carpir

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese carpir, from Latin carpere (“to tear off”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaɾˈpiɾ/

Verb

carpir (first-person singular present carpo, first-person singular preterite carpín, past participle carpido)
carpir (first-person singular present carpo, first-person singular preterite carpim or carpi, past participle carpido, reintegrationist norm)

1. (dated, textiles) to fluff up
2. (dated, textiles) to card

   Synonyms: carmear, carpear

3. to tear off the hair
4. to weep, to cry, to bewail
5. to mourn

Conjugation

    Conjugation of carpir

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti)	Third-person (el / ela / Vde.)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.)
Infinitive
Impersonal	carpir
Personal	carpir	carpires	carpir	carpirmos	carpirdes	carpiren
Gerund
	carpindo
Past participle
Masculine	carpido			carpidos
Feminine	carpida			carpidas
Indicative
Present	carpo	carpes	carpe	carpimos	carpides	carpen
Imperfect	carpía	carpías	carpía	carpiamos	carpiades	carpían
Preterite	carpín	carpiches	carpiu	carpimos	carpistes	carpiron
Pluperfect	carpira	carpiras	carpira	carpiramos	carpirades	carpiran
Future	carpirei	carpirás	carpirá	carpiremos	carpiredes	carpirán
Conditional	carpiría	carpirías	carpiría	carpiriamos	carpiriades	carpirían
Subjunctive
Present	carpa	carpas	carpa	carpamos	carpades	carpan
Imperfect	carpise	carpises	carpise	carpísemos	carpísedes	carpisen
Future	carpir	carpires	carpir	carpirmos	carpirdes	carpiren
Imperative
Affirmative		carpe	carpa	carpamos	carpide	carpan
Negative (non)		non carpas	non carpa	non carpamos	non carpades	non carpan

    Reintegrated conjugation of carpir (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (ti / tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	carpir
Personal	carpir	carpires	carpir	carpirmos	carpirdes	carpirem
Gerund
	carpindo
Past participle
Masculine	carpido			carpidos
Feminine	carpida			carpidas
Indicative
Present	carpo	carpes	carpe	carpimos	carpides, carpis	carpem
Imperfect	carpia	carpias	carpia	carpíamos	carpíades, carpíeis, carpíais1	carpiam
Preterite	carpim, carpi	carpiste, carpiche1	carpiu	carpimos	carpistes	carpírom, carpiram
Pluperfect	carpira	carpiras	carpira	carpíramos	carpírades, carpíreis, carpírais1	carpiram
Future	carpirei	carpirás	carpirá	carpiremos	carpiredes, carpireis	carpirám, carpirão
Conditional	carpiria	carpirias	carpiria	carpiríamos	carpiríades, carpiríeis, carpiríais1	carpiriam
Subjunctive
Present	carpa	carpas	carpa	carpamos	carpades, carpais	carpam
Imperfect	carpisse	carpisses	carpisse	carpíssemos	carpíssedes, carpísseis	carpissem
Future	carpir	carpires	carpir	carpirmos	carpirdes	carpirem
Imperative
Affirmative		carpe	carpa	carpamos	carpide, carpi	carpam
Negative (nom)		nom carpas	nom carpa	nom carpamos	nom carpades, nom carpais	nom carpam

¹Less recommended.

Derived terms

• carpear
• carpideiro
• carpidor
• carpiña
• escarpear
• escarpidor
• escarpizar
• escarpullar

References

• “carpir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “carpi” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “carpir” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “carpir” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
• “carpir” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.

Portuguese

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese carpir, from Latin carpere (“to tear off”), from Proto-Indo-European *kerp- (“to pluck, harvest”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kaʁˈpi(ʁ)/ [kahˈpi(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /kaʁˈpi(ʁ)/ [kahˈpi(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /kaɾˈpi(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /kaʁˈpi(ʁ)/ [kaχˈpi(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /kaɻˈpi(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐɾˈpiɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐɾˈpiɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /kɐɾˈpi.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: car‧pir

Verb

carpir (no first-person singular present, no present subjunctive, third-person singular present carpe, first-person singular preterite carpi, past participle carpido)

1. to mourn
2. to weep
3. to weed (to remove unwanted vegetation from a cultivated area)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of carpir (defective) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	carpir
Personal	carpir	carpires	carpir	carpirmos	carpirdes	carpirem
Gerund
	carpindo
Past participle
Masculine	carpido			carpidos
Feminine	carpida			carpidas
Indicative
Present	—	carpes	carpe	carpimos	carpis	carpem
Imperfect	carpia	carpias	carpia	carpíamos	carpíeis	carpiam
Preterite	carpi	carpiste	carpiu	carpimos	carpistes	carpiram
Pluperfect	carpira	carpiras	carpira	carpíramos	carpíreis	carpiram
Future	carpirei	carpirás	carpirá	carpiremos	carpireis	carpirão
Conditional	carpiria	carpirias	carpiria	carpiríamos	carpiríeis	carpiriam
Subjunctive
Present	—	—	—	—	—	—
Imperfect	carpisse	carpisses	carpisse	carpíssemos	carpísseis	carpissem
Future	carpir	carpires	carpir	carpirmos	carpirdes	carpirem
Imperative
Affirmative		carpe	—	—	carpi	—
Negative (não)		—	—	—	—	—

Synonyms

• (mourn, weep): chorar, lamentar

Derived terms

• carpideira

Spanish

Etymology

Inherited from Latin carpere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaɾˈpiɾ/ [kaɾˈpiɾ]
• Rhymes: -iɾ
• Syllabification: car‧pir

Verb

carpir (first-person singular present carpo, first-person singular preterite carpí, past participle carpido)

1. to weed; to hoe

Conjugation

    Conjugation of carpir (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			carpir
gerund			carpiendo
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		carpido		carpida
		plural		carpidos		carpidas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	carpo	carpestú carpísvos	carpe	carpimos	carpís	carpen
	imperfect	carpía	carpías	carpía	carpíamos	carpíais	carpían
	preterite	carpí	carpiste	carpió	carpimos	carpisteis	carpieron
	future	carpiré	carpirás	carpirá	carpiremos	carpiréis	carpirán
	conditional	carpiría	carpirías	carpiría	carpiríamos	carpiríais	carpirían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	carpa	carpastú carpásvos2	carpa	carpamos	carpáis	carpan
	imperfect (ra)	carpiera	carpieras	carpiera	carpiéramos	carpierais	carpieran
	imperfect (se)	carpiese	carpieses	carpiese	carpiésemos	carpieseis	carpiesen
	future1	carpiere	carpieres	carpiere	carpiéremos	carpiereis	carpieren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		carpetú carpívos	carpa	carpamos	carpid	carpan
	negative		no carpas	no carpa	no carpamos	no carpáis	no carpan

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

Further reading

• “carpir”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014