See also: 天灾

Chinese

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day; sky; heaven disaster; calamity
trad. (天災)
simp. (天灾)

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (6) (13)
Final () (85) (41)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () IV I
Fanqie
Baxter then tsoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/tʰen/ /t͡sʌi/
Pan
Wuyun
/tʰen/ /t͡səi/
Shao
Rongfen
/tʰɛn/ /t͡sɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tʰɛn/ /t͡səj/
Li
Rong
/tʰen/ /t͡sᴀi/
Wang
Li
/tʰien/ /t͡sɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tʰien/ /t͡sɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
tiān zāi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
tin1 zoi1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
tiān xiān zāi
Middle
Chinese
‹ then › ‹ xen › ‹ tsoj ›
Old
Chinese
/*l̥ˁi[n]/ /*l̥ˁi[n]/ (W dialect: l̥ˁ- > Hàn-time *xˁ- > MC x-) /*[ts]ˁə/
English heaven heaven calamity

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 12387 16487
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qʰl'iːn/ /*ʔslɯː/
Notes

Noun

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天災

  1. natural disaster; act of God (Classifier: ; ; )

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (天災):

Japanese

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Kanji in this term
てん
Grade: 1
さい
Grade: 5
on'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(てん)(さい) (tensai

  1. natural disaster
    • 2015 September 14, Kaori Shoji, “When disaster strikes in Japan, keep calm and carry a diaper”, in The Japan Times[1], retrieved 2023-04-11:
      The Japanese disaster comes in many forms, and saigai include tensai (天災, literally, heaven-sent disasters — i.e., natural ones) [...]

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN