一
See also: ‐ [U+2010 HYPHEN], – [U+2013 EN DASH], - [U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS], − [U+2212 MINUS SIGN], — [U+2014 EM DASH], ー [U+30FC KATAKANA-HIRAGANA PROLONGED SOUND MARK], ㇐ [U+31D0 CJK STROKE H], 丨 [U+4E28 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E28], ㄧ [U+3127 BOPOMOFO LETTER I], ㆪ [U+31AA BOPOMOFO LETTER INN], ㅡ [U+3161 HANGUL LETTER EU], and 亠 [U+4EA0 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4EA0]
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TranslingualEdit
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Alternative formsEdit
Han characterEdit
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一 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+0, 1 stroke, cangjie input 一 (M), four-corner 10000)
- Kangxi radical #1, ⼀.
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №1
Derived charactersEdit
Related charactersEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 75, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1
- Dae Jaweon: page 129, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 1, character 1
- Unihan data for U+4E00
Further readingEdit
ChineseEdit
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 一 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Hanjian (compiled in Song) | Guwen Sishengyun (compiled in Song) | Jizhuan Guwen Yunhai (compiled in Song) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) | Tang Stone Classics | Kangxi Dictionary (compiled in Qing) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script | Regular script | Ming typeface | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Ideogram (指事): a horizontal stroke, indicating the number “one”.
Etymology 1Edit
| simp. and trad. |
一 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 壹 financial 弌 ancient 𠤪 𭍶 | |
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔit. Descendants from the *ʔit etymon account for the majority of the dialectal forms for “one” in Chinese (Mandarin, Jin, Gan, Hakka, Hui, Xiang, Yue, Wu groups, etc.).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
一
- one
- 一長一短／一长一短 ― yī cháng yī duǎn ― one short and one long
- 一死一傷／一死一伤 ― yī sǐ yī shāng ― one dead, one injured
- 一高一低 ― yī gāo yī dī ― one high and one low
- 一天一夜 ― yī tiān yī yè ― one day and one night
- 一日一夜 [Cantonese] ― jat1 jat6 jat1 je6 [Jyutping] ― one day and one night
- 一左一右 ― yī zuǒ yī yòu ― one left, one right
- each; every
- single; alone
- whole; entire; all: throughout
- same; identical
- (Classical Chinese) another; alternative
- (formal) certain aforementioned
- With the verb modified reduplicated, expressing the transience of the verb:
- once; as soon as; upon
- † for the first time; at the beginning
- † surprisingly; unexpectedly
- (gay slang) top
- (Cantonese, cant, euphemistic) to die
Usage notesEdit
- In Mandarin, when spelling “one” as a phone number, on dice, or in dominoes, one is often pronounced 幺 (yāo).
- See pronunciation section for tone sandhi rules in Modern Standard Chinese. Also see Category:Mandarin words containing 一 undergoing tone sandhi and Category:Mandarin words containing 一 not undergoing tone sandhi.
SynonymsEdit
Dialectal synonyms of 一 (“one”) [map]
Alternative formsEdit
- (top): 1
See alsoEdit
- 幺 (yāo) (when spelling one as a phone number)
| Chinese numbers | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 108 | 1012 | |
| Normal (小寫／小写) |
〇, 零 | 一 | 二 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬／万 十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) |
億／亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億／万亿 (Mainland China) |
| Financial (大寫／大写) |
零 | 壹 | 貳／贰 | 參／叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸／陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 | |||
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:一.
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 一
DescendantsEdit
Others:
- → Ahom: 𑜒𑜢𑜄𑜫 (ʼit)
- → Bouyei: idt
- → Chadong: jit⁷, ji⁴
- → Lao: ເອັດ (ʼet)
- → Shan: ဢဵတ်း (ʼáet)
- → Thai: เอ็ด (èt)
- → Zhuang: it
Etymology 2Edit
| simp. and trad. |
一 | |
|---|---|---|
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
一
SynonymsEdit
- (Cantonese opera) 乙
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
| simp. and trad. |
一 | |
|---|---|---|
| alternative forms | 蜀 | |
Form used as the colloquial reading for “one” in most Min varieties: Fuzhou/Fuding suoʔ8, Fuqing θyo8, Gutian syøʔ8, Ningde søʔ8, Zhouning sɔʔ8, Putian ɬoʔ8, Xiamen/Quanzhou/Yongchun/Zhangzhou tsit̚8, Leizhou/Haikou ziak8, Longyan tse4, Youxi ɕie7, Jian'ou/Songxi tsi5, Jianyang tsi8. Whether all of the forms above are related and their origins remain unelucidated; they may be derived from 蜀 (cf. 獨 (“single, alone”); often written when read with the colloquial reading), 隻 (< *tjak ~ g-t(j)ik) or 禃. Some Fujian dialects use 個 and 寡 for “one”.
