حسن

See also: خشن, جشن, and ح س ن

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ح س ن (ḥ s n)
14 terms

Verb

حَسُنَ • (ḥasuna) I (non-past يَحْسُنُ (yaḥsunu), verbal noun حُسْن (ḥusn))

1. to be or become good, to better, to improve

   Antonyms: سَاءَ (sāʔa, “to worsen”), قَبُحَ (qabuḥa)

2. to be or become pleasant or agreeable
   1. (intransitive) to be or become beautiful, to beautify

      Synonym: جَمُلَ (jamula)

      Antonym: قَبُحَ (qabuḥa)

Conjugation

Conjugation of حَسُنَ (I, sound, u ~ u, no passive (?), verbal noun حُسْن)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						حُسْن ḥusn
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						حَسَن ḥasan
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حَسُنْتُ ḥasuntu	حَسُنْتَ ḥasunta	حَسُنَ ḥasuna		حَسُنْتُمَا ḥasuntumā	حَسُنَا ḥasunā		حَسُنَّا ḥasunnā	حَسُنْتُمْ ḥasuntum	حَسُنُوا ḥasunū
	f		حَسُنْتِ ḥasunti	حَسُنَتْ ḥasunat			حَسُنَتَا ḥasunatā			حَسُنْتُنَّ ḥasuntunna	حَسُنَّ ḥasunna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَحْسُنُ ʔaḥsunu	تَحْسُنُ taḥsunu	يَحْسُنُ yaḥsunu		تَحْسُنَانِ taḥsunāni	يَحْسُنَانِ yaḥsunāni		نَحْسُنُ naḥsunu	تَحْسُنُونَ taḥsunūna	يَحْسُنُونَ yaḥsunūna
	f		تَحْسُنِينَ taḥsunīna	تَحْسُنُ taḥsunu			تَحْسُنَانِ taḥsunāni			تَحْسُنَّ taḥsunna	يَحْسُنَّ yaḥsunna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَحْسُنَ ʔaḥsuna	تَحْسُنَ taḥsuna	يَحْسُنَ yaḥsuna		تَحْسُنَا taḥsunā	يَحْسُنَا yaḥsunā		نَحْسُنَ naḥsuna	تَحْسُنُوا taḥsunū	يَحْسُنُوا yaḥsunū
	f		تَحْسُنِي taḥsunī	تَحْسُنَ taḥsuna			تَحْسُنَا taḥsunā			تَحْسُنَّ taḥsunna	يَحْسُنَّ yaḥsunna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَحْسُنْ ʔaḥsun	تَحْسُنْ taḥsun	يَحْسُنْ yaḥsun		تَحْسُنَا taḥsunā	يَحْسُنَا yaḥsunā		نَحْسُنْ naḥsun	تَحْسُنُوا taḥsunū	يَحْسُنُوا yaḥsunū
	f		تَحْسُنِي taḥsunī	تَحْسُنْ taḥsun			تَحْسُنَا taḥsunā			تَحْسُنَّ taḥsunna	يَحْسُنَّ yaḥsunna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُحْسُنْ uḥsun			اُحْسُنَا uḥsunā				اُحْسُنُوا uḥsunū
	f		اُحْسُنِي uḥsunī							اُحْسُنَّ uḥsunna

Etymology 2

Causative form II verb derived from the form I verb حَسُنَ (ḥasuna, “to be good”).

Verb

حَسَّنَ • (ḥassana) II (non-past يُحَسِّنُ (yuḥassinu), verbal noun تَحْسِين (taḥsīn))

1. to improve, to ameliorate, to better, to polish, to embellish
2. to perfect
3. to prettify, to beautify, to adorn, to make attractive
4. to bedeck, to ornament, to decorate, to deck out, to garnish
5. to shape up, tidy up (hair or beard)
6. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) to apply cosmetics, to put on makeup
7. to amend
8. (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) to fake

