gardar
Galician edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese gardar, from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
gardar (first-person singular present gardo, first-person singular preterite gardei, past participle gardado)
- (transitive) to guard, watch
- (transitive) to guard, protect
- 1460, Rui Vasques, Crónica de Santa María de Iria, Santiago: Ediciós do Castro, page 135:
- Et logo comesçou a rreparrar o castello do Est por gardar a terra dos ysmaelitas et normanos, que entrauã porla rria e estragauã toda a terra.
- And then he began to repair the castle of Oeste, to protect the country from the Ismaelites and the Norsemen, who used to enter through the firth, then wasting all the land
- (transitive) to keep
- (transitive with de) to avoid, keep from
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of gardar
Reintegrated conjugation of gardar (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
1Less recommended.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
References edit
- “gardar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “gardar” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “gardar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “gardar” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.
- “gardar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “gardar” in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (2014).
- “gardar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gardar m
- indefinite plural of gard
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
gardar m
Occitan edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Occitan g(u)ardar, from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Verb edit
gardar (Languedoc, Vivaro-Alpine)
- to protect
Conjugation edit
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gardar | aver gardat | |||||
gerund | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | gardat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | gardi | gardas | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan | |
imperfect | gardavi | gardavas | gardava | gardàvem | gardàvetz | gardavan | |
preterite | gardèri | gardères | gardèt | gardèrem | gardèretz | gardèron | |
future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardarà | gardarem | gardaretz | gardaràn | |
conditional | gardariái | gardariás | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | garden | |
imperfect | gardèssi | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardèssem | gardèssetz | gardèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
garda | gardem | gardatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gardar | aver gardat | |||||
gerund | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | gardat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardon | |
imperfect | gardave | gardaves | gardava | gardaviam | gardaviatz | gardavon | |
preterite | gardere | garderes | gardet | gardem | gardetz | garderon | |
future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardará | gardarem | gardaretz | gardarán | |
conditional | gardariá | gardariás | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garde | gardassiam | gardassiatz | gardon | |
imperfect | gardesse | gardesses | gardesse | gardessiam | gardessiatz | gardesson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
garda | gardassiam | gardatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gardar | aver gardat | |||||
gerund | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | gardat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | gardi | gardas | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan | |
imperfect | gardavi | gardavas | gardava | gardàvam | gardàvatz | gardavan | |
preterite | gardèi | gardès | gardè | gardèm | gardètz | gardèn | |
future | gardarèi | gardaràs | gardarà | gardaram | gardaratz | gardaràn | |
conditional | gardarí | gardarés | gardaré | gardarem | gardaretz | gardarén | |
conditional 2nd form1 | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | gardi | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | garden | |
imperfect | gardèssi | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardèssem | gardèssetz | gardèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
garda | gardem | gardatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gardar | aver gardat | |||||
gerund | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | gardat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | garde | gardas | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan | |
imperfect | gardava | gardavas | gardava | gardàvam | gardàvatz | gardavan | |
preterite | gardei | garderas | gardet | gardèram | gardèratz | garderan | |
future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardará | gardarem | gardaretz | gardarán | |
conditional | gardariá | gardariàs | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | garden | |
imperfect | gardèsse | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardèssem | gardèssetz | gardèssen | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
garda | gardem | gardatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | gardar | aver gardat | |||||
gerund | gardant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
past participle | gardat | — | |||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garda | gardam | gardatz | gardan | |
imperfect | gardavi | gardavas | gardava | gardàvem | gardàvetz | gardavan | |
preterite | gardère | gardères | gardèt | garderiam | garderiatz | gardèron | |
future | gardarai | gardaràs | gardarà | gardarem | gardaretz | gardaràn | |
conditional | gardariáu | gardariás | gardariá | gardariam | gardariatz | gardarián | |
conditional 2nd form1 | gardèra | gardèras | gardèra | garderam | garderatz | gardèran | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
present | garde | gardes | garde | gardem | gardetz | gardan | |
imperfect | gardèsse | gardèsses | gardèsse | gardessiam | gardessiatz | gardèsson | |
compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
garda | gardem | gardatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Old Galician-Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.
Verb edit
gardar
- Alternative form of guardar
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of gardar
infinitive | simple | gardar | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | infinitive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
gerund | simple | gardando | |||||||
compound | gerund of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
past participle | singular | plural | |||||||
masculine | gardado | gardada | |||||||
feminine | gardados | gardadas | |||||||
present participle | gardante | gardantes | |||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||||
indicative mood | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
simple tenses |
present | gardo | gardas | garda | gardamos | gardades | gardam3, gardan4 | ||
imperfect | gardava | gardavas | gardava | gardavamos | gardavades | gardavam3, gardavan4 | |||
preterite | gardei | gardaste3, gardasche4 | gardou | gardamos | gardastes | gardarom3, gardaron4 | |||
pluperfect | gardara | gardaras | gardara | gardaramos | gardarades | gardaram3, gardaran4 | |||
future | gardarei | gardarás | gardará | gardaremos | gardaredes | gardarám3, gardarán4 | |||
conditional | gardaría | gardarías | gardaría | gardariamos | gardariades | gardaríam3, gardarían4 | |||
compound tenses |
present perfect | present of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | |||||||
present imperfect | imperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
past anterior | preterite of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
pluperfect | simple pluperfect of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
future perfect | future of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
subjunctive mood | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
simple tenses |
present | garde | gardes | garde | gardemos | gardedes | gardem3, garden4 | ||
preterite | gardasse | gardasses | gardasse | gardássemos | gardássedes | gardassem3, gardassen4 | |||
future | gardar | gardares | gardar | gardarmos | gardardes | gardarem3, gardaren4 | |||
compound tenses |
present perfect | present subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | |||||||
pluperfect | preterite subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
future perfect | future subjunctive of haver1 or tẽer2 + past participle | ||||||||
imperative mood | — | tu | vossa mercee | nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
— | |||
affirmative | — | garda | garde | gardemos | gardade | — | |||
negative | — | non gardes | non garde | non gardemos | non gardedes | — | |||
personal infinitive | eu | tu | el~ele ela vossa mercee |
nos nos outros nos outras |
vos vos outros vos outras |
eles elas | |||
gardar | gardares | gardar | gardarmos | gardardes | gardarem3, gardaren4 | ||||
1 Its alternative form aver can be used as well. 2 Teer and ter were used too, though all 3 were less common than forms of "haver". 3 Less common in Galicia 4 Less common in Portugal |
Further reading edit
Old Occitan edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Early Medieval Latin wardāre.
Verb edit
gardar
- to protect
Descendants edit
- Occitan: gardar
References edit
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*wardôn”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 17: Germanismes: S–Z, page 514