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
一 (Min)
Etymology 4Edit
| simp. and trad. |
一 | |
|---|---|---|
Contraction of 一個 (yī gè) (Zhou, 1998).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
一
Usage notesEdit
- This is pronounced as yí regardless of the succeeding tone (Tao, 2002). It is grammatically different from other tone sandhis of 一; it is used directly with a nominal without a classifier.
ReferencesEdit
- “一”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00001
- “Entry #1”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
- “Entry #2”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
一
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: いち (ichi, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: いつ (itsu, Jōyō)
- Kun: ひと (hito, 一, Jōyō); ひとつ (hitotsu, 一つ, Jōyō)
- Nanori: い (i); いっ (i'); いる (iru); おさむ (osamu)←をさむ (wosamu, historical); か (ka); かず (kazu); かた (kata); かつ (katsu); かづ (kazu); くに (kuni); すすむ (susumu); ただ (tada); ち (chi); つかさ (tsukasa); てん (ten); のぶ (nobu); はじむ (hajimu); はじめ (hajime); ひ (hi); ひじ (hiji)←ひぢ (fidi, historical); ひで (hide); ひとし (hitoshi); ひとつ (hitotsu); まこと (makoto); まさし (masashi); もと (moto)
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
- 一足飛び (issokutobi)
- 一院制 (ichiinsei)
- 一過性 (ikkasei)
- 一寸先 (issunsaki)
- 一等星 (ittōsei)
- 一辺倒 (ippentō)
- 一意専心 (ichiisenshin)
- 一伍一什 (ichigoichijū)
- 一言居士 (ichigenkoji)
- 一汁一菜 (ichijūissai)
- 一網打尽 (ichimōdajin)
- 一獲千金 (ikkakusenkin)
- 一攫千金 (ikkakusenkin)
- 一喜一憂 (ikki ichiyū)
- 一騎当千 (ikkitōsen)
- 一極集中 (ikkyokushūchū)
- 一挙両得 (ikkyoryōtoku)
- 一触即発 (isshokusokuhatsu)
- 一心同体 (isshin dōtai)
- 一心不乱 (isshinfuran)
- 一長一短 (itchōittan)
- 一刀両断 (ittōryōdan)
- 一衣帯水 (ichiitaisui)
- 一旗揚げる (hitohataageru)
- 一寸先は闇 (issunsakihayami)
Etymology 1Edit
| < 0 | 1 | 2 > |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal : 一 | ||
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 一 |
| いち Grade: 1 |
| goon |
/itɨ/ → /it͡sɨ/ → /it͡ɕɨ/
From Middle Chinese 一 (MC ʔiɪt̚).
The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) reading, so likely the initial borrowing from Middle Chinese.
Compare modern Hokkien reading it.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
Usage notesEdit
- 一 (ichi) is always omitted before 十 (jū, “ten”) and 百 (hyaku, “hundred”), but never before the "myriad scale digit names" including 万 (man, “ten thousand”), 億 (oku, “hundred million”), 兆 (chō, “trillion”) and their combinations.
- When before 千 (sen, “thousand”), 一 (ichi) is omitted when 千 (sen) is not directly followed by 万 (man), i.e. not before 千万 (senman, “ten million”), and the omission is optional.
