Latvian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewk- (to stroke, to rub) (whence also brukt, q.v.), from a stem *bʰer- (to cut, to rub, to split; to hit) (whence also berzt, q.v.). The meaning evolution was probably: “to scrub, to grate” > “to rub, to wipe” (a meaning still conserved in the erstwhile iterative form braucīt, and sometimes in braukt itself; see below) > “to drag, to slide” > “to make (a vehicle) slide, run” > “to go, to ride (on a vehicle)” (note that the oldest Baltic vehicles moved by sliding, without wheels). Cognates include Lithuanian bràukti (to stroke, to rub, to pull (leaves, berries etc. stuck in one's hands), to wipe (tears, sweat)), colloquially also “to ride, to race”, Russian dialectal брукать (brukatʹ) (< Proto-Slavic *brukati) “to throw, to hurl, to kick; to smear”. From a variant stem *bʰrewḱ- also Proto-Slavic *brusiti (Russian dialectal брусить (brusitʹ, to gather leaves for animals (to eat)), from “to pluck, to pull”, Bulgarian бру́ся (brúsja, to hit, to pluck (plants)), Czech brousit (to sharpen, to hone, to grind; to run), Polish brusić (to sharpen with a whetstone, to grind)).[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [bɾàwkt]
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

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braukt (intransitive, 1st conjugation, present braucu, brauc, brauc, past braucu)

  1. to go, to ride (in a vehicle)
    braukt automobilī, automašīnāto go by car
    braukt pajūgā, kamanāsto go on a cart, on a sleigh
    braukt ar autobusu, ar vilcienuto go by bus, by train
    braukt ar tvaikoni, ar lidmašīnuto go by steamboat, by plane
    braukt komandējumāto go on a business trip, on an expedition
    braukt uz kuģa, uz kuģiemto go on a boat (also, to be(come) a sailor)
  2. (with animal names) to go (on a cart, sled, sleigh, etc.) pulled by animals
    braukt ar zirguto go on a horse-drawn cart
    braukt ar vēršiem, ar suņiem, ar briežiemto go on a cart pulled by oxen, by dogs, by (rein)deer
  3. (transitive) to ride (a horse)
    tēvs brauc lepnus zirgusfather is riding a proud horse
  4. (in the 3rd person, speaking of vehicles, harnessed animals) to go, to move, to ride, to travel
    laiva brauc pa ezeruthe boat is traveling on the lake
    trolejbuss brauc uz depothe trolleybus is going to the depot
    pajūgi brauc pa ceļa malucarts go on the edge of the road
    zirgs brauc pa ceļuthe (yoked, harnessed) horse rides on the road
  5. (colloquial, of fingers, hands, feet) to run (on a surface)
    kā asaras slaucīdama, viņa abām plaukstām brauca pār vaigiemas if wiping tears, she ran both palms (= hands) over (her) cheeks

Conjugation

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Synonyms

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  • (of "going," but on foot): iet
  • (of "riding a horse"): jāt

Derived terms

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prefixed verbs:
other derived terms
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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “braukt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN