楚

楚 U+695A, 楚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-695A ← 楙 [U+6959] CJK Unified Ideographs 楛 → [U+695B]

See also: 椘

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

楚 (radical 75 木+9, 13 strokes, cangjie input 木木弓卜人 (DDNYO), four-corner 4480₁, composition ⿱林疋)

Derived charactersEdit

• 礎

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 539, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15141
• Dae Jaweon: page 927, character 8
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1244, character 9
• Unihan data for U+695A

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ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		楚

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (疋) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
疋	*ŋraːʔ, *sŋra, *sŋraʔ
蝑	*sŋas, *sŋa
壻	*sŋeːs
婿	*sŋeːs
胥	*sŋa, *sŋaʔ
稰	*sŋa, *sŋaʔ
楈	*sŋa, *sŋaʔ
諝	*sŋa, *sŋaʔ
湑	*sŋa, *sŋaʔ
揟	*sŋa
醑	*sŋaʔ
糈	*sŋaʔ, *sŋraʔ
楚	*sŋ̥ʰraʔ, *sŋ̥ʰras
礎	*sŋ̥ʰraʔ
憷	*sŋ̥ʰraʔ
齼	*sŋ̥ʰraʔ
濋	*sŋ̥ʰraʔ
儊	*sŋ̥ʰras
綀	*sŋra
疎	*sŋra
疏	*sŋra, *sŋras
蔬	*sŋra
梳	*sŋra

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sŋ̥ʰraʔ, *sŋ̥ʰras): semantic 林 (“trees”) + phonetic 疋 (OC *ŋraːʔ, *sŋra, *sŋraʔ) – a place with many trees, the Kingdom of Chu.

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chǔ (chu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): co²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhú
• Min Dong (BUC): chū
• Min Nan (POJ): chhó͘ / chhó
• Wu (Wiktionary): tshu (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: chǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˇ
    • Wade-Giles: ch'u³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chuu
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: co²
    • Yale: chó
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tso²
    • Guangdong Romanization: co²
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhú
    • Hakka Romanization System: cu`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cu³
    • IPA: /t͡sʰu³¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chū
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu³³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhó͘
    • Tâi-lô: tshóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhor
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɔ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhó
    • Tâi-lô: tshó
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhoir
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰo⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɤ⁴¹/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: tshu (T2)
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰv̩ʷ³⁴/

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• Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 楚
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹³/
	Tianjin	/t͡sʰu¹³/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁴²/
	Qingdao	/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵³/
	Xi'an	/t͡sʰou⁵³/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂʰv̩⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡sʰu⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/p͡fʰu⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡sʰəu⁴²/
	Chengdu	/t͡sʰu⁵³/
	Guiyang	/t͡sʰu⁴²/
	Kunming	/t͡sʰu⁵³/
	Nanjing	/t͡sʰu²¹²/
	Hefei	/t͡sʰʊ²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sʰu⁵³/
	Pingyao	/t͡sʰz̩ʷ⁵³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sʰu⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡sʰu³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡sʰəu⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sʰu⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡sʰɤu³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʰu³⁵/
	Tunxi	/t͡sʰəu³¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sʰəu⁴¹/
	Xiangtan	/t͡sʰəɯ²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sʰu²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sʰz̩³¹/
	Taoyuan	/t͡sʰu³¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰɔ³⁵/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰɔ³⁵/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰɔ³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰɔ⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡sʰu³²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡sʰu²¹/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡sʰo⁵³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/su²¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /t͡ʃʰɨʌ^X/, /t͡ʃʰɨʌ^H/▼

Rime
Character	楚	楚
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	初 (19)	初 (19)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	創舉切	瘡據切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡ʃʰɨʌX/	/t͡ʃʰɨʌH/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈ͡ʂʰiɔX/	/ʈ͡ʂʰiɔH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡ʃʰiɔX/	/t͡ʃʰiɔH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈ͡ʂʰɨə̆X/	/ʈ͡ʂʰɨə̆H/
Li Rong	/t͡ʃʰiɔX/	/t͡ʃʰiɔH/
Wang Li	/t͡ʃʰĭoX/	/t͡ʃʰĭoH/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯woX/	/ʈ͡ʂʰi̯woH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	chǔ	chù

