挑達

Chinese

		incite; carry on a pole; choose	attain; pass through; achieve attain; pass through; achieve; reach; realize; clear; inform; notify; dignity
trad. (挑達)		挑	達
simp. (挑达)		挑	达
alternative forms		挑撻／挑挞 挑闥／挑闼

Etymology

From the Classic of Poetry, poem 91 (《詩經·鄭風·子衿》):

挑兮達兮，在城闕兮。一日不見，如三月兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]

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挑兮达兮，在城阙兮。一日不见，如三月兮。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Táo xī tà xī, zài chéng què xī. Yí rì bú jiàn, rú sān yuè xī. [Pinyin]

I walk back and forth, on the watchtower of the city. A day without seeing him, is like three months.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tāotà, tāodá, táotà

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄠ ㄊㄚˋ, ㄊㄠ ㄉㄚˊ, ㄊㄠˊ ㄊㄚˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tāotà
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄠ ㄊㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: taotà
    • Wade–Giles: tʻao¹-tʻa⁴
    • Yale: tāu-tà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tautah
    • Palladius: таота (taota)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰä⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tāodá
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄠ ㄉㄚˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: taodá
    • Wade–Giles: tʻao¹-ta²
    • Yale: tāu-dá
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taudar
    • Palladius: таода (taoda)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tä³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: táotà
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄠˊ ㄊㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: táotà
    • Wade–Giles: tʻao²-tʻa⁴
    • Yale: táu-tà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: taurtah
    • Palladius: таота (taota)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰä⁵¹/

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• Middle Chinese: thaw that|dat

Rime
Character	挑	達	達
Reading #	2/3	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	透 (6)	透 (6)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	寒 (63)	寒 (63)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I
Fanqie	土刀切	他達切	唐割切
Baxter	thaw	that	dat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰɑu/	/tʰɑt̚/	/dɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰɑu/	/tʰɑt̚/	/dɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɑu/	/tʰɑt̚/	/dɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰaw/	/tʰat̚/	/dat̚/
Li Rong	/tʰɑu/	/tʰɑt̚/	/dɑt̚/
Wang Li	/tʰɑu/	/tʰɑt̚/	/dɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰɑu/	/tʰɑt̚/	/dʱɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tāo	ta	dá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tou1	taat3	daat6

Adjective

挑達

1. (literary) walking back and forth; coming and going
2. (literary) frivolous; unrestrained

Synonyms

• (frivolous):
  • 佻達／佻达 (tiāotà)
  • 佻㒓／佻𠉂 (tiāotà)