Wiktionary

潛

See also: 潜 and 濳
潛 U+6F5B, 潛
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6F5B
← 潚
[U+6F5A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 潜 →
[U+6F5C]

Translingual

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Han character

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潛 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 水一山日 (EMUA), four-corner 34161, composition ⿰氵朁)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 649, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 18240
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1059, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1740, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6F5B

Chinese

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trad. 潛
simp. 潜
2nd round simp. 汘

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 潛
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   
Characters in the same phonetic series (兓) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
簪 *ʔsɯːm, *ʔsrɯm
撍 *ʔsluːm, *ʔsluːmʔ, *ʔsluːms, *ʔsrum
鐕 *ʔsluːm
憯 *sʰluːmʔ, *sʰlɯːmʔ
噆 *sʰluːmʔ, *ʔsluːb
朁 *sʰlɯːmʔ, *zlam
蠶 *zluːm
蚕 *zluːm, *hl'iːnʔ
糣 *sluːmʔ
熸 *ʔslom
鬵 *zlam, *zɯm, *ljɯm
灊 *zlam, *zɯm, *ljɯm
潛 *zlom, *zloms
僭 *ʔslɯːms
兓 *sl'ɯm
嶜 *zlum
兂 *ʔsrɯm
譖 *ʔsrums

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zlom, *zloms): semantic 水 + phonetic 朁 (OC *sʰlɯːmʔ, *zlam).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 潛 潛
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 從 (15) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 鹽 (153) 鹽 (153)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 昨鹽切 慈豔切
Baxter dzjem dzjemH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ziᴇm/ /d͡ziᴇmH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ziɛm/ /d͡ziɛmH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zjæm/ /d͡zjæmH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ziam/ /d͡ziamH/
Li
Rong 		/d͡ziɛm/ /d͡ziɛmH/
Wang
Li 		/d͡zĭɛm/ /d͡zĭɛmH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱi̯ɛm/ /d͡zʱi̯ɛmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		qián jiàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cim4 zim6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 潛 潛 潛
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		qián qián qián
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzjem › ‹ dzjem › ‹ dzjemH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[dz][o]m/ /*[dz][o]m/ /*[dz][o]m-s/
English go under water 驩潛 Khwārazm (region in Central Asia, W. Hàn) to hide; secretly

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 潛 潛
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 6709 6710
Phonetic
component 		兓 兓
Rime
group 		談 談
Rime
subdivision 		3 3
Corresponding
MC rime 		潛 潛
Old
Chinese 		/*zlom/ /*zloms/

Definitions

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潛

  1. to go under water; to move under water
  2. to hide; to conceal
  3. to live in seclusion
  4. to make a concentrated effort
  5. hidden; secret
  6. latent
  7. secretly; stealthily
  8. a surname

Compounds

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Japanese

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Shinjitai

潜

Kyūjitai

潛

Kanji

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潛

(Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 潜)

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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潛 (eumhun 무자맥질할 잠 (mujamaekjilhal jam))

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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潛: Hán Việt readings: tiềm
潛: Nôm readings: tiềm, tèm, tỉm

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