Ultimately a derivation of ḫꜣj (“to measure”). Compare the noun mḫꜣt (“balance scales”), apparently formed with the nominalizing prefix m-, which suggests that this verb is probably a back-formation from the noun, as already put forward by Gardiner.[1]
3-lit.
- (transitive) to bring (a balance scale) into equilibrium, to balance (scales) [Old Kingdom]
- (transitive) to match, to equal [Middle Kingdom literature]
- (transitive) to make (two things) equal or level, to counterpoise [New Kingdom]
- (transitive) to level (the floor), to make level or flat [New Kingdom]
- (transitive) to friendlily incline (one’s heart/mind) (+ n: to (someone)) [New Kingdom]
- (transitive, with r) to adjust (one’s mouth) to (one’s bones) in the Opening of the Mouth ritual [Pyramid Texts]
- (intransitive) to be perfectly balanced or (figuratively) right-acting [New Kingdom]
- (intransitive, with n, Late Egyptian) to be like, to resemble (someone or something)
Conjugation of mḫꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: mḫꜣ, geminated stem: mḫꜣꜣ
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣw, mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣt
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣ
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
mḫꜣ
|
ḥr mḫꜣ
|
m mḫꜣ
|
r mḫꜣ
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
mḫꜣ.n
|
mḫꜣw, mḫꜣ
|
consecutive
|
mḫꜣ.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
mḫꜣt
|
| perfective3
|
mḫꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
mḫꜣ.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
mḫꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣꜣ
|
potentialis1
|
mḫꜣ.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
mḫꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
mḫꜣ.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
mḫꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣ, mḫꜣw5, mḫꜣy5
|
| imperfective
|
mḫꜣ, mḫꜣy, mḫꜣw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
mḫꜣ, mḫꜣj6, mḫꜣy6
|
mḫꜣ, mḫꜣw5
|
| prospective
|
mḫꜣ, mḫꜣtj7
|
—
|
mḫꜣtj4, mḫꜣt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mḫꜣ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣ
|
| [Old Kingdom]
|
[since the Middle Kingdom]
|
[New Kingdom]
|
[New Kingdom]
|
[New Kingdom]
|
[Theban royal tombs]
|
3-lit.
- (transitive) to tie up, to bind (people or captured birds) [Middle Kingdom literature and Late Egyptian]
Conjugation of mḫꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: mḫꜣ, geminated stem: mḫꜣꜣ
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣw, mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣt
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣ
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
mḫꜣ
|
ḥr mḫꜣ
|
m mḫꜣ
|
r mḫꜣ
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
mḫꜣ.n
|
mḫꜣw, mḫꜣ
|
consecutive
|
mḫꜣ.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
mḫꜣt
|
| perfective3
|
mḫꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
mḫꜣ.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
mḫꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣꜣ
|
potentialis1
|
mḫꜣ.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
mḫꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
mḫꜣ.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
mḫꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
mḫꜣ
|
mḫꜣ, mḫꜣw5, mḫꜣy5
|
| imperfective
|
mḫꜣ, mḫꜣy, mḫꜣw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
mḫꜣ, mḫꜣj6, mḫꜣy6
|
mḫꜣ, mḫꜣw5
|
| prospective
|
mḫꜣ, mḫꜣtj7
|
—
|
mḫꜣtj4, mḫꜣt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mḫꜣ
m
- (Late Egyptian) binding rope
- (Late Egyptian) part of a chariot: loop of rope, strap?
Declension of mḫꜣ (masculine)
- Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲙϣⲓ (amši)
m
- (Late Egyptian) woodshed
Declension of mḫꜣ (masculine)
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mḫꜣ
m
- (Late Egyptian) a unit by which figs are counted, perhaps a wreath of figs
Declension of mḫꜣ (masculine)
- “mḫꜣ (lemma ID 74230)”, “mḫꜣ (lemma ID 74240)”, “mḫꜣ (lemma ID 74280)”, “mḫꜣ (lemma ID 74260)”, and “mḫꜣ (lemma ID 74250)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1928) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[2], volume 2, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 130.1–130.6, 130.14–131.5
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 115
- Gardiner, Alan (1916) Notes on the Story of Sinuhe, page 49
- ^ Gardiner, Alan (1916) Notes on the Story of Sinuhe, page 49