- 千百十一
- senhyakujūichi
- 1,111
- 百万
- hyakuman
- 1,000,000
- 一千万
- issenman
- 10,000,000
- 千一万
- sen'ichiman
- 10,010,000
- 千百十一
NounEdit
- one, 1
- term relating to the number one:
- unity
- the bottom string of a shamisen or other Japanese musical instrument
IdiomsEdit
SuffixEdit
AffixEdit
- one, 1
- first, foremost
- once
- best, number one
- bunch, bundle
- entirely, wholly
- certain one
- merely, only
Proper nounEdit
- a surname
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms from numeral いち
Derived terms from noun いち
- 一一 (ichiichi), 一々 (ichiichi)
- 一意 (ichii)
- 一尉 (ichii)
- 一員 (ichiin)
- 一因 (ichiin)
- 一円 (ichien)
- 一応 (ichiō)
- 一往 (ichiō)
- 一概 (ichigai)
- 一月 (ichigatsu)
- 一から (ichi kara)
- 一隅 (ichigū)
- 一見 (ichigen)
- 一元 (ichigen)
- 一撃 (ichigeki)
- 一途 (ichizu)
- 一期 (ichigo)
- 一ころ (ichikoro)
- 一石二鳥 (issekinichō)
- 一通 (ittsū)
- 一望 (ichibō)
- 一別 (ichibetsu)
- 一瞥 (ichibetsu)
- 一抹 (ichimatsu)
- 一面 (ichimen)
- 一約 (ichiyaku)
- 一躍 (ichiyaku)
- 一龠 (ichiyaku)
- くノ一 (kunoichi)
Derived terms from affix いち
Etymology 2Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 一 |
| いつ Grade: 1 |
| kan’on |
/itʉ/ → /it͡sʉ/ → /it͡su/
From Middle Chinese 一 (MC ʔiɪt̚).
The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
- (Tokyo) いつ [íꜜtsù] (Atamadaka – [1])[1][2]
- (Tokyo) いつ [ìtsúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])[1][2]
- IPA(key): [it͡sɨᵝ]
NounEdit
AffixEdit
Proper nounEdit
- a female given name
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms from noun いつ
Etymology 3Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 一 |
| ひと Grade: 1 |
| kun’yomi |
⟨pi1to2⟩ → */pʲitə/ → /ɸito/ → /hito/
From Old Japanese.
Related to 二 (futa, “two”), which is its double.[3] Compare 三 (mi, “three”) and 六 (mu, “six”), 四 (yo, “four”) and 八 (ya, “eight”).
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
PrefixEdit
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms from prefix ひと
- 一汗 (hitoase)
- 一雨 (hitoame)
- 一安心 (hito-anshin)
- 一皮剥ける (hitokawamukeru)
- 一切り (hitokiri)
- 一口 (hitokuchi)
- 一言 (hitokoto)
- 一頻り (hitoshikiri)
- 一筋 (hitosuji)
- 一溜まり (hitotamari)
- 一通り (hitotōri)
- 一所 (hitotokoro), 一処 (hitotokoro)
- 一飲み (hitonomi)
- 一葉 (hitoha)
- 一旗 (hitohata)
- 一花 (hitohana)
- 一先ず (hitomazu)
- 一巡り (hitomeguri), 一周り (hitomeguri)
- 一休み (hitoyasumi)
- 一山当てる (hitoyamaateru)
- 一渡り (hitowatari), 一渉り (hitowatari)
Etymology 4Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 一 |
| ひ Grade: 1 |
| nanori |
Shortening of hito above.
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
Etymology 5Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 一 |
| ひい Grade: 1 |
| irregular |
Long-pronounced form of hi above.
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
Etymology 6Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 一 |
| いい Grade: 1 |
| irregular |
Borrowing from Mandarin 一 in the Qing Dynasty.
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 7Edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 一 |
| はじめ Grade: 1 |
| nanori |
From 始め (hajime, “beginning, first”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 始める (hajimeru, “to begin something”).