Conjugation

Conjugation of حَسَّنَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَحْسِين)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَحْسِين taḥsīn
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُحَسِّن muḥassin
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُحَسَّن muḥassan
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حَسَّنْتُ ḥassantu	حَسَّنْتَ ḥassanta	حَسَّنَ ḥassana		حَسَّنْتُمَا ḥassantumā	حَسَّنَا ḥassanā		حَسَّنَّا ḥassannā	حَسَّنْتُمْ ḥassantum	حَسَّنُوا ḥassanū
	f		حَسَّنْتِ ḥassanti	حَسَّنَتْ ḥassanat			حَسَّنَتَا ḥassanatā			حَسَّنْتُنَّ ḥassantunna	حَسَّنَّ ḥassanna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُحَسِّنُ ʔuḥassinu	تُحَسِّنُ tuḥassinu	يُحَسِّنُ yuḥassinu		تُحَسِّنَانِ tuḥassināni	يُحَسِّنَانِ yuḥassināni		نُحَسِّنُ nuḥassinu	تُحَسِّنُونَ tuḥassinūna	يُحَسِّنُونَ yuḥassinūna
	f		تُحَسِّنِينَ tuḥassinīna	تُحَسِّنُ tuḥassinu			تُحَسِّنَانِ tuḥassināni			تُحَسِّنَّ tuḥassinna	يُحَسِّنَّ yuḥassinna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُحَسِّنَ ʔuḥassina	تُحَسِّنَ tuḥassina	يُحَسِّنَ yuḥassina		تُحَسِّنَا tuḥassinā	يُحَسِّنَا yuḥassinā		نُحَسِّنَ nuḥassina	تُحَسِّنُوا tuḥassinū	يُحَسِّنُوا yuḥassinū
	f		تُحَسِّنِي tuḥassinī	تُحَسِّنَ tuḥassina			تُحَسِّنَا tuḥassinā			تُحَسِّنَّ tuḥassinna	يُحَسِّنَّ yuḥassinna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُحَسِّنْ ʔuḥassin	تُحَسِّنْ tuḥassin	يُحَسِّنْ yuḥassin		تُحَسِّنَا tuḥassinā	يُحَسِّنَا yuḥassinā		نُحَسِّنْ nuḥassin	تُحَسِّنُوا tuḥassinū	يُحَسِّنُوا yuḥassinū
	f		تُحَسِّنِي tuḥassinī	تُحَسِّنْ tuḥassin			تُحَسِّنَا tuḥassinā			تُحَسِّنَّ tuḥassinna	يُحَسِّنَّ yuḥassinna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		حَسِّنْ ḥassin			حَسِّنَا ḥassinā				حَسِّنُوا ḥassinū
	f		حَسِّنِي ḥassinī							حَسِّنَّ ḥassinna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حُسِّنْتُ ḥussintu	حُسِّنْتَ ḥussinta	حُسِّنَ ḥussina		حُسِّنْتُمَا ḥussintumā	حُسِّنَا ḥussinā		حُسِّنَّا ḥussinnā	حُسِّنْتُمْ ḥussintum	حُسِّنُوا ḥussinū
	f		حُسِّنْتِ ḥussinti	حُسِّنَتْ ḥussinat			حُسِّنَتَا ḥussinatā			حُسِّنْتُنَّ ḥussintunna	حُسِّنَّ ḥussinna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُحَسَّنُ ʔuḥassanu	تُحَسَّنُ tuḥassanu	يُحَسَّنُ yuḥassanu		تُحَسَّنَانِ tuḥassanāni	يُحَسَّنَانِ yuḥassanāni		نُحَسَّنُ nuḥassanu	تُحَسَّنُونَ tuḥassanūna	يُحَسَّنُونَ yuḥassanūna
	f		تُحَسَّنِينَ tuḥassanīna	تُحَسَّنُ tuḥassanu			تُحَسَّنَانِ tuḥassanāni			تُحَسَّنَّ tuḥassanna	يُحَسَّنَّ yuḥassanna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُحَسَّنَ ʔuḥassana	تُحَسَّنَ tuḥassana	يُحَسَّنَ yuḥassana		تُحَسَّنَا tuḥassanā	يُحَسَّنَا yuḥassanā		نُحَسَّنَ nuḥassana	تُحَسَّنُوا tuḥassanū	يُحَسَّنُوا yuḥassanū
	f		تُحَسَّنِي tuḥassanī	تُحَسَّنَ tuḥassana			تُحَسَّنَا tuḥassanā			تُحَسَّنَّ tuḥassanna	يُحَسَّنَّ yuḥassanna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُحَسَّنْ ʔuḥassan	تُحَسَّنْ tuḥassan	يُحَسَّنْ yuḥassan		تُحَسَّنَا tuḥassanā	يُحَسَّنَا yuḥassanā		نُحَسَّنْ nuḥassan	تُحَسَّنُوا tuḥassanū	يُحَسَّنُوا yuḥassanū
	f		تُحَسَّنِي tuḥassanī	تُحَسَّنْ tuḥassan			تُحَسَّنَا tuḥassanā			تُحَسَّنَّ tuḥassanna	يُحَسَّنَّ yuḥassanna

Related terms

• تَحْسِين (taḥsīn)
• تَحْسِينِيّ (taḥsīniyy, “ameliorative, embellishing”)

Etymology 3

Root
ح س ن (ḥ s n)
14 terms

Noun

حُسْن • (ḥusn) m

1. verbal noun of حَسُنَ (ḥasuna) (form I)
2. goodness
4. prettiness, beauty, loveliness, shapeliness, comeliness, gorgeousness, pulchritude
5. handsomeness
6. charm, charms, glamor
7. glory
8. nicety, fineness, grace, gracefulness, foppery
9. fineness, efficiency, efficacy

