易

See also: 昜

易	U+6613, 易 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6613

← 昒
[U+6612]

CJK Unified Ideographs

昔 →
[U+6614]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

易 (radical 72, 日+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 日心竹竹 (APHH), four-corner 6022₇, composition ⿱日勿)

Derived charactersEdit

蜴賜

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 492, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13814
Dae Jaweon: page 854, character 8
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1494, character 1
Unihan data for U+6613

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 易
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu Slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (易) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
賜	*sleːɡs
儩	*sleɡs
舓	*ɦljeʔ
易	leːɡs, leɡ
敡	*leɡs
鬄	*sljeɡ
睗	*hljeɡ
晹	*hljeɡ
痬	*leɡ
蜴	*leɡ
埸	*leɡ
逷	*l̥ʰeːɡ
剔	*l̥ʰeːɡ
踢	*tʰeːɡ
惕	*l̥ʰeːɡ
錫	*sleːɡ
裼	*sleːɡ
緆	*sleːɡ

Oracle bone and bronze inscriptions: original form of 賜 (OC *sleːɡs, “to confer, to bestow”); specialised from 益 (OC *qleɡ, “to benefit”).

Shuowen: pictogram (象形), original form of 蜴 (OC *leɡ, “lizard”).

Etymology 1Edit

simp. and trad.		易

From 移 (OC *lal, “to change; to alter”) + k-extension (Schuessler, 2007).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jik⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yi̍t
Min Dong (BUC): ĭk
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): e̍k / ia̍k / ia̍h

(Teochew, Peng'im): êg⁸ / iah⁸
Wu (Wiktionary): hhiq (T5)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jik⁶
  - Yale: yihk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jik⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yig⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /jɪk̚²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: id
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yid⁶
  - IPA: /it̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)id
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yid⁶
  - IPA: /(j)it̚⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭk
  - IPA ^(key): /iʔ⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: e̍k
  - Tâi-lô: i̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ek
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
  - Tâi-lô: ia̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iak
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iak̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍h
  - Tâi-lô: ia̍h
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iah
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iaʔ²⁴/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iaʔ⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iaʔ¹²¹/

Note:

e̍k/ia̍k - literary;
ia̍h - colloquial (only as a surname or when referring to 易經).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: êg⁸ / iah⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: e̍k / ia̍h
- IPA ^(key): /ek̚⁴/, /iaʔ⁴/

Note:

êg8 - literary;
iah8 - colloquial (only as a surname or when referring to 易經).

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: hhiq (T5)
- IPA ^(key): /ɦi̯ɪʔ¹²/

Middle Chinese: /jiᴇk̚/▼

Rime
Character	易
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	羊益切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiajk̚/
Li Rong	/iɛk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭɛk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lek/

(Zhengzhang): /*leɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	易
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ yek ›
Old Chinese	/*lek/
English	change; exchange
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	易
Reading #	2/2
No.	15034
Phonetic component	易
Rime group	錫
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	繹
Old Chinese	/*leɡ/
Notes	甲文象斟酒，表易器而賜

DefinitionsEdit

易

to exchange; to interchange
to change; to alter; to modify
Short for 易經／易经 (Yìjīng, “I Ching”).
A surname.

Etymology 2Edit

simp. and trad.		易

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lwa(ː)j (“easy”). Cognate with Burmese လွယ် (lwai, “easy”).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yì (yi⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄧˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yi
Min Dong (BUC): ê
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): ī

(Teochew, Peng'im): i⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): hhi (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yì
  - Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
  - Wade–Giles: i⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
  - IPA ^(key): /i⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: ji⁶
  - Yale: yih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: yi⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /jiː²²/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
  - Hakka Romanization System: i
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi⁴
  - IPA: /i⁵⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)i
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yi⁴
  - IPA: /(j)i⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ê
  - IPA ^(key): /ɛi²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ī
  - Tâi-lô: ī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: i
  - IPA (Xiamen): /i²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /i⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /i²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /i³³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /i³³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: i⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ĭ
  - IPA ^(key): /i³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: hhi (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /ɦi²³/

Middle Chinese: /jiᴇ^H/▼

Rime
Character	易
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	以豉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiᴇ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɛ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/jɛ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jiə̆^H/
Li Rong	/ie^H/
Wang Li	/jǐe^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ie̯^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yì

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*lek-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*leːɡs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	易
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yì
Middle Chinese	‹ ye^H ›
Old Chinese	/*lek-s/
English	easy
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	易
Reading #	1/2
No.	15029
Phonetic component	易
Rime group	賜
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	易
Old Chinese	/*leːɡs/

DefinitionsEdit

易

Etymology 3Edit

simp. and trad.		易
variant forms		噲／哙

This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

PronunciationEdit

Min Dong (BUC): giê
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kōe

(Teochew, Peng'im): goi⁷ / ghoi⁷

Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: giê
  - IPA ^(key): /kiɛ²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kōe
  - Tâi-lô: kuē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koe
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kue²²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kue⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: goi⁷ / ghoi⁷
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kōi / gōi
  - IPA ^(key): /koi¹¹/, /ɡoi¹¹/

DefinitionsEdit

易

(Min) easy; not difficult

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 易

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

Go-on: い (i, Jōyō); やく (yaku)
Kan-on: い (i, Jōyō); えき (eki, Jōyō)
Kun: おさめる (osameru, 易める); やさしい (yasashii, 易しい, Jōyō); かえる (kaeru, 易える)

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
易
えき Grade: 5
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 易 (MC jiᴇk̚).

The kan'on, so likely a later borrowing.

PronunciationEdit

(Tokyo) えき [èkí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [e̞kʲi]

NounEdit

易 (hiragana えき, rōmaji eki)

divination; fortune-telling

SynonymsEdit

Proper nounEdit

易 (hiragana えき, rōmaji Eki)

Short for 易経 (Ekikyō, “I Ching (Chinese classic text)”).

AffixEdit

易 (hiragana えき, rōmaji eki)

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
易
い Grade: 5
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 易 (MC jiᴇ^H).

PronunciationEdit

(Tokyo) い [íꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [i]

NounEdit

易 (hiragana い, rōmaji i)

something easy to do; easiness

AffixEdit

易 (hiragana い, rōmaji i)

easy; simple

ReferencesEdit

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

易 • (yeok, i) (hangeul 역, 이, revised yeok, i, McCune–Reischauer yŏk, i, Yale yek, i)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

易 (dịch, dể, dễ, di, diệc, dẻ, dẹ, dị, dịu, rẻ, rể)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] 1.0 ^1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]

易

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

ChineseEdit

Glyph originEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

PronunciationEdit

DefinitionsEdit

CompoundsEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

SynonymsEdit

Proper nounEdit

AffixEdit

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

AffixEdit

ReferencesEdit

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit