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一

一 U+4E00, 一
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E00
← ䷿
[U+4DFF]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 丁 →
[U+4E01]
See also: ‐, – [U+2013 EN DASH], - [U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS], − [U+2212 MINUS SIGN], — [U+2014 EM DASH], ー [U+30FC KATAKANA-HIRAGANA PROLONGED SOUND MARK], 丨 [U+4E28 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E28], ㄧ [U+3127 BOPOMOFO LETTER I], and 亠 [U+4EA0 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EA0]
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Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 

Alternative formsEdit

Han characterEdit

 
See images of
Radical 1 一

一 (radical 1 一+0, 1 stroke, cangjie input 一 (M), four-corner 10000)

  1. Kangxi radical #1, ⼀ (“one”).
  2. Shuōwén Jiězì radical №1

DescendantsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 75, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1
  • Dae Jaweon: page 129, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 1, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+4E00

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 一
alt. forms 壹 financial
弌

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 一
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
         
Oracle bone script
 

j00001
 

j00002
Bronze inscriptions
 

B00001
 

B00002
 

B00003
 

B00004
 

B00005
 

B00006
 

B00007
 

B00008
 

B00009
 

B00010
 

B00011
 

B00012
 

B00013
 

B00014
 

B00015
Large seal script
 

L25931
 

L25932
 

L25933
 

L25934
Small seal script
 

s00001
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (large seal) and
  • Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (一) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
一 *qliɡ
弌 *qliɡ

A horizontal stroke, indicating the number one.

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔit. Descendants from the *ʔit etymon account for the majority of the dialectal forms for ONE in Chinese (Mandarin, Jin, Gan, Hakka, Hui, Xiang, Yue groups, etc.).

In Min, an additional unrelated form is found and used as the colloquial reading for ONE. Compare:

Fuzhou/Fuding suoʔ8, Fuqing θyo8, Gutian syøʔ8, Ningde søʔ8, Zhouning sɔʔ8, Putian ɬoʔ8, Xiamen/Quanzhou/Yongchun/Zhangzhou tsit̚8, Leizhou/Haikou ziak8, Longyan tse4, Youxiu ɕie7, Jian'ou/Songxi tsi5, Jianyang tsi8, Jian'ou tsi5.

Whether all of the forms above are related and their origins remain unelucidated; they may be derived from 蜀 (cf. 獨 (“single, alone”)), 隻 (< *tjak ~ g-t(j)ik) or 禃.

Some Min Zhong dialects use 個 and 寡 for ONE.

PronunciationEdit

Note: Pronounced 幺 (yāo) when spelling phone number, one on dice or dominoes. Subject to retrograde tone sandhi.
Note:
  • siŏh - colloquial;
  • ék - literary.
Note:
  • chi̍t - colloquial;
  • it - literary.
Note:
  • zêg8 - colloquial;
  • ig4, êg4 - literary.
Rime
Character 一
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 質 (48)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於悉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔiɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔit̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔit̚/
Li
Rong		 /ʔiĕt̚/
Wang
Li		 /ĭĕt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yi
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 一
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yī
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔjit ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ʔi[t]/
English one

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 一
Reading # 1/1
No. 14833
Phonetic
component		 一
Rime
group		 質
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 一
Old
Chinese		 /*qliɡ/

DefinitionsEdit

一

  1. one
    • 一長一短 / 一长一短  ―  yī cháng yī duǎn  ―  one short and one long
    • 一死一傷 / 一死一伤 [Cantonese]  ―  jat1 sei2 jat1 soeng1 [Jyutping]  ―  one dead, one injured
  2. each; every
  3. single; alone
  4. whole; entire; all: throughout
  5. same; identical
    • 大小不一  ―  dàxiǎo bù yī  ―  having different sizes
  6. † another; alternative
    • 蟋蟀，一名促織 / 蟋蟀，一名促织  ―  xīshuài, yī míng cùzhī  ―  Crickets, also called cùzhī [lit. another name [being] cùzhī].
  7. With the verb modified reduplicated, expressing the transience of the verb.
    1. Indicating that the action has occurred only once.
      • 看一看  ―  kàn yī kàn  ―  to have a look
    2. Indicating the intention to try.
      • 算一算  ―  suàn yī suàn  ―  to try to calculate it
  8. once; as soon as; upon
  9. † for the first time; at the beginning
  10. † surprisingly; unexpectedly

See alsoEdit

Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 108 1012
Cardinal 〇 一 二 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 百 千 萬
万		 億
亿		 兆
Financial 零 壹 貳
贰		 參
叁		 肆 伍 陸
陆		 柒 捌 玖 拾 佰 仟 萬
万		 億
亿		 兆

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 一

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (一):
  • Japanese: 一 (いち) (ichi); 一 (いつ) (itsu)
  • Korean: 일 (一, il)
  • Vietnamese: nhất (一)

Others:

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

一

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. one
  2. "one" radical (いち)

Alternative formsEdit

  • 壱 (financial or formal)

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Compound words that contain 一

Derived termsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle Chinese 一 (/ʔiɪt̚/), from Old Chinese *?yit.

The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

一 (hiragana いち, rōmaji ichi)

  1. one, 1
  2. the beginning
  3. unity

NumeralEdit

Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  0 1 2  > 
    Cardinal : 一

一 (hiragana いち, rōmaji ichi)

  1. (cardinal) one, 1
IdiomsEdit
  • 一からやり直す
    いちからやりなおす
    ichi kara yarinaosu
    start over from scratch
  • 一から十まで
    いちからじゅうまで
    ichi kara jū made
    (literally. from one to ten)
    all, without exception; from A to Z
  • 一か八か
    いちかばちか
    ichi ka bachi ka
    it's a gamble; sink or swim
  • 一もにも無く
    いちもにもなく
    ichi mo ni mo naku
    unhesitatingly

Etymology 2Edit

From Middle Chinese 一 (/ʔiɪt̚/), from Old Chinese *?yit.

The kan'on reading, so likely the initial borrowing.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

一 (hiragana いつ, rōmaji itsu)

  1. one

Etymology 3Edit

/hito2/ invalid IPA characters (2): [pitə] → [ɸitə] → [ɸito] → [çito]

From Old Japanese 一 (pito).

PronunciationEdit

NumberEdit

一 (hiragana ひと, rōmaji hito)

  1. (cardinal) one

Etymology 4Edit

From 始め (hajime, “beginning, first”), stem noun form of verb 始める (hajimeru, “to begin something”). The use of the kanji 一 for the reading hajime is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).

PronunciationEdit

Proper nounEdit

一 (hiragana はじめ, rōmaji Hajime)

  1. A male given name

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

一 • (il)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): 일 (revised: il, McCune-Reischauer: il, Yale: il)
    • Name (hangeul): 하나, 한 (revised: hana, han, McCune-Reischauer: hana, han, Yale: hana, han)
  1. one

NumeralEdit

一 • (il) (hangeul 일)

  1. (cardinal) one

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

一 (nhất, nhắt, nhứt)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

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