Declension

Declension of noun حُسْن (ḥusn)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	حُسْن ḥusn	الْحُسْن al-ḥusn	حُسْن ḥusn
nominative	حُسْنٌ ḥusnun	الْحُسْنُ al-ḥusnu	حُسْنُ ḥusnu
accusative	حُسْنًا ḥusnan	الْحُسْنَ al-ḥusna	حُسْنَ ḥusna
genitive	حُسْنٍ ḥusnin	الْحُسْنِ al-ḥusni	حُسْنِ ḥusni

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: hüsn
• → Turkish: hüsün

Etymology 4

Root
ح س ن (ḥ s n)
14 terms

Pronunciation

•  IPA^(key): /ħa.san/

• Audio:

  (file)

Adjective

حَسَن • (ḥasan) (feminine حَسَنَة (ḥasana), common plural حِسَان (ḥisān), elative أَحْسَن (ʔaḥsan))

1. good, fine, well
2. agreeable, pleasant, nice, well-favored
3. pretty, beautiful, lovely, comely, sightly, shapely, gorgeous, fair
4. handsome, good-looking, magnificent
5. well-turned
6. radiant, glad, charming
7. graceful, fine, dainty
8. okay, all right
9. (hadith) Hasan, acceptable

   Coordinate terms: صَحِيح (ṣaḥīḥ), ضَعِيف (ḍaʕīf), مُتَوَاتِر (mutawātir)

Declension

Declension of adjective حَسَن (ḥasan)

singular	masculine		feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	حَسَن ḥasan	الْحَسَن al-ḥasan	حَسَنَة ḥasana	الْحَسَنَة al-ḥasana
nominative	حَسَنٌ ḥasanun	الْحَسَنُ al-ḥasanu	حَسَنَةٌ ḥasanatun	الْحَسَنَةُ al-ḥasanatu
accusative	حَسَنًا ḥasanan	الْحَسَنَ al-ḥasana	حَسَنَةً ḥasanatan	الْحَسَنَةَ al-ḥasanata
genitive	حَسَنٍ ḥasanin	الْحَسَنِ al-ḥasani	حَسَنَةٍ ḥasanatin	الْحَسَنَةِ al-ḥasanati
dual	masculine		feminine
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	حَسَنَيْن ḥasanayn	الْحَسَنَيْن al-ḥasanayn	حَسَنَتَيْن ḥasanatayn	الْحَسَنَتَيْن al-ḥasanatayn
nominative	حَسَنَانِ ḥasanāni	الْحَسَنَانِ al-ḥasanāni	حَسَنَتَانِ ḥasanatāni	الْحَسَنَتَانِ al-ḥasanatāni
accusative	حَسَنَيْنِ ḥasanayni	الْحَسَنَيْنِ al-ḥasanayni	حَسَنَتَيْنِ ḥasanatayni	الْحَسَنَتَيْنِ al-ḥasanatayni
genitive	حَسَنَيْنِ ḥasanayni	الْحَسَنَيْنِ al-ḥasanayni	حَسَنَتَيْنِ ḥasanatayni	الْحَسَنَتَيْنِ al-ḥasanatayni
plural	masculine		feminine
	basic broken plural triptote		sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural triptote
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
informal	حِسَان ḥisān	الْحِسَان al-ḥisān	حَسَنَات‎; حِسَان ḥasanāt‎; ḥisān	الْحَسَنَات‎; الْحِسَان al-ḥasanāt‎; al-ḥisān
nominative	حِسَانٌ ḥisānun	الْحِسَانُ al-ḥisānu	حَسَنَاتٌ‎; حِسَانٌ ḥasanātun‎; ḥisānun	الْحَسَنَاتُ‎; الْحِسَانُ al-ḥasanātu‎; al-ḥisānu
accusative	حِسَانًا ḥisānan	الْحِسَانَ al-ḥisāna	حَسَنَاتٍ‎; حِسَانًا ḥasanātin‎; ḥisānan	الْحَسَنَاتِ‎; الْحِسَانَ al-ḥasanāti‎; al-ḥisāna
genitive	حِسَانٍ ḥisānin	الْحِسَانِ al-ḥisāni	حَسَنَاتٍ‎; حِسَانٍ ḥasanātin‎; ḥisānin	الْحَسَنَاتِ‎; الْحِسَانِ al-ḥasanāti‎; al-ḥisāni

Proper noun

حَسَن • (ḥasan) m

1. a male given name, Hasan or Hassan
2. (defined) Ḥasan ibn ʕaliyy, the grandson and a revered companion of Muhammad, and the 2nd Shia Imam.

