patro

See also: patró

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech patro, from Proto-Slavic *pętro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpatro]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

patro n

1. floor, storey
2. (anatomy) palate (roof of the mouth)

Declension

Declension of patro (hard neuter reducible)

	singular	plural
nominative	patro	patra
genitive	patra	pater
dative	patru	patrům
accusative	patro	patra
vocative	patro	patra
locative	patře, patru	patrech
instrumental	patrem	patry

Derived terms

• dvoupatrový
• jednopatrový
• měkké patro n (“soft palate”)
• tvrdé patro n (“hard palate”)

See also

• podlaží n
• poschodí n

Further reading

• “patro”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “patro”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “patro”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin pater (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpatro/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -atro
• Hyphenation: pa‧tro

Noun

patro (accusative singular patron, plural patroj, accusative plural patrojn)

1. father

   Mia patro amas min.

   My father loves me.

   La patro de mia patro estas mia avo.

   My father's father is my grandfather.

   La amiko kiun vidis mia patro.

   The friend whom my father saw.

   La amiko kiu vidis mian patron.

   The friend who saw my father

Synonyms

• (diminutive) patreto
• (nonstandard) patriĉo (“father”)
• (child's term) paĉjo (“dad, daddy”)

Hypernyms

• gepatro (“parent”)

Coordinate terms

• patrino (“mother”)

Derived terms

• vicpatro, duonpatro (“stepfather”)

Further reading

• patr' in Fundamento de Esperanto by L. L. Zamenhof, 1905

Ido

Etymology

From Esperanto patro, from German Pater, Italian padre, Spanish padre, all ultimately from Latin pater, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.tro/

Noun

patro (plural patri)

1. father
2. (figuratively) title showing respect
3. (Christianity) Father
4. (archaic) parent

Usage notes

Originally patro meant "parent", while the derivatives patrulo meant "father" and patrino meant "mother", but in later times this was changed so patro meant father, while adding genitoro and matro to mean "parent" and "mother".

Synonyms

• papa
• (diminutive) patreto
• (archaic) patrulo

Hypernyms

• genitoro (“parent”)

Coordinate terms

• matro
• mama
• (diminutive) matreto
• (archaic) patrino

Derived terms

• baptopatro (“godfather”)
• bopatro (“father-in-law”)
• patrala (“fatherly, paternal; patronymic”)
• patratra (“fatherly, paternal”)
• patreto (“daddy”)
• stifa patro, stif-patro (“stepfather”)

Further reading

• patr-o in Ido-English Dictionary by L.H. Dyer, 1924

Latin

Etymology

pater (“father”) +‎ -ō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpa.troː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpaː.t̪ro]

Verb

patrō (present infinitive patrāre, perfect active patrāvī, supine patrātum); first conjugation

1. to execute, conclude, finish, accomplish

   Synonyms: perficiō, dēfungor, cōnficiō, agō, cumulō, absolvō, nāvō, inclūdō, conclūdō, condō, claudō, expleō, fungor, efficiō, exsequor, perpetrō, trānsigō, exhauriō

2. to orgasm, ejaculate

Conjugation

   Conjugation of patrō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	patrō		patrās		patrat		patrāmus		patrātis		patrant
	imperfect	patrābam		patrābās		patrābat		patrābāmus		patrābātis		patrābant
	future	patrābō		patrābis		patrābit		patrābimus		patrābitis		patrābunt
	perfect	patrāvī		patrāvistī, patrāstī1		patrāvit, patrāt1		patrāvimus, patrāmus1		patrāvistis, patrāstis1		patrāvērunt, patrārunt, patrāvēre1
	pluperfect	patrāveram, patrāram1		patrāverās, patrārās1		patrāverat, patrārat1		patrāverāmus, patrārāmus1		patrāverātis, patrārātis1		patrāverant, patrārant1
	future perfect	patrāverō, patrārō1		patrāveris, patrāris1		patrāverit, patrārit1		patrāverimus, patrārimus1		patrāveritis, patrāritis1		patrāverint, patrārint1
passive	present	patror		patrāris, patrāre		patrātur		patrāmur		patrāminī		patrantur
	imperfect	patrābar		patrābāris, patrābāre		patrābātur		patrābāmur		patrābāminī		patrābantur
	future	patrābor		patrāberis, patrābere		patrābitur		patrābimur		patrābiminī		patrābuntur
	perfect	patrātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	patrātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	patrātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	patrem		patrēs		patret		patrēmus		patrētis		patrent
	imperfect	patrārem		patrārēs		patrāret		patrārēmus		patrārētis		patrārent
	perfect	patrāverim, patrārim1		patrāverīs, patrārīs1		patrāverit, patrārit1		patrāverīmus, patrārīmus1		patrāverītis, patrārītis1		patrāverint, patrārint1
	pluperfect	patrāvissem, patrāssem1		patrāvissēs, patrāssēs1		patrāvisset, patrāsset1		patrāvissēmus, patrāssēmus1		patrāvissētis, patrāssētis1		patrāvissent, patrāssent1
passive	present	patrer		patrēris, patrēre		patrētur		patrēmur		patrēminī		patrentur
	imperfect	patrārer		patrārēris, patrārēre		patrārētur		patrārēmur		patrārēminī		patrārentur
	perfect	patrātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	patrātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		patrā		—		—		patrāte		—
	future	—		patrātō		patrātō		—		patrātōte		patrantō
passive	present	—		patrāre		—		—		patrāminī		—
	future	—		patrātor		patrātor		—		—		patrantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		patrāre			patrārī			patrāns			—
future		patrātūrum esse			patrātum īrī			patrātūrus			patrandus
perfect		patrāvisse, patrāsse1			patrātum esse			—			patrātus
future perfect		—			patrātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		patrātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		patrandī		patrandō		patrandum		patrandō		patrātum		patrātū

¹At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

• impetrō
• perpetrō

References

• “patro”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• patro in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2025), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
• “patro”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• patro in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “patro”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[1]
• 1826, Pierre Pierrugues, Glossarium Eroticum Linguae Latinae, pages 381-382.