Wiktionary

par

See also: Appendix:Variations of "par"

EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Abbreviations

NounEdit

par

  1. Abbreviation of paragraph.
  2. Abbreviation of parenthesis.
  3. Abbreviation of parish.

AdjectiveEdit

par

  1. Abbreviation of parallel.

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from French par (“through, by”), from Latin per (“through”). Doublet of per.

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

par

  1. (in compounds) By; with.
Usage notesEdit
  • Used frequently in Middle English in phrases taken from French, being sometimes written as a part of the word which it governs; as, par amour, or paramour; par cas, or parcase; par fay, or parfay.

Etymology 3Edit

Borrowed from Latin pār (“equal”).

NounEdit

par (plural pars)

  1. Equal value; equality of nominal and actual value; the value expressed on the face or in the words of a certificate of value, as a bond or other commercial paper.
  2. Equality of condition or circumstances.
  4. (golf, mostly uncountable) The allotted number of strokes to reach the hole.
    He needs to make this shot for par.
  5. (golf, countable) A hole in which a player achieves par.
    • 2009, January 18, Paul Casey storms to four-stroke lead in Abu Dhabi‎[1]:
      Kaymer started with six straight pars before making a birdie on the seventh and an eagle on the eighth.
  6. (UK) An amount which is taken as an average or mean.
Coordinate termsEdit

(golf score):

Derived termsEdit
terms derived from par (noun)

VerbEdit

par (third-person singular simple present pars, present participle parring, simple past and past participle parred)

  1. (transitive, golf) To reach the hole in the allotted number of strokes.
    He will need to par every hole in order to win this game.

Etymology 4Edit

NounEdit

par (plural pars)

  1. Alternative form of parr (“young salmon”)

AnagramsEdit

Ambonese MalayEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Portuguese para.

PrepositionEdit

par

  1. for
  2. in order to
    par bali roko ― in order to buy tobacco

ReferencesEdit

  • D. Takaria, C. Pieter (1998) Kamus Bahasa Melayu Ambon-Indonesia‎[2], Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa

AromanianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Latin pāreō. Compare Daco-Romanian părea, par.

Alternative formsEdit

VerbEdit

par (past participle pãrutã)

  1. I seem, appear.
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Latin pālus. Compare Daco-Romanian par.

Alternative formsEdit

NounEdit

par

  1. stake
Related termsEdit

ChavacanoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Spanish par (“pair”).

NounEdit

par

  1. pair

DanishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From late Old Danish par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin pār.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

par n (singular definite parret, plural indefinite par)

  1. pair
  2. couple
InflectionEdit
Declension of par
neuter
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative par parret par parrene
genitive pars parrets pars parrenes

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from English par.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

par c

  1. (golf) par (the allotted number of strokes to reach the hole)

Etymology 3Edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

par

  1. imperative of parre

FaroeseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From late Old Norse par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin pār.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

par n (genitive singular pars, plural pør)

  1. pair

DeclensionEdit

Declension of par
n5 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative par parið pør pørini
accusative par parið pør pørini
dative pari parinum pørum pørunum
genitive pars parsins para paranna

FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle French par, from Old French par, from Latin per, from Proto-Indo-European *peri.

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

par

  1. through
    par la fenêtre ― through the window
    aller par le parc ― go through the park
  2. by (used to introduce a means; used to introduce an agent in a passive construction))
    voyager par train ― travel by train
    par surprise ― by surprise
    le bateau est attaqué par des pirates. ― the boat is [being] attacked by pirates.
  3. over (used to express direction)
    Viens par ici ! ― Come over here!
  4. from (used to describe the origin of something, especially a view or movement)
    voir par devant ― see from the back
    le liquide est arrivé par le robinet ― the liquid arrived from the tap
  5. around, round (inside of)
    par tout le cinéma ― all around the cinema
  6. on (situated on, used in certain phrases)
    par terre ― on the ground
  7. on, at, in (used to denote a time when something occurs)
    par un beau jour ― on a nice day
    par un soir ― in one evening
  8. in
    marcher par deux ― walk in twos
  9. per, a, an
    trois fois par semaine ― three times a week
  10. out of (used to describe the reason for something)
    par pure colère ― out of pure anger
    par tristesse ― out of sadness
  11. for

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • → English: par

NounEdit

par m (plural pars)

  1. (golf) par

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

FriulianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin per.

PrepositionEdit

par

  1. for
  2. through
  3. by

Gabrielino-FernandeñoEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *pa.

NounEdit

par

  1. water

ReferencesEdit

  • Kroeber, Shoshonean Dialects of California, in University of California Publications: American archaeology and ethnology, volume 4, page 81
  • HG

GermanEdit

DeterminerEdit

par (invariable)

  1. Obsolete spelling of paar (“a few, couple”)

IcelandicEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle Low German par, from Latin pār (“equal”).

NounEdit

par n (genitive singular pars, nominative plural pör)

  1. pair
  2. a couple, two people who are dating
  3. (poker) pair
DeclensionEdit
declension of par
n-s singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative par parið pör pörin
accusative par parið pör pörin
dative pari parinu pörum pörunum
genitive pars parsins para paranna
SynonymsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from English par.

