交易

Chinese

Pronunciation 1

		to deliver; to turn over; to make friends to deliver; to turn over; to make friends; to intersect (lines); to pay (money)	change; easy; simple
simp. and trad. (交易)		交	易

Mandarin
(Pinyin): jiāoyì

(Zhuyin): ㄐㄧㄠㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gaau¹ jik⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kâu-yi̍t / kâu-yi
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): kau-e̍k / kau-ia̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): gao¹ êg⁸
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹ciau-yiq

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
  - Hanyu Pinyin: jiāoyì
  - Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄠㄧˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jiaoyì
  - Wade–Giles: chiao¹-i⁴
  - Yale: jyāu-yì
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiauyih
  - Palladius: цзяои (czjaoi)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ i⁵¹/
  - Homophones:
    [Show/Hide]
    ^edit
    ^edit
    交易
    交誼／交谊
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gaau¹ jik⁶
  - Yale: gāau yihk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gaau¹ jik⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gao¹ yig⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kaːu̯⁵⁵ jɪk̚²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâu-yi̍t / kâu-yi
  - Hakka Romanization System: gau´ id / gau´ i
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gau¹ yid⁶ / gau¹ yi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ it̚⁵/, /kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ i⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâu-yi̍t / kâu-yi
  - Hakka Romanization System: gau´ (r)id / gau´ (r)i
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gau¹ yid⁶ / gau¹ yi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)it̚⁵/, /kau̯²⁴⁻¹¹ (j)i⁵⁵/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau-e̍k
  - Tâi-lô: kau-i̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kau'ek
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² iɪk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kau⁴⁴⁻²² iɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kau⁴⁴⁻³³ iɪk̚⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kau-ia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: kau-ia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kau'iak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kau³³ iak̚²⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gao¹ êg⁸
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kau e̍k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kau³³⁻²³ ek̚⁴/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹ciau-yiq
  - MiniDict: ciau^平 yih
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹jiau-hhiq
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ ɦiɪʔ²¹/

Verb

交易

to trade; to transact; to make a business deal
在交易所上進行交易 [MSC, trad.]
在交易所上进行交易 [MSC, simp.]
zài jiāoyìsuǒ shàng jìnxíng jiāoyì [Pinyin]
to trade on an exchange

Synonyms

做生意 (zuò shēngyi)
做生理 (Hokkien, Teochew, Hakka)
做買賣／做买卖 (zuò mǎimài)
吃生意飯／吃生意饭 (⁷chiq ¹san-i-ve) (Wu)
吃生意飯／吃生意饭 (⁷chiq ¹san-i-ve) (Shanghainese)
商販／商贩 (shāngfàn) (Classical Chinese)
從商／从商 (cóngshāng)
營商／营商 (yíngshāng)
經商／经商 (jīngshāng)
行商 (xíngshāng)

Noun

交易

(countable) trade; transaction; business deal (Classifier: 筆／笔 m)
進行交易／进行交易 ― jìnxíng jiāoyì ― to conduct a transaction; to strike a deal

收取交易手續費／收取交易手续费 ― shōuqǔ jiāoyì shǒuxùfèi ― to charge a transaction fee

交易驗證／交易验证 ― jiāoyì yànzhèng ― transaction verification
(uncountable) trading; trade
證券交易價格／证券交易价格 ― zhèngquàn jiāoyì jiàgé ― trade prices of securities

期貨交易／期货交易 ― qīhuò jiāoyì ― futures trading

非法野生動物交易 [MSC, trad.]
非法野生动物交易 [MSC, simp.]
fēifǎ yěshēng dòngwù jiāoyì [Pinyin]
illegal wildlife trade

Synonyms

(transaction): 買賣／买卖 (mǎimài)
(trading):

商務／商务 (shāngwù)
商業／商业 (shāngyè)
業務／业务 (yèwù)
生意
生理 (shēnglǐ) (literary or Hakka, Min)
買賣／买卖 (mǎimài)