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[s.r̥]aʔ/, /*s.r̥aʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sŋ̥ʰraʔ/, /*sŋ̥ʰras/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	楚	楚	楚
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	chǔ	chǔ	chǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ tsrhjoX ›	‹ tsrhjoX ›	‹ tsrhjoX ›
Old Chinese	/*[s.r̥]aʔ/	/*s.r̥aʔ/	/*s.r̥aʔ/
English	arrange in order	thorns	name of a state
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	楚	楚
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11781	11786
Phonetic component	疋	疋
Rime group	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	楚	楚
Old Chinese	/*sŋ̥ʰraʔ/	/*sŋ̥ʰras/

DefinitionsEdit

楚

1. pain; suffering
2. clear; distinct

   清楚  ―  qīngchǔ  ―  clear

3. neat; clean; tidy
4. bright; gorgeous

   楚楚  ―  chǔchǔ  ―  tidy; dainty, charming

5. (traditional Chinese medicine) deciduous bush used in Chinese medicine (genus Vitex)
6. (historical) punishment cane
7. (historical) to beat with a punishment cane
8. (historical) Chu, an ancient Chinese viscounty and kingdom along the Yangtze River during the Zhou dynasty.
9. The realm of this state under later imperial Chinese dynasties; modern-day Hubei and Hunan regions of China.
10. A surname​.

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 楚

• 一清二楚 (yīqīng'èrchǔ)
• 三楚
• 不清不楚
• 北轅適楚／北辕适楚
• 南冠楚囚
• 南楚
• 吳頭楚尾／吴头楚尾
• 四面楚歌 (sìmiànchǔgē)
• 夏楚
• 巴楚縣／巴楚县
• 平楚
• 悲楚
• 悽楚／凄楚
• 捶楚
• 晉乘楚杌／晋乘楚杌
• 暮楚朝秦
• 朝秦暮楚 (zhāoqínmùchǔ)
• 棰楚
• 楚些
• 楚劇／楚剧
• 楚囚
• 楚囚對泣／楚囚对泣
• 楚囚相對／楚囚相对
• 楚天
• 楚尾吳頭／楚尾吴头
• 楚弓楚得
• 楚懷王／楚怀王
• 楚撻／楚挞
• 楚昭萍實／楚昭萍实

• 楚服
• 楚材晉用／楚材晋用
• 楚楚 (chǔchǔ)
• 楚楚不凡
• 楚楚可憐／楚楚可怜
• 楚歌
• 楚毒
• 楚河漢界／楚河汉界
• 楚漆器
• 楚漢／楚汉
• 楚漢春秋／楚汉春秋
• 楚漢相爭／楚汉相争
• 楚狂
• 楚絕／楚绝
• 楚繒書／楚缯书
• 楚聲／楚声
• 楚腰
• 楚茨
• 楚莊問鼎／楚庄问鼎
• 楚莊王／楚庄王 (Chǔ Zhuāng Wáng)
• 楚莊絕纓／楚庄绝缨
• 楚辭／楚辞 (Chǔcí)
• 楚辱
• 楚霸王
• 楚館／楚馆
• 楚館秦樓／楚馆秦楼
• 榜楚
• 淒楚／凄楚
• 清楚 (qīngchǔ)

• 清清楚楚
• 激楚
• 濟楚／济楚
• 痛楚 (tòngchǔ)
• 痛楚徹骨／痛楚彻骨
• 秦樓楚館／秦楼楚馆
• 笞楚
• 箠楚
• 篣楚
• 翹楚／翘楚 (qiáochǔ)
• 耶律楚材
• 肝膽楚越／肝胆楚越
• 苦楚 (kǔchǔ)
• 荊楚／荆楚 (Jīngchǔ)
• 萇楚／苌楚 (chángchǔ)
• 衣冠楚楚 (yīguānchǔchǔ)
• 衣冠濟楚／衣冠济楚
• 衣冠齊楚／衣冠齐楚
• 衣裳楚楚
• 西楚霸王
• 詛楚文／诅楚文
• 越鳧楚乙／越凫楚乙
• 酸楚 (suānchǔ)
• 鍾儀楚奏／钟仪楚奏
• 隰有萇楚／隰有苌楚
• 雋楚／隽楚
• 齊傅楚咻／齐傅楚咻
• 齊楚／齐楚

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

楚

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. whip
2. cane

ReadingsEdit

• On (unclassified): そ (so)
• Kun: いばら (ibara, 楚); しもと (shimoto, 楚); すわえ (suwae, 楚)

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

楚 • (cho) (hangeul 초, revised cho, McCune-Reischauer ch'o, Yale cho)

1. name of feudal state
2. clear

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

楚 (sở, sỡ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.