red-orange-yellow part of the visible electromagnetic spectrum.
5. Close, often used in the context of a game in which "warm" and "cold" are used to indicate nearness to the goal.
6. (archaic) Ardent, zealous.
   • 1776, Edward Gibbon, The History of The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Chapter 1

     To the strength and fierceness of barbarians they added a contempt for life, which was derived from a warm persuasion of the immortality and transmigration of the soul.

Synonyms

• See also Wikisaurus:warm
• See also Wikisaurus:affectionate

Antonyms

• (mild temperature): arctic, cold, cool, frozen
• (caring): arctic, cold, cool, frozen

Derived terms

• cold hands, warm heart
• lukewarm
• warmhearted/warm-hearted
• warmish
• warmly adv
• warm up / warm-up

Translations

having a temperature slightly higher than usual

• Arabic: دافئ (ar) (dāfiʾ), دفيء (ar) (dafīʾ)
• Armenian: ջերմ (hy) (ǰerm) , տաք (hy) (tak') 
• Aromanian: caldu (rup)
• Belarusian: цёплы (be) (cjóply) 
• Breton: tomm
• Bulgarian: топъл (bg) (tópǎl) 
• Burmese: ပူ (my) (pu), နွေး (my) (nwe:)
• Catalan: calent (ca), càlid (ca); calor (Algherese)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 暖和 (cmn) (nuǎnhuó)

• Czech: teplý (cs)
• Danish: varm (da), lun (da)
• Dutch: warm (nl)
• Esperanto: varma (eo)
• Finnish: lämmin (fi), lämpöinen (fi)
• French: chaud (fr) m, chaude (fr) f
• Friulian: cjalt
• Galician: quente (gl) m
• German: warm (de)
• Guaraní: aku (h-)
• Hebrew: חמים (he) (khamím) m, חמימה (he) (khamimá) f
• Hindi: गरम (hi), गर्म (hi) (garam, garm)
• Hungarian: meleg (hu)
• Indonesian: hangat (id)
• Interlingua: calide, calorose
• Irish: te (ga)
• Italian: caldo (it)
• Japanese: (weather) 暖かい (ja) (あたたかい, atatakai), (objects, feelings) 温かい (ja) (あたたかい, atatakai)
• Jèrriais: caûd
• Korean: 따뜻하다 (ko) (ttatteutada)
• Kott: fal, phal
• Latgalian: sylts

• Latin: calidus (la), caleo (la) (I am warm)
• Latvian: silts (lv)
• Luxembourgish: waarm (lb), wuarm (lb)
• Norwegian: varm (no)
• Persian: گرم (fa) (garm)
• Polish: ciepły (pl) m
• Portuguese: quente m and f
• Rapa Nui: hana
• Romanian: cald m, caldă f
• Romansch: chaud (rm)
• Russian: тёплый (ru) (tjóplyj) 
• Sardinian:

  Campidanese Sardinian: buddiu, basca, callenti

  Logudorese Sardinian: caente, callente, buddiu, caldu

• Sassarese Sardinian: caldu
• Scottish Gaelic: blàth
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: топао (sh)

  Roman: topao (sh)

• Slovak: teplý (sk)
• Slovene: topel (sl)
• Spanish: caliente (es), cálido (es), caluroso (es) (weather)
• Swedish: varm (sv)
• Talysh:

  Asalemi: گرم (garm)

• Telugu: వెచ్చని (veccani)
• Thai: อุ่น (th) (ùn)
• Tupinambá: akub (s-)
• Ukrainian: теплий (uk) (téplyj) 
• Urdu: گرم (ur) (garam, garm)
• Vietnamese: ấm (vi)
• West Frisian: waarm (fy)

being something that causes warmth

• Armenian: ջերմ (hy) (ǰerm) , տաք (hy) (tak') 
• Breton: tomm (br), klouar (br)
• Czech: teplý (cs)
• Danish: varm (da)
• Dutch: warm (nl)
• Finnish: lämmin (fi)
• French: chaleureux (fr) m, chaleureuse (fr) f
• Hebrew: חמים (he) (khamím) m, חמימה (he) (khamimá) f
• Indonesian: hangat (id)
• Interlingua: cordial
• Irish: te (ga)
• Italian: caldo (it), caloroso (it), cordiale (it)
• Japanese: 暖かい (ja) (あたたかい, atatakai), 温かい (ja) (あたたかい, atatakai)
• Latin: calidus (la), caleo (la) (i am warm)
• Latvian: silts (lv), silts (lv)

• Luxembourgish: waarm (lb), wuarm (lb)
• Polish: ciepły (pl) m
• Portuguese: caloroso m, cordial m and f
• Rapa Nui: hana
• Romanian: cald m, caldă f
• Russian: тёплый (ru) (tyoply) 
• Sardinian:

