南風

Chinese

		south	wind; news; style wind; news; style; custom; manner
trad. (南風)		南	風
simp. (南风)		南	风

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nánfēng

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄢˊ ㄈㄥ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): naam⁴ fung¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): nam¹ fuung¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): nàm-fûng

  (Meixian, Guangdong): nam² fung¹

• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): lâm-hong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): lam⁵ huang¹

• Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶noe-fon₁ / ²noe-fon₁

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: nánfēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄢˊ ㄈㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nánfong
    • Wade–Giles: nan²-fêng¹
    • Yale: nán-fēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nanfeng
    • Palladius: наньфэн (nanʹfɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nän³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: naam⁴ fung¹
    • Yale: nàahm fūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: naam⁴ fung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: nam⁴ fung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /naːm²¹ fʊŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: nam¹ fuung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ⁿdam³³ fɵŋ³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: nàm-fûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: nam^ˇ fung^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: nam² fung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹ fuŋ²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: nam² fung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /nam¹¹ fʊŋ⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lâm-hong
    • Tâi-lô: lâm-hong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: lamhofng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /lam²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /lam²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: lam⁵ huang¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lâm huang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huaŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶noe-fon₁
    • MiniDict: noe^去 fon^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³noe-fon₁
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /nø²² foŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Northern: Suzhou)
    • Wugniu: ²noe-fon₁
    • MiniDict: noe^平 fon^平
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /nø²² foŋ³³/

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• Middle Chinese: nom pjuwng

Rime
Character	南	風
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	覃 (159)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	那含切	方戎切
Baxter	nom	pjuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nʌm/	/pɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/nəm/	/piuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/nɒm/	/piuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nəm/	/puwŋ/
Li Rong	/nᴀm/	/piuŋ/
Wang Li	/nɒm/	/pĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/năm/	/pi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nán	fēng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	naam4	fung1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*nˤ[ə]m  prəm/

  (Zhengzhang): /*nuːm  plum/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	南	風
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nán	fēng
Middle Chinese	‹ nom ›	‹ pjuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*nˁ[ə]m/	/*prəm/
English	south	wind (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	南	風
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	9355	2921
Phonetic component	南	凡
Rime group	侵	侵
Rime subdivision	2	3
Corresponding MC rime	南	風
Old Chinese	/*nuːm/	/*plum/

Noun

南風

1. southerly; south wind (a persistent wind from the south)
2. music from the South
3. (archaic) male homosexuality
4. (mahjong) South Wind

Derived terms

• 南風不競／南风不竞

 

Proper noun

南風

1. Nanfeng (a song supposedly written by Emperor Shun)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
南	風
なん Grade: 2	ふう > ぷう Grade: 2
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 南風 (MC nom pjuwng).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) なんぷう [nàńpúú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [nã̠mpɯ̟ː]

Noun

南(なん)風(ぷう) • (nanpū) 

1. south wind, southerly

   Synonyms: 凱風 (gaifū), 南 (minami)

   Antonym: 北風 (hokufū)

2. wind blowing in summer

Idioms

• 南風(なんぷう)競(きそ)わず (nanpū kisowazu)

Proper noun

南(なん)風(ぷう) • (Nanpū) 

1. a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
南	風
みなみ Grade: 2	かぜ Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Compound of 南(みなみ) (minami, “south”) + 風(かぜ) (kaze, “wind”).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) みなみかぜ [mìnámíkázé] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [mʲina̠mʲika̠ze̞]

Noun

南(みなみ)風(かぜ) • (minamikaze) 

1. south wind, southerly

   Synonym: 南 (minami)

   Antonym: 北風 (kitakaze)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
南	風
Grade: 2	Grade: 2
irregular

For pronunciation and definitions of 南風 – see the following entry.

【はえ】 [noun] (regional) south wind, southerly [proper noun] a surname

(This term, 南風, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)