का
Bagheli
editEtymology
editFrom Sanskrit किम् (kim). Cognate to Hindi क्या (kyā).
Pronoun
editका (kā)
Hindi
editPronunciation
editEtymology 1
editInherited from Old Hindi का (kā), कौ (kau), केरा (kerā), कर (kara),[1] from Apabhramsa केर (kera) from Prakrit केर (kera), which could be used in conjunction with the genitive case to indicate relation or possession.[2] Ultimately from Sanskrit कार्य (kāryá, “to be done”), whence also काज (kāj, “task”) and कार्य (kārya, “work”). Related to the -रा (-rā) suffix in मेरा (merā), तेरा (terā), etc. Cognate with Nepali -को (-ko), Gujarati કેરું (kerũ), Romani kero, and Old Awadhi केर (kera) / के (ke). See Prakrit केर (kera) for more.
Alternatively, from another derivative of Sanskrit कृ (kṛ, “to do”), like कृत (kṛta, “done”). Dasa also suggests -क (-ka, diminutive suffix).
Postposition
editका • (kā) (Urdu spelling کا)[3][4][5]
- marks the genitive case: -'s, of, belonging to
- part of, originating from
- made of, consisting of
- worth, useful
- (colloquial) marks the prospective case
- (in the oblique) forms compound postpositions
Usage notes
edit- का is a possessive postposition in Hindi to show relationships with people and things, and in many cases it can be translated as a Saxon genitive, as possession would be used in English.
- Some pronoun genitive forms change का into रा, e.x. मेरा (merā, “my”).
- It also forms a large number of compound postpositions such as के साथ (ke sāth, “with”), के पीछे (ke pīche, “behind”), की तरफ़ (kī taraf, “facing”), etc.
Declension
editmasculine | feminine | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | singular | plural | |
direct | का kā |
के ke |
की kī |
की kī |
oblique | के ke |
के ke |
की kī |
की kī |
vocative | के ke |
के ke |
की kī |
की kī |
Etymology 2
editCompare क्या (kyā).
Pronoun
editReferences
edit- ^ Jaroslav Strnad (2013) Morphology and Syntax of Old Hindī : Edition and Analysis of One Hundred Kabīr Vānī Poems From Rājasthān (Brill's Indological Library; 45), Leiden, →OCLC
- ^ Masica, Colin P. (1993) The Indo-Aryan Languages (Cambridge Language Surveys), Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 243
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “का”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
- ^ Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “का”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
- ^ Bahri, Hardev (1989) “का”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Marathi
editAlternative forms
edit- कला (kalā) — East Indian
Etymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
editAdverb
editका • (kā)
Conjunction
editका • (kā)
Particle
editका • (kā)
- final interrogative particle to form a yes-no question
- तुम्ही दिल्लीचे का?
- tumhī dillīce kā?
- Are you from Delhi?
See also
editReferences
edit- Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “का”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “का”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
Pali
editAlternative forms
editPronoun
editका f
- Devanagari script form of kā (“who (f.)”)
Declension
editCase \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | का (kā) | कायो (kāyo) or का (kā) |
Accusative (second) | कं (kaṃ) | कायो (kāyo) or का (kā) |
Instrumental (third) | काय (kāya) | काहि (kāhi) or काभि (kābhi) |
Dative (fourth) | काय (kāya) or कस्सा (kassā) | कासं (kāsaṃ) or कासानं (kāsānaṃ) |
Ablative (fifth) | काय (kāya) | काहि (kāhi) or काभि (kābhi) |
Genitive (sixth) | काय (kāya) or कस्सा (kassā) | कासं (kāsaṃ) or कासानं (kāsānaṃ) |
Locative (seventh) | काय (kāya) or कायं (kāyaṃ) | कासु (kāsu) |
Sanskrit
editAlternative forms
edit- কা (Assamese script)
- ᬓᬵ (Balinese script)
- কা (Bengali script)
- 𑰎𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀓𑀸 (Brahmi script)
- ကာ (Burmese script)
- કા (Gujarati script)
- ਕਾ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌕𑌾 (Grantha script)
- ꦏꦴ (Javanese script)
- 𑂍𑂰 (Kaithi script)
- ಕಾ (Kannada script)
- កា (Khmer script)
- ກາ (Lao script)
- കാ (Malayalam script)
- ᡬᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
- 𑘎𑘰 (Modi script)
- ᢉᠠᠠ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦮𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐎𑐵 (Newa script)
- କା (Odia script)
- ꢒꢵ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆑𑆳 (Sharada script)
- 𑖎𑖯 (Siddham script)
- කා (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩜𑩛 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚊𑚭 (Takri script)
- கா (Tamil script)
- కా (Telugu script)
- กา (Thai script)
- ཀཱ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒏𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨋𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)
Pronoun
editका • (kā)
- (interrogative) inflection of किम् (kim, “who”):
- nominative singular feminine
- sandhi form of nominative/accusative plural feminine
Sheshi Kham
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editUltimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-kʷəj-n.
Pronunciation
editNoun
editका (transliteration needed)
Yamphu
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka.
Pronunciation
editPronoun
editका (kā)
References
edit- “का”, in याम्फु - नेपाली - अङ्ग्रेजी शब्दकोश (Yamphu - Nepali - English Dictionary), Nepal: SIL International, 2019.
- Bagheli terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Bagheli terms derived from Sanskrit
- Bagheli lemmas
- Bagheli pronouns
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Aryan
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from the Sanskrit root कृ
- Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷer-
- Hindi terms inherited from Old Hindi
- Hindi terms derived from Old Hindi
- Hindi terms inherited from Apabhramsa
- Hindi terms derived from Apabhramsa
- Hindi terms inherited from Prakrit
- Hindi terms derived from Prakrit
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- Sheshi Kham terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Sheshi Kham terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Sheshi Kham terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Yamphu terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
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- Yamphu terms with IPA pronunciation
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