NounEdit

par n (genitive singular pars, no plural)

  1. (golf) par
DeclensionEdit
declension of par
n-s singular
indefinite definite
nominative par parið
accusative par parið
dative pari parinu
genitive pars parsins

Indo-PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Portuguese para, from Old Portuguese pera, from Latin per (“through”) + ad (“to”).

PrepositionEdit

par

  1. (Diu) to (indicates indirect object)
    • 1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3:
      Já fallou par su pai aquêl mais piquin, […]
      The youngest one told (literally: said to) his father […]
  2. (Diu) for (indicates subject of an infinitive)
    • 1883, Hugo Schuchardt, Kreolische Studien, volume 3:
      Trasê tamêm um vaquinh bem gord e matá par nós comê e par nós regalá:
      Bring also a small and very fat cow and kill (it) for us to eat and for us to regale ourselves:

IstriotEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin per.

PrepositionEdit

par

  1. for
  2. through

KaqchikelEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Mayan *pahay.

NounEdit

par

  1. skunk

ReferencesEdit

  • Brown, R. McKenna; Maxwell, Judith M.; Little, Walter E. (2006) ¿La ütz awäch? Introduction to Kaqchikel Maya Language, Austin: University of Texas Press, page 237
  • Ruyán Canú, Déborah; Coyote Tum, Rafael; Munson L., Jo Ann (1991) Diccionario cakchiquel central y español‎[3] (in Spanish), Instituto Lingüístico de Verano de Centroamérica, page 180

LatinEdit

EtymologyEdit

Unclear. A traditional reconstruction is Proto-Indo-European *per(h₂)- (“to exchange”), comparing Ancient Greek πέρνημι (pérnēmi) etc. and Lithuanian pirkti; but this accounts badly for the /a(ː)/. De Vaan suggests *peh₂s- (“to watch (over), see?”), linking Latin pāreō. All possibilities nonetheless suffer semantic problems. Others refrain from assigning an Indo-European root.

PronunciationEdit

AdjectiveEdit

pār (genitive paris, comparative parior, superlative parissimus, adverb pariter); third-declension one-termination adjective

  1. even (of a number)
  2. equal
    Synonyms: aequus, aequālis, compār, adaequātus
    Antonyms: dispār, inaequālis, impār, inīquus
  3. like
  4. suitable

DeclensionEdit

Third-declension one-termination adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masc./Fem. Neuter Masc./Fem. Neuter
Nominative pār parēs paria
Genitive paris parium
Dative parī paribus
Accusative parem pār parēs paria
Ablative parī paribus
Vocative pār parēs paria

NounEdit

par n (genitive pāris); third declension

  1. pair, couple

DeclensionEdit

Third-declension noun (neuter, “pure” i-stem).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative par pāria
Genitive pāris pārium
Dative pārī pāribus
Accusative par pāria
Ablative pārī pāribus
Vocative par pāria

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

See alsoEdit

LatvianEdit

PrepositionEdit

par (with accusative)

  1. about, on
  2. than
  3. for (price)
  4. as

MalteseEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Sicilian paru.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

par m (plural pari)

  1. couple, pair

Derived termsEdit

Middle FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old French par.

ConjunctionEdit

par

  1. by (introduces an agent)
    • 1532, François Rabelais, Pantagruel:
      Comment Epistemon qui avoit la teste tranchée, fut guery habillement par Panurge.
      How Epistemon who had his head cut off was adroitly cured by Panurge
      .

DescendantsEdit

Northern KurdishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From *p- + *ar-, cognate with Avestan 𐬫𐬁𐬭𐬆-‎ (yārə-, “year”), English year, all from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁r- (“year”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

par f

  1. share, part

NounEdit

par f

  1. last year

AdverbEdit

par

  1. last year

Norwegian BokmålEdit

NounEdit

par n (definite singular paret, indefinite plural par, definite plural para or parene)

  1. a pair
    et par sko ― a pair of shoes
  2. a couple
  3. a few (determiner)
    for et par dager siden ― a few days ago

Derived termsEdit

 
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

NounEdit

par n

  1. (golf, uncountable) par
    ett slag under par ― one stroke under par

Norwegian NynorskEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /paːr/, [pʰɐ̞ːr]

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse par, from Middle Low German par, from Latin paria (“equals”), neuter plural of pār. Akin to English pair.

NounEdit

par n (definite singular paret, indefinite plural par, definite plural para)

  1. a pair
    eit par sko ― a pair of shoes
  2. a couple
  3. a few (determiner)
    for eit par dagar sidan ― a few days ago
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From English par.

NounEdit

par n

  1. (golf, uncountable) par
    eitt slag under par ― one stroke under par

ReferencesEdit

Old FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin per.