Usage notes

In Classical Arabic, it is one of the given names that can take the definite article اَل (al-): اَلْحَسَن (al-ḥasan)

Declension

Declension of noun حَسَن (ḥasan)

singular	basic singular triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	—	حَسَن ḥasan	—
nominative	—	حَسَنٌ ḥasanun	—
accusative	—	حَسَنًا ḥasanan	—
genitive	—	حَسَنٍ ḥasanin	—

Derived terms

• حَسَنِيّ (ḥasaniyy, “descendant of Ḥasan ibn ʕaliyy”)

Related terms

• حَسَنًا (ḥasanan) (adverb)
• حَسَنَة (ḥasana)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: Həsən
• → Bashkir: Хәсән (Xəsən)
• → Chinese: 哈桑 (Hāsāng) (transliteration)
• → English: Hasan
• → Hausa: Hasan
• → Old Armenian: Հասան (Hasan)
  • Middle Armenian: Հասան (Hasan)
• → Northern Kurdish: Hesen
• → Kazakh: Асан (Asan)
• → Kyrgyz: Асан (Asan)
• → Persian: حسن (hasan)
• → Somali: Xasan
• → Tajik: Ҳасан (Hasan)
• → Turkish: Hasan
• → Uyghur: ھەسەن (hesen)
• → Uzbek: Hasan

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic حُسْن (ḥusn).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [husn]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hʊsn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hʊsn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔʊsn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔusn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [hosn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [husn]

Readings
Classical reading?	husn
Dari reading?	husn
Iranian reading?	hosn
Tajik reading?	husn

Noun

Dari	حسن
Iranian Persian
Tajik	ҳусн

حسن • (hosn) (plural محاسن (mahâsen))

1. goodness, pleasingness; (with the ezâfe) proper, good

   حسن اخلاق ― hosn-e axlâq ― good morals

   حسن اجرای قوانین ― hosn-e ejrâ-ye qavânin ― proper implementation of the laws

2. beauty

   حسن روزافزون ― hosn-e ruz-afzun ― beauty which increases daily

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic حَسَن (ḥasan).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ha.ˈsan]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hä.sǽn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hä.sǽn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔä.sǽn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔä.sǽn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [hæ.sǽn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [hä.sǽn]

Readings
Classical reading?	hasan
Dari reading?	hasan
Iranian reading?	hasan
Tajik reading?	hasan

Proper noun

Dari	حسن
Iranian Persian
Tajik	Ҳасан

حسن • (hasan)

1. Hasan bin Ali
2. a male given name, Hasan or Hassan, from Arabic

Derived terms

• حسنک (hasanak)
• حسنی (hasani)

Adjective

حسن • (hasan)

1. (literary) beautiful, pleasing, good
   • c. 1520, Selim I of the Ottoman Empire, edited by Benedek Péri, The Persian Dīvān of Yavuz Sulṭān Selīm, Budapest, Hungary: Research Centre for the Humanities, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, →ISBN, page 82:

     ای مرا هم روز و هم شب تیره در اندوه تو
     وی ترا رخسار و زلف هر دو بر وجه حسن

     ay ma-rā ham rōz u ham šab tēra dar andōh-i tō
     u-ay tu-rā ruxsār u zulf har dō bar wajh-i hasan

     O you who make both my days and nights dark with grief for you,
     Both your cheeks and your locks of hair are pleasing!

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “حسن”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian حُسْن (husn), from Arabic حُسْن (ḥusn).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Punjabi) IPA^(key): /ɦʊ.sə.nᵊ/
• Rhymes: -ə.nᵊ

Noun

حُسَن • (ḥusan) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਹੁਸਨ)

1. beauty
2. elegance
3. charm

References

• “حسن”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2025

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ح س ن
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic حَسَّنَ (ḥassana).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħas.san/, [ˈħas.san]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

حسّن • (ḥassan) II (present بحسّن (biḥassen))

1. (intransitive) to improve

Conjugation

Conjugation of حسن

		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	حسّنت (ḥassant)	حسّنت (ḥassant)	حسّن (ḥassan)		حسّننا (ḥassanna)	حسّنتو (ḥassantu)	حسّنو (ḥassanu)
	f		حسّنتي (ḥassanti)	حسّنت (ḥassanat)
present	m	بحسّن (baḥassin)	بتحسّن (bitḥassin)	بحسّن (biḥassin)		منحسّن (minḥassin)	بتحسّنو (bitḥassnu)	بحسّنو (biḥassnu)
	f		بتحسّني (bitḥassni)	بتحسّن (bitḥassin)
subjunctive	m	احسّن (aḥassin)	تحسّن (tḥassin)	يحسّن (yḥassin)		نحسّن (nḥassin)	تحسّنو (tḥassnu)	يحسّنو (yḥassnu)
	f		تحسّني (tḥassni)	تحسّن (tḥassin)
imperative	m		حسّن (ḥassin)				حسّنو (ḥassnu)
	f		حسّني (ḥassni)