杈

杈 U+6748, 杈 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6748 ← 杇 [U+6747] CJK Unified Ideographs 杉 → [U+6749]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

杈 (radical 75 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木水戈 (DEI), four-corner 4794₀, composition ⿰木叉)

1. branch of a tree

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 511, character 3
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14451
• Dae Jaweon: page 895, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1163, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6748

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ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		杈

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (叉) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
叉	*sʰraːl, *sʰreːl
杈	*sʰraːl, *sʰraːls, *sʰreːls
靫	*sʰraːl, *sʰreːl
汊	*sʰraːls
衩	*sʰraːls, *sʰreːls
扠	*hr'eːl
釵	*sʰreːl
芆	*sʰreːl
訍	*sʰreːls

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chā (cha¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄚ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caa¹, caa³
• Min Nan (POJ): chha / chhe / chhee

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: chā
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄚ
    • Wade-Giles: ch'a¹
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cha
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰa̠⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: caa¹, caa³
    • Yale: chā, cha
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaa¹, tsaa³
    • Guangdong Romanization: ca¹, ca³
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɑː⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰɑː³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chha
    • Tâi-lô: tsha
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhaf
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰa³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰa⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰa⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhe
    • Tâi-lô: tshe
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhef
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰe³³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhee
    • Tâi-lô: tshee
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɛ⁴⁴/

Note:

• chha - literary;
• chhe/chhee - vernacular.

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡ʃʰˠa/, /t͡ʃʰˠɛ^H/▼

Rime
Character	杈	杈
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	初 (19)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	麻 (98)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	II	II
Fanqie	初加切	楚懈切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰˠa/	/t͡ʃʰˠɛH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚa/	/ʈ͡ʂʰᵚæH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰa/	/t͡ʃʰæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨ/	/ʈ͡ʂʰaɨjH/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰa/	/t͡ʃʰɛH/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰa/	/t͡ʃʰaiH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰa/	/ʈ͡ʂʰaiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chā	chài

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰraːl/, /*sʰraːls/, /*sʰreːls/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	杈	杈	杈
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	1176	1179	1187
Phonetic component	叉	叉	叉
Rime group	歌	歌	歌
Rime subdivision	1	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	叉		差
Old Chinese	/*sʰraːl/	/*sʰraːls/	/*sʰreːls/

DefinitionsEdit

杈

1. fork of a tree
2. pitchfork

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

杈

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. fork of a tree
2. pitchfork

ReadingsEdit

• On: さ (sa), しゃ (sha), さい (sai)
• Kun: えだ (eda)

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

杈 • (cha) (hangeul 차, revised cha, McCune-Reischauer ch'a)

1. 가지: branch

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

• Hán Việt: soa, xà, xoa

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

ReferencesEdit

• Nom Foundation