ConjunctionEdit

par

  1. by; via (introduces a medium)
  2. because of; due to (introduces a medium)
  3. by
  4. by; through; across
  5. by (introduces an exclamation)
  6. in (at a location)

DescendantsEdit

PhaluraEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

PronunciationEdit

AdverbEdit

par (Perso-Arabic spelling پر)

  1. suddenly

Alternative formsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • Liljegren, Henrik; Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[4], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

PolishEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /par/
  • Rhymes: -ar
  • Syllabification: par

NounEdit

par

  1. genitive plural of para
  2. genitive plural of pary

PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Portuguese par, from Latin pār (“equal, like”), from Proto-Indo-European *per (“exchange”).

PronunciationEdit

 

  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Hyphenation: par

NounEdit

par m (plural pares)

  1. pair
  2. partner
  3. couple
  4. peer
  5. (golf) par

Derived termsEdit

AdjectiveEdit

par m or f (plural pares, not comparable)

  1. (mathematics) even
    Antonym: ímpar

Related termsEdit

RomagnolEdit

EtymologyEdit

Inherited from Latin per (“by means of”). Compare Italian per (“for; to; through”).

PrepositionEdit

par

  1. for
  2. to

ReferencesEdit

  • Masotti, Adelmo (1999) Vocabolario Romagnolo Italiano (in Italian), Zanichelli, page 418

RomanianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Latin pālus (“stake”), from Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos, from *peh₂ǵ-.

NounEdit

par m (plural pari)

  1. stake
  2. club, bat
DeclensionEdit
Declension of par
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) par parul (niște) pari parii
genitive/dative (unui) par parului (unor) pari parilor
vocative parule parilor
Related termsEdit
See alsoEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from Latin par.

AdjectiveEdit

par m or n (feminine singular pară, masculine plural pari, feminine and neuter plural pare)

  1. (of an integer) even; divisible by two
DeclensionEdit
Declension of par
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite par pară pari pare
definite parul para parii parele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite par pare pari pare
definite parului parei parilor parelor
AntonymsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

Form of părea.

VerbEdit

par

  1. inflection of părea:
    1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
    2. third-person plural present indicative

SassareseEdit

PronunciationEdit

PrepositionEdit

par

  1. Alternative form of pa', sometimes used before vowel sounds
    • 1989, Giovanni Maria Cherchi, “Dipididda [Parting]”, in La poesia di l'althri, Sassari: Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, page 15:
      […] O me’ ziddài, digussì bedda
      e àipra, eu t’aggiu di dagà par eddu
      O town of mine, so beautiful and harsh, I'll have to leave you for it [destiny]

ReferencesEdit

  • Rubattu, Antoninu (2006) Dizionario universale della lingua di Sardegna, 2nd edition, Sassari: Edes

Serbo-CroatianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From German Paar, from Latin par (“equal, like”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

pȃr m (Cyrillic spelling па̑р)

  1. pair, couple
  2. (informal) few, handful, several

DeclensionEdit

Declension of par
singular plural
nominative pȃr pȁrovi
genitive para parova
dative paru parovima
accusative par parove
vocative pare parovi
locative paru parovima
instrumental parom parovima

Derived termsEdit

SloveneEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

pár m inan

  1. pair
  2. some, a couple (of)
  3. couple (two partners)
  4. (golf)) par
  5. (card games) (poker) pair

InflectionEdit

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. pár
gen. sing. pára
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		pár pára pári
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		pára párov párov
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		páru pároma párom
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		pár pára páre
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		páru párih párih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		párom pároma pári

SynonymsEdit

See alsoEdit

Poker hands in Slovene · poker karte (layout · text)
         
najvišja karta par dva para tris lestvica, kenta
         
barva full house poker barvna lestvica kraljeva lestvica

Further readingEdit

  • “par”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin pār (“equal, like”), from Proto-Indo-European *per (“exchange”).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈpaɾ/ [ˈpaɾ]
  • Audio (Colombia)(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: par

AdjectiveEdit

par (plural pares)

  1. even (divisible by two)
    Antonym: impar

Derived termsEdit

NounEdit

par m (plural pares)

  1. pair (two of the same or similar items that go together)
    un par de calcetines
    a pair of socks
  2. couple (two of the same or similar items)
    bebí un par de cervezas
    I drank a couple of beers
  3. (physics) two equal non-collinear forces; that is a force couple in Newtonian mechanics
  4. peer (somebody who is, or something that is, at a level equal)
  5. some, a few

NounEdit

par f (plural pares)

  1. (finance) par (acceptable level)

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

Further readingEdit

SwedishEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

par n

  1. a pair, a couple (either two or a few of something)
  2. a couple, two people who are dating

DeclensionEdit

Declension of par 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative par paret par paren
Genitive pars parets pars parens

Related termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

AnagramsEdit

TagalogEdit

EtymologyEdit

Clipping of pare

NounEdit

par

  1. pare, kumpare

Tok PisinEdit

NounEdit

par

  1. stingray

VenetianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin pār. Compare Italian paio.

NounEdit

par m (plural pari)

  1. pair

West FrisianEdit

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

NounEdit

par c (plural parren, diminutive parke)

  1. pear

Further readingEdit

  • “par”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
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