PronunciationEdit
Proper nounEdit
- a unisex given name
- a surname
Coordinate termsEdit
| Japanese numbers | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
| Regular | 零 (rei) 零 (zero) |
一 (ichi) | 二 (ni) | 三 (san) | 四 (yon) 四 (shi) |
五 (go) | 六 (roku) | 七 (nana) 七 (shichi) |
八 (hachi) | 九 (kyū) 九 (ku) |
十 (jū) |
| Formal | 壱 (ichi) | 弐 (ni) | 参 (san) | 拾 (jū) | |||||||
| 90 | 100 | 300 | 600 | 800 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 8,000 | 10,000 | 100,000,000 | ||
| Regular | 九十 (kyūjū) | 百 (hyaku) 一百 (ippyaku) |
三百 (sanbyaku) | 六百 (roppyaku) | 八百 (happyaku) | 千 (sen) 一千 (issen) |
三千 (sanzen) | 八千 (hassen) | 一万 (ichiman) | 一億 (ichioku) | |
| Formal | 一萬 (ichiman) | ||||||||||
| 1012 | 8×1012 | 1013 | 1016 | 6×1016 | 8×1016 | 1017 | 1018 | ||||
| 一兆 (itchō) | 八兆 (hatchō) | 十兆 (jutchō) | 一京 (ikkei) | 六京 (rokkei) | 八京 (hakkei) | 十京 (jukkei) | 百京 (hyakkei) | ||||
ReferencesEdit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
- ^ Frellesvig, Bjarke (2010) A History of the Japanese Language, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN
KoreanEdit
| 10 | ||||
| [a], [b] ← 0 | 1 | 2 → | 10 → | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Native isol.: 하나 (hana) Native attr.: 한 (han) Sino-Korean: 일 (il) Hanja: 一 Ordinal: 첫째 (cheotjjae) | ||||
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 一 (MC ʔiɪt̚).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | ᅙᅵᇙ〮 (Yale: qílq) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | ᄒᆞᆫ〮 (Yale: hón) | 일〮 (Yale: íl) |
PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [iɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [일]
HanjaEdit
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
- 일가 (一家, ilga)
- 일각 (一刻, ilgak)
- 일각 (一角, ilgak)
- 일간 (一間, ilgan)
- 일갈 (一喝, ilgal)
- 일감 (一鑑, ilgam)
- 일개 (一介, ilgae)
- 일거 (一擧, ilgeo)
- 일격 (一擊, ilgyeok)
- 일견 (一見, ilgyeon)
- 일결 (一決, ilgyeol)
- 일경 (一更, ilgyeong)
- 일계 (一計, ilgye)
- 일고 (一考, ilgo)
- 일고 (一顧, ilgo)
- 일곡 (一曲, ilgok)
- 일공 (一空, ilgong)
- 일과 (一過, ilgwa)
- 일과 (一顆, ilgwa)
- 일관 (一貫, ilgwan)
- 일괄 (一括, ilgwal)
- 일광 (一匡, ilgwang)
- 일구 (一區, ilgu)
- 일구 (一句, ilgu)
- 일국 (一國, ilguk)
- 일국 (一局, ilguk)
- 일군 (一群, ilgun)
- 일군 (一軍, ilgun)
- 일궐 (一蹶, ilgwol)
- 일궤 (一軌, ilgwe)
- 일규 (一揆, ilgyu)
- 일균 (一鈞, ilgyun)
- 일금 (一禁, ilgeum)
- 일기 (一己, ilgi)
- 일기 (一氣, ilgi)
- 일기 (一紀, ilgi)
- 일기 (一騎, ilgi)
- 일낙 (一諾, illak)
- 일년 (一年, illyeon)
- 일념 (一念, illyeom)
- 일능 (一能, illeung)
- 일단 (一團, ildan)
- 일단 (一旦, ildan)
- 일단 (一段, ildan)
- 일당 (一黨, ildang)
- 일대 (一代, ildae)
- 일대 (一大, ildae)
- 일대 (一對, ildae)
- 일대 (一帶, ildae)
- 일대 (一隊, ildae)
- 일덕 (一德, ildeok)
- 일도 (一刀, ildo)
- 일도 (一途, ildo)
- 일도 (一道, ildo)
- 일독 (一讀, ildok)
- 일동 (一同, ildong)
- 일두 (一頭, ildu)
- 일등 (一等, ildeung)
- 일락 (一樂, illak)
- 일람 (一覽, illam)
- 일랍 (一臘, illap)
- 일량 (一兩, illyang)
- 일량 (一輛, illyang)
- 일려 (一旅, illyeo)
- 일력 (一力, illyeok)
- 일련 (一聯, illyeon)
- 일렬 (一列, illyeol)
- 일령 (一領, illyeong)
- 일령 (一齡, illyeong)
- 일례 (一例, illye)
- 일로 (一路, illo)
- 일롱 (一壟, illong)
- 일롱 (一弄, illong)
- 일루 (一壘, illu)
- 일루 (一縷, illu)
- 일류 (一流, illyu)
- 일륜 (一輪, illyun)
- 일률 (一律, illyul)
- 일리 (一利, illi)
- 일리 (一理, illi)
- 일리 (一里, illi)
- 일말 (一抹, ilmal)
- 일망 (一望, ilmang)
- 일매 (一枚, ilmae)
- 일맥 (一脈, ilmaek)
- 일면 (一面,