Wiktionary

orb

See also: ORB and òrb

English edit

 
Gateway with orbs (3)

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Middle English orbe, from Old French orbe, from Latin orbis (“circle, orb”). Compare orbit.

Noun edit

orb (plural orbs)

  1. A spherical body; a sphere, especially one of the celestial spheres; a sun, planet, or star
  2. Celestial sphere; one of the azure transparent spheres conceived by the ancients to be enclosed one within another, and to carry the heavenly bodies in their revolutions
  3. (architecture) A structural motif or finial in the shape of a sphere
  4. An orbit of an heavenly body
  5. (rare) The time period of an orbit
    • 1667, John Milton, Paradise Lost, Book V:
      Know none before us, self-begot, self-rais'd / By our own quick'ning power, when fatal course / Had circl'd his full Orbe, the birth mature / Of this our native Heav'n, Ethereal Sons.
  6. (poetic) The eye, seen as a luminous and spherical entity
    • 1667, John Milton, “Book III”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
      A drop serene hath quenched their orbs.
    • 1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “The Assignation”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 260:
      Painfully, he forced his hot eyelids to unclose, and his distended orbs sought for some object whereon to fix; they met the patch of grass, yet red with the blood of Walter Maynard.
  7. (poetic) Any revolving circular body, such as a wheel
  8. (rare) A sphere of action.
  9. A globus cruciger; a ceremonial sphere used to represent royal or imperial power
  10. A translucent sphere appearing in flash photography (Orb (optics))
  11. (military) A body of soldiers drawn up in a circle, as for defence, especially infantry to repel cavalry.
  12. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) (astrology) Amount of deviation from the closest perfect aspect.
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
spherical body
circle — see circle
orbit — see orbit
period of time marked off by the revolution of a heavenly body — see year
monarch's ceremonial sphere — see globus cruciger

Verb edit

orb (third-person singular simple present orbs, present participle orbing, simple past and past participle orbed)

  1. (poetic, transitive) To form into an orb or circle.
    • 1667, John Milton, “(please specify the book number)”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:
      Let each
      His adamantine coat gird well, and each
      Fit well his helm, gripe fast his orbed shield
    • 1842, James Russell Lowell, sonnet:
      a full-orbed sun
    • 1850, [Alfred, Lord Tennyson], In Memoriam, London: Edward Moxon, […], →OCLC, Canto XXIV, page 41:
      And is it that the haze of grief
      ⁠Hath stretch’d my former joy so great? […]
      Or that the past will always win
      ⁠A glory from its being far;
      ⁠And orb into the perfect star
      We saw not, when we moved therein?
  2. (poetic, intransitive) To become round like an orb.
  3. (poetic, transitive) To encircle; to surround; to enclose.

Etymology 2 edit

From Old French orb (“blind”), from Latin orbus (“destitute”).

Noun edit

orb (plural orbs)

  