श्री

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit श्री (śrī).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʃɾiː/

Noun

श्री • (śrī) m (Urdu spelling سری or شری)

1. (honorific) sir, lord, mister

   श्री राम ― śrī rām ― Lord Rama

2. light, lustre, radiance, splendour, glory, beauty, grace, loveliness

Declension

Declension of श्री (masc ī-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	श्री śrī	श्री śrī
oblique	श्री śrī	श्रियों śriyõ
vocative	श्री śrī	श्रियो śriyo

Proper noun

रागमाला में राग श्री

श्री • (śrī) m

1. (Indian classical music) a Hindustani sunset raga of the Purvi thaat
2. (Indian classical music) a Carnatic raga: incomplete, vakra, and derivative of खरहरप्रिय (kharahrapriya)

Marathi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕɾi/, [ɕɾiː]

Prefix

श्री • (śrī-)

1. (honorific) sir, lord, mister

Nepali

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sri]
• Phonetic Devanagari: स्रि

Prefix

श्री • (śrī-)

1. (honorific) sir, lord, master

Sanskrit

A common ligature for Śrī (श्री)

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• শ্ৰী (Assamese script)
• ᬰ᭄ᬭᬷ (Balinese script)
• শ্রী (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰿𑰨𑰱 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑁆𑀭𑀻 (Brahmi script)
• ၐြီ (Burmese script)
• શ્રી (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼੍ਰੀ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍍𑌰𑍀 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦿꦷ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂹𑂩𑂲 (Kaithi script)
• ಶ್ರೀ (Kannada script)
• ឝ្រី (Khmer script)
• ຨ຺ຣີ (Lao script)
• ശ്രീ (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᡵᡳᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘿𑘨𑘲 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠷᠢᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧠𑧈𑧓 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑑂𑐬𑐷 (Newa script)
• ଶ୍ରୀ (Odia script)
• ꢯ꣄ꢬꢷ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑇀𑆫𑆵 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖿𑖨𑖱 (Siddham script)
• ශ්‍රී (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿 𑪙𑩼𑩑𑩛 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚶𑚤𑚯 (Takri script)
• ஶ்ரீ (Tamil script)
• శ్రీ (Telugu script)
• ศฺรี (Thai script)
• ཤྲཱི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑓂𑒩𑒲 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑩇𑨫𑨁𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɾíː/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ɕɾiː/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *śriHrás with apocopation, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćriHrás. Compare Avestan 𐬯𐬭𐬍𐬭𐬀 (srīra). Doublet of श्रील (śrīlá).

Adjective

श्री • (śrī́) stem

1. diffusing light or radiance, splendid, radiant, beautifying, adorning

Noun

श्री • (śrī́) stem, f

1. light, lustre, radiance, splendour, glory, beauty, grace, loveliness
2. prosperity, welfare, good fortune, success, auspiciousness, wealth, treasure, riches
3. symbol or insignia of royalty

Declension

Feminine ī-stem declension of श्री (śrī́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	श्रीः śrī́ḥ	श्रियौ śríyau	श्रियः śríyaḥ
Vocative	श्रीः śrī́ḥ	श्रियौ śríyau	श्रियः śríyaḥ
Accusative	श्रियम् śríyam	श्रियौ śríyau	श्रियः śríyaḥ
Instrumental	श्रिया śriyā́	श्रीभ्याम् śrībhyā́m	श्रीभिः śrībhíḥ
Dative	श्रिये / श्रियै¹ śriyé / śriyaí¹	श्रीभ्याम् śrībhyā́m	श्रीभ्यः śrībhyáḥ
Ablative	श्रियः / श्रियाः¹ / श्रियै² śriyáḥ / śriyā́ḥ¹ / śriyaí²	श्रीभ्याम् śrībhyā́m	श्रीभ्यः śrībhyáḥ
Genitive	श्रियः / श्रियाः¹ / श्रियै² śriyáḥ / śriyā́ḥ¹ / śriyaí²	श्रियोः śriyóḥ	श्रियाम् / श्रीणाम्¹ śriyā́m / śrīṇā́m¹
Locative	श्रियि / श्रियाम्¹ śriyí / śriyā́m¹	श्रियोः śriyóḥ	श्रीषु śrīṣú
Notes	¹Later Sanskrit ²Brāhmaṇas

Prefix

श्री • (śrī)

1. honorific prefix appended to certain names to mean "sacred" or "holy"

   e.g. श्रीदुर्गा (śrī-durgā), श्रीराम (śrī-rāma)

2. used as a respectful title (like "Reverend") to the names of eminent persons as well as of celebrated works and sacred objects

   e.g. श्रीजयदेव (śrī-jayadeva)

Usage notes

This prefix may be repeated two, three, or even four times to express excessive veneration (e.g. श्रीश्रीदुर्गा (śrī-śrī-durgā) etc.). It is often placed at the beginning or back of letters, manuscripts, important documents etc., before the words चरण (caraṇa) and पाद (pāda, “feet”), and even the end of personal names.

Descendants

• → Assamese: শ্রী
• → Bengali: শ্রী (sri)
• → Burmese: သီရိ (siri.)
• → Gujarati: શ્રી (śrī)
• → Hindi: श्री (śrī)
• → Old Javanese: śrī
  • > Javanese: ꦱꦿꦶ (sri) (inherited)
  • → Balinese: ᬰ᭄ᬭᬶ (sri)
  • • Indonesian: sri
• → Kannada: ಶ್ರೀ (śrī)
• → Khmer: ស្រី (srəy), សិរី (serəy)
• → Malay: seri
• → Malayalam: ശ്രീ (śrī)
• → Marathi: श्री (śrī)
• → Nepali: श्री (śrī)
• → Old Tamil: 𑀢𑀺𑀭𑀼 (tiru)
  • Malayalam: തിരു (tiru)
  • Tamil: திரு (tiru)
• → Odia: ଶ୍ରୀ (śri)
• → Punjabi: شری (śrī), ਸ਼੍ਰੀ (śrī)
• → Sinhalese: ශ්‍රී (śrī)
• → Tamil: ஶ்ரீ (śrī)
• → Telugu: శ్రీ (śrī)
• → Thai: ศรี (sǐi)
• → Urdu: سری (srī)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂- (“to mix”). Cognate with Ancient Greek κεράννυμι (keránnumi, “mix, blend”), κρᾱτήρ (krātḗr, “mixing bowl, cup-shaped basin; crater”); English rear.

Root

श्री • (śrī)

1. to mix, mingle, cook
2. to burn, flame, diffuse light

Derived terms

• श्रीणाति (śrīṇā́ti)
• श्रीणीते (śrīṇīté)

 

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “श्री”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1098.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “श्री”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 179
• Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “श्री”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016

• Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 258, 259
• Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 328
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) chapter 0582, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 0582