-ty

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English -ty, from Old English -tiġ (“-ty”), from Proto-Germanic *tigiwiz, plural of *teguz (“group of ten”), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱ-, *déḱm̥ (“ten”). Cognate with Scots -ty (“-ty”), West Frisian -tich (“-ty”), Dutch -tig (“-ty”), German -zig (“-ty”), Gothic 𐍄𐌹𐌲𐌿𐍃 (tigus, “group of ten, decade”). Related to ten.

Suffix

-ty

A nonproductive suffix indicating single-digit integer multiples of ten.

Derived terms

terms derived using -ty (multiples of ten)

Translations

multiples of ten

Arabic: ـُونَ (-ūna), ـِينَ (-īna)
Chinese:
Hokkien: ...十 (...cha̍p)

Mandarin: ...十 (zh) (...shí)
Danish: -ti
Dutch: -tig (nl)
Esperanto: -dek
Estonian: -kümmend, -kend (slang)
German: -zig (de)
Greek:
Ancient Greek: -κοντα (-konta)
Hebrew: ־ִים pl (-ím)
Hungarian: -ven (40, 50, 70, 90), -van (60, 80)
Japanese: ...十 (ja) (...じゅう, ...jū)
Korean: ...십 (ko) (...sip)
Latin: -gintā
Malay: puluh (ms)
Maori: ngahuru (mi)
Mon: စှော်
Navajo: -diin
Norwegian:
Bokmål: -ti

Nynorsk: -ti
Russian: -дцать (ru) (-dcatʹ) (20, 30), -деся́т (-desját) (50, 60, 70, 80)
Tahitian: ʻahuru
Vietnamese: mươi (vi)
West Frisian: -tich

Etymology 2

From Middle English -te, from Old French -te, from Latin -tās, -tātem.

Suffix

-ty

Alternative form of -ity, used to form abstract nouns from adjectives.
‎subtle + ‎-ty → ‎subtlety

Translations

-ity — see -ity

Anagrams

Y. T., YT, yt, Y.T.

Finnish

Suffix

-ty

Front vowel variant of -tu

Anagrams

-yt, yt, yt.

Guaraní

Alternative forms

-ndy

Suffix

-ty

Used to form collective nouns

Derived terms

Guaraní terms suffixed with -ty

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English -tiġ, from Proto-Germanic *tigiwiz.

Alternative forms

-te, -ti, -tie, -tiȝ

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tiː/

Suffix

-ty

(nonproductive) -ty (forms numeral terms denoting multiples of ten)

Derived terms

Middle English terms suffixed with -ty

Descendants

English: -ty
Scots: -ty

References

“-tī, suf.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

Suffix

-ty

Alternative form of -te

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Balto-Slavic *-tas

Proto-Slavic *-tъ

Polish -ty

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *-tъ.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /tɘ/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -ɘ
Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
Homophone: ty

Suffix

-ty

forms passive participles of simple -i, -y, -u or -ą stems (or verbs with the suffix -nąć) and causes apophony of ą->ę
‎bić + ‎-ty → ‎bity

‎szyć + ‎-ty → ‎szyty

‎czuć + ‎-ty → ‎czuty

‎zgiąć + ‎-ty → ‎zgięty

‎zamknąć + ‎-ty → ‎zamknięty

Declension

Declension of -ty (hard)

singular					plural
	masculine animate	masculine inanimate	feminine	neuter	virile (= masculine personal)	non-virile
nominative	-ty		-ta	-te	-ci	-te
genitive	-tego		-tej	-tego	-tych
dative	-temu		-tej	-temu	-tym
accusative	-tego	-ty	-tą	-te	-tych	-te
instrumental	-tym		-tą	-tym	-tymi
locative	-tym		-tej	-tym	-tych

Derived terms

Further reading

-ty in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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