  Campidanese Sardinian: buddiu, basca, callenti

  Logudorese Sardinian: caente, callente, buddiu, caldu

• Sassarese Sardinian: caldu
• Scottish Gaelic: blàth
• Serbo-Croatian: topao
• Slovak: teplý (sk)
• Telugu: వెచ్చని (veccani)

caring, of relation to another person

• Armenian: ջերմ (ǰerm)
• Czech: vřelý (cs) m
• Danish: varm (da)
• Dutch: warm (nl)
• Finnish: lämmin (fi)
• French: cordial (fr) m, cordiale (fr) f
• German: warmherzig, fürsorglich
• Hebrew: חם (he) (khám) m, חמה (he) (khamá) f
• Italian: caloroso (it)

• Japanese: 温かい (atatakai)
• Latin: calidus (la), caleo (la) (i am warm)
• Latvian: silts (lv)
• Luxembourgish: waarm (lb), wuarm (lb)
• Malayalam: ഊഷ്മളം (ooshmaLam)
• Polish: ciepły (pl)
• Romanian: apropiat m, apropiată f
• Serbo-Croatian: topao
• Telugu: సాదరంగా, సాదరమైన (saadaraMgaa, saadaramaina)

ardent, zealous

• Finnish: palava (fi)
• French: enflammé (fr) m, enflammée (fr) f
• Italian: ardente (it)

• Polish: żarliwy
• Serbo-Croatian: žarki

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

• Esperanto: varma
• Ido: varma
• Portuguese: morno, quente

See also

• heated
• hot
• steamy
• temperature
• tepid

Etymology 2

From Old English werman

Verb

warm (third-person singular simple present warms, present participle warming, simple past and past participle warmed)

1. (transitive) To make or keep warm.
2. (intransitive) to become warm, to heat up

   My socks are warming by the fire.

3. (intransitive) To increasingly favour.

   He is warming to the idea.

   Her classmates are gradually warming to her.

Derived terms

• like death warmed over

Translations

to make or keep warm

• Czech: ohřát (cs), zahřát (cs)
• Danish: varme (da), opvarme (da), holde (da) varm (da)
• Dutch: opwarmen (nl), verwarmen (nl), warm houden (nl)
• Finnish: lämmittää (fi), lämmitellä (fi)
• French: chauffer (fr), échauffer (fr), réchauffer (fr)
• German: wärmen
• Hebrew: חימם (he) (khimém)
• Italian: riscaldare (it), scaldare (it)
• Japanese: 暖める (atatameru), 温める (atatameru)
• Latin: calefacio (la), calesco (la)
• Latvian: sildīt (lv)
• Lithuanian: šildyti
• Luxembourgish: wiermen (lb)

• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: varme (nb)

  Nynorsk: varme (nn)

• Old French: eschaufer
• Polish: ogrzewać
• Portuguese: aquecer (pt), esquentar (pt)
• Romanian: a încălzi
• Scottish Gaelic: gar (gd)
• Serbo-Croatian: grijati (sh)
• Slovene: greti (sl), ogreti (sl), segreti (sl)
• Spanish: calentar (es)
• ǃXóõ: ǁqhàã (oneself)

to increasingly favour

• Danish: blive interessere (da)t i
• Dutch: warmlopen (nl)
• Finnish: lämmetä (fi)

• Hebrew: נפתח (he) (niftákh)
• Italian: accostarsi a, affezionarsi a
• Japanese: 温める (atatameru)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

• Latin: fovere

Noun

warm (plural warms)

1. (colloquial) The act of warming, or the state of being warmed; a heating.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Dickens to this entry?)

   Shall I give your coffee a warm in the microwave?

Statistics

• Most common English words before 1923: escape · Mr · shot · #927: warm · sufficient · conduct · directly

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Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch warm, from Old Dutch warm, from Proto-Germanic *warmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”) or alternatively *wer- (“to burn”). Compare Low German warm, West Frisian waarm, German warm, English warm, Danish varm.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɑrm
• IPA: /ʋɑr(ə)m/

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

warm (comparative warmer, superlative warmst)

1. warm, hot
2. (meteorology, officially) 20 °C or more

Declension

Declension of warm

		positive	comparative	superlative
				attributive	predicative/adverbial
predicative/adverbial		warm	warmer
neuter singular	indefinite	warm	warmer
	definite	warme	warmere	warmste	warmst, warmste
common singular		warme	warmere	warmste	warmste
plural		warme	warmere	warmste	warmste
partitive		warms	warmers

Antonyms

• koud

Related terms

• tropisch
• zomers

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German

Etymology

From Old High German warm, from Proto-Germanic *warmaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”) or alternatively *wer- (“to burn”). Compare Low German warm, Dutch warm, English warm, West Frisian waarm, Danish varm.