Derived terms

交易所 (jiāoyìsuǒ)
交易會／交易会
交易量 (jiāoyìliàng)
交易額／交易额
內幕交易／内幕交易 (nèimù jiāoyì)
內線交易／内线交易 (nèixiàn jiāoyì)
內部交易／内部交易 (nèibù jiāoyì)
權錢交易／权钱交易 (quánqián jiāoyì)
碳排放交易 (tàn páifàng jiāoyì)
碳排放權交易／碳排放权交易 (tàn páifàngquán jiāoyì)

Related terms

貿易／贸易 (màoyì)

Pronunciation 2

		to deliver; to turn over; to make friends to deliver; to turn over; to make friends; to intersect (lines); to pay (money)	change; easy; simple
simp. and trad. (交易)		交	易
alternative forms		交頁／交页交驛／交驿加驛／加驿

Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): ka-ia̍h

Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ka-ia̍h
  - Tâi-lô: ka-ia̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ka'iah
  - IPA (Xiamen): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² iaʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ka⁴⁴⁻³³ iaʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /ka⁴⁴⁻²² iaʔ¹²¹/

Adjective

交易 (Hokkien)

(of a business) flourishing; prosperous
(of a product) popular; having good sales

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
交	易
こう Grade: 2	えき Grade: 5
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 交易 (MC kaew yek). The kan'on reading, which usually indicates a later borrowing. However, this reading appears earlier in the historical record, and is first cited to a text from 718 CE.^[1]

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) こーえき [kòóékí] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
IPA^(key): [ko̞ːe̞kʲi]

Noun

交(こう)易(えき) • (kōeki) ^{←かうえき (kaueki)^?}

trade, transaction

Verb

交(こう)易(えき)する • (kōeki suru) ^{←かうえき (kaueki)^?}transitive suru (stem 交(こう)易(えき)し (kōeki shi), past 交(こう)易(えき)した (kōeki shita))

to trade, to engage in trade, particularly internationally

Conjugation

Conjugation of "交易する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	交易し	こうえきし	kōeki shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	交易し	こうえきし	kōeki shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	交易する	こうえきする	kōeki suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	交易する	こうえきする	kōeki suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	交易すれ	こうえきすれ	kōeki sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	交易せよ¹ 交易しろ²	こうえきせよ¹ こうえきしろ²	kōeki seyo¹ kōeki shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	交易される	こうえきされる	kōeki sareru
Causative	交易させる交易さす	こうえきさせるこうえきさす	kōeki saseru kōeki sasu
Potential	交易できる	こうえきできる	kōeki dekiru
Volitional	交易しよう	こうえきしよう	kōeki shiyō
Negative	交易しない	こうえきしない	kōeki shinai
Negative continuative	交易せず	こうえきせず	kōeki sezu
Formal	交易します	こうえきします	kōeki shimasu
Perfective	交易した	こうえきした	kōeki shita
Conjunctive	交易して	こうえきして	kōeki shite
Hypothetical conditional	交易すれば	こうえきすれば	kōeki sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
交	易
きょう Grade: 2	やく Grade: 5
goon

From Middle Chinese 交易 (MC kaew yek). The goon reading, which usually indicates an earlier borrowing. However, in this case, this reading is only cited to the Muromachi period, several centuries later than the kan'on reading kōeki.^[1] This reading may instead have arisen as a hypercorrection or deliberate archaism.

This reading appears to be obsolete.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kʲo̞ːja̠kɯ̟]

Noun

交(きょう)易(やく) • (kyōyaku) ^{←けうやく (keuyaku)^?}

(rare, obsolete) trade, transaction

Verb

交(きょう)易(やく)する • (kyōyaku suru) ^{←けうやく (keuyaku)^?}transitive suru (stem 交(きょう)易(やく)し (kyōyaku shi), past 交(きょう)易(やく)した (kyōyaku shita))

(rare, obsolete) to trade, to engage in trade, particularly internationally

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja in this term
交	易

Noun

交易 • (gyoyeok) (hangeul 교역)

hanja form^? of 교역 (“trade; commerce”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
交	易

Verb

交易

chữ Hán form of giao dịch (“to trade; to exchange; to deal”).

[KDJ-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

[2]