گل
Bakhtiari
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editCognate with Southern Kurdish گل (gil), Southwestern Fars گل, Persian گله.
Suffix
editگل (gel)
- A suffix forming the plural of an animate noun.
- کرگل مین هونه بین
- korgel meīne howne bīn
- The boys were in the house
Khalaj
editNoun
editگُل (gul) (definite accusative گُلوُ, plural گُللار)
Declension
editLaki
editNoun
editگل (gil)
Mazanderani
editEtymology 1
editCognate to Classical Persian گرزه (garza, “rat”).
Noun
editگل (gal)
Etymology 2
editFrom Persian گل (gol). Displaced native Old Mazanderani ول (*vel).
Noun
editگل (gël)
Persian
editEtymology 1
editFrom late Middle Persian gwl (gul, “rose, flower”), from Old Persian *vr̥dah.
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɡul]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɡ̥ol̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɡul]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | gul |
Dari reading? | gul |
Iranian reading? | gol |
Tajik reading? | gul |
- Rhymes: -ol
Noun
editDari | گُل |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | гул |
- flower
- (archaic, literary) rose
- 940-1020, فردوسی [firdawsī], شهنامه [šahnāma]:
- زن شیر از آن نامه شهریار
چو رخشنده گل شد به وقت بهار- zan-i šēr az ān nāma-yi šahryār
čū raxšanda-gul šud ba waqt-i bahār - (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- zan-i šēr az ān nāma-yi šahryār
- 1325-1389, حافظ [hāfiz], دیوان حافظ [dēwān-i hāfiz]:
- صبحدم مرغ سحر با گل نوخاسته گفت
ناز کم کن که در این باغ بسی چون تو شکفت- subhdam murğ-i čaman bā gul-i nawxāsta guft
nāz kam kun ki dar īn bāğ basē čūn tū šukuft - (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- subhdam murğ-i čaman bā gul-i nawxāsta guft
- the core of a watermelon (which is the sweetest part)
Synonyms
editDerived terms
editDescendants
edit- → Arabic: جُلّ (jull)
- → Azerbaijani: gül
- → Bashkir: гөл (göl)
- → Bengali: গুল (gul)
- → Chagatai:
- → Gilaki: گل (gul)
- → Gujarati: ગુલ (gul)
- → Hindustani:
- → Ishkashimi: gul
- → Kashmiri: गुल (gul)
- → Kazakh: гүл (gül)
- → Khalaj: gul
- → Kyrgyz: гүл (gül)
- → Mandaic: ࡂࡅࡋ
- → Northern Kurdish: gul
- → Ottoman Turkish: گل (gül)
- → Parachi: ګل (gul)
- → Pashto: ګل (gul)
- → Punjabi: ਗੁਲ (gul) / گل (gul)
- → Sanglechi: gɛl
- → Sarikoli: gəl
- → Shahmirzadi: [script needed] (gel)
- → Shughni: гул (gul)
- → Sindhi: گل (gulu)
- → Turkmen: gül
- → Wakhi: gul, gыl
- → Yazghulami: г̊ол (g̊ol)
- → Yidgha: گل (gul)
Etymology 2
edit
From Middle Persian TYNA / gl (gil).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɡil]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɡʲel̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ɡil]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | gil |
Dari reading? | gil |
Iranian reading? | gel |
Tajik reading? | gil |
Noun
editDari | گل |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | гил |
گل • (gel) (plural گلها (gel-hâ))
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- → Gujarati: ગિલ (gil)
References
edit- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “gil”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 36
Etymology 3
editPronunciation
edit- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ɡ̥ol̥]
Readings | |
---|---|
Iranian reading? | gol |
Noun
editDari | گول |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | گل |
Tajik | гол |
گل • (gol) (plural گلها (gol-hâ))
Derived terms
editEtymology 4
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
edit
Readings | |
---|---|
Dari reading? | gul |
Adjective
editگل • (gul) (Dari, colloquial)
Derived terms
edit- گل کردن (gul kardan, “to turn off”)
Punjabi
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Ashokan Prakrit 𑀕𑀮𑀳𑀸 (galahā) (Kalsi), from Sanskrit गर्हा (garhā).
Noun
editگَلّ • (gall) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਗੱਲ)
- saying; conversation (ie. things to say)
- Synonym: بات (bāt)
- matter
Declension
edit2=gallPlease see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
Declension of گل | ||
---|---|---|
dir. sg. | گَلّ (gall) | |
dir. pl. | گَلّاں (gallāṉ) | |
singular | plural | |
direct | گَلّ (gall) | گَلّاں (gallāṉ) |
oblique | گَلّ (gall) | گَلّاں (gallāṉ) |
vocative | گَلّے (galle) | گَلّو (gallo) |
ablative | گَلّوں (galloṉ) | گَلّاں (gallāṉ) |
locative | گَلّی (gallī) | گَلِّیں (galliīṉ) |
instrumental | گَلِّیں (galliīṉ) | گَلّے (galle) |
Etymology 2
editInherited from Prakrit 𑀕𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (gilla), from Ashokan Prakrit *𑀕𑁆𑀭𑀺𑀮𑁆𑀮 (*grilla).
Proper noun
editگِلّ • (gill) m or f (Gurmukhi spelling ਗਿੱਲ)
Further reading
edit- Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “گل”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
- “ਗਿੱਲ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
- “ਗੱਲ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*grilla”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 235
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “garhā”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 218
Sindhi
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Classical Persian گل (gul).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editگُلُ • (gulu) m (Devanagari गुलु)
References
edit- Khānu, Balocu (1960–1988) “گُلُ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Hyderabad, Sindh: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ
Urdu
editEtymology 1
editNoun
editگل • (gal) m (Hindi spelling गल)
Etymology 2
editNoun
editگل • (gal) m (Hindi spelling गल)
Etymology 3
editBorrowed from Classical Persian گل (gil).
Noun
editگل • (gil) f (Hindi spelling गिल)
Etymology 4
editBorrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul).
Noun
editگُل • (gul) m (Hindi spelling गुल)
- flower
- باغوں میں گُل کِھلے ہَیں۔
- bāġõ mẽ gul khile ha͠i.
- Flowers have bloomed in the gardens.
- rose
- گُلِ گُلْزار ― gul-i gulzār ― Rose from the flowerbed
Declension
editDeclension of گل | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
direct | گل (gul) | گل (gul) | ||||||
oblique | گل (gul) | گلوں (gulõ) | ||||||
vocative | گل (gul) | گلو (gulo) |
Derived terms
edit- گلبدن (gulbadan, “having a rosy body”)
- گلدان (guldān, “flowerpot; vase”)
- گلدستہ (guldastā, “bouquet”)
- گلگون (gulgūn, “rose-colored; pink”)
References
edit- Platts, John T. (1884) “گل”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- Bakhtiari lemmas
- Bakhtiari suffixes
- Bakhtiari terms with usage examples
- Khalaj lemmas
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- mzn:Rodents
- mzn:Flowers
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hwerdʰ-
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- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
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- Rhymes:Persian/ol
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- fa:Sports
- fa:Football (soccer)
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- fa:Football
- Punjabi terms derived from Sanskrit
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- Urdu terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hwerdʰ-
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- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Iranian
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- ur:Flowers