Pronunciation

• IPA: /vaʁm/

• audio (Germany)

  (file)

• audio (Austria)

  (file)

Adjective

warm (comparative wärmer, superlative am wärmsten)

1. warm, hot

Antonyms

• kalt, kühl

Related terms

• Wärme
• wärmen
• Wärmer

Derived terms

• Warmbad
• Warmblüter
• Wärmeenergie
• Warmwasser
• erwärmen
• aufwärmen
• anwärmen
• lauwarm
• brühwarm
• zimmerwarm

Declension

positive forms of warm

gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist warm	sie ist warm	es ist warm	sie sind warm
strong declension (without article)	nominative	warmer	warme	warmes	warme
	genitive	warmen	warmer	warmen	warmer
	dative	warmem	warmer	warmem	warmen
	accusative	warmen	warme	warmes	warme
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der warme	die warme	das warme	die warmen
	genitive	des warmen	der warmen	des warmen	der warmen
	dative	dem warmen	der warmen	dem warmen	den warmen
	accusative	den warmen	die warme	das warme	die warmen
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein warmer	eine warme	ein warmes	(keine) warmen
	genitive	eines warmen	einer warmen	eines warmen	(keiner) warmen
	dative	einem warmen	einer warmen	einem warmen	(keinen) warmen
	accusative	einen warmen	eine warme	ein warmes	(keine) warmen

comparative forms of warm

gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist wärmer	sie ist wärmer	es ist wärmer	sie sind wärmer
strong declension (without article)	nominative	wärmerer	wärmere	wärmeres	wärmere
	genitive	wärmeren	wärmerer	wärmeren	wärmerer
	dative	wärmerem	wärmerer	wärmerem	wärmeren
	accusative	wärmeren	wärmere	wärmeres	wärmere
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der wärmere	die wärmere	das wärmere	die wärmeren
	genitive	des wärmeren	der wärmeren	des wärmeren	der wärmeren
	dative	dem wärmeren	der wärmeren	dem wärmeren	den wärmeren
	accusative	den wärmeren	die wärmere	das wärmere	die wärmeren
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein wärmerer	eine wärmere	ein wärmeres	(keine) wärmeren
	genitive	eines wärmeren	einer wärmeren	eines wärmeren	(keiner) wärmeren
	dative	einem wärmeren	einer wärmeren	einem wärmeren	(keinen) wärmeren
	accusative	einen wärmeren	eine wärmere	ein wärmeres	(keine) wärmeren

superlative forms of warm

gender		singular			plural
		masculine	feminine	neuter	all genders
predicative		er ist am wärmsten	sie ist am wärmsten	es ist am wärmsten	sie sind am wärmsten
strong declension (without article)	nominative	wärmster	wärmste	wärmstes	wärmste
	genitive	wärmsten	wärmster	wärmsten	wärmster
	dative	wärmstem	wärmster	wärmstem	wärmsten
	accusative	wärmsten	wärmste	wärmstes	wärmste
weak declension (with definite article)	nominative	der wärmste	die wärmste	das wärmste	die wärmsten
	genitive	des wärmsten	der wärmsten	des wärmsten	der wärmsten
	dative	dem wärmsten	der wärmsten	dem wärmsten	den wärmsten
	accusative	den wärmsten	die wärmste	das wärmste	die wärmsten
mixed declension (with indefinite article)	nominative	ein wärmster	eine wärmste	ein wärmstes	(keine) wärmsten
	genitive	eines wärmsten	einer wärmsten	eines wärmsten	(keiner) wärmsten
	dative	einem wärmsten	einer wärmsten	einem wärmsten	(keinen) wärmsten
	accusative	einen wärmsten	eine wärmste	ein wärmstes	(keine) wärmsten

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Old High German

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *warmaz, whence also Old Saxon warm, Old English wearm, Old Norse varmr, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃 (warms). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”) or alternatively *wer- (“to burn”).

Adjective

warm

1. warm

Descendants

• German: warm

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Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *warmaz (“warm”), whence also Old English wearm, Old Frisian warm, Old High German warm, Old Norse varmr, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌼𐍃 (warms). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰer- (“warm, hot”) or alternatively *wer- (“to burn”).

Adjective

warm (comparative warmoro, superlative warmost)

1. warm

Declension

Declension of warm

Strong declension
	masculine		neuter		feminine
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	warm	warme	warm	warme	warm	warmu
accusative	warman	warme	warm	warme	warma	warmu
genitive	warmes	warmarō	warmes	warmarō	warmaro	warmarō
dative	warmumu	warmum	warmumu	warmum	warmaro	warmum
Weak declension
	masculine		neuter		feminine
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	warmo	warmu	warma	warmu	warma	warmu
accusative	warmun	warmun	warma	warmun	warmun	warmun
genitive	warmun	warmonō	warmun	warmonō	warmun	warmonō
dative	warmun	warmum	warmun	warmum	warmun	warmum

Descendants

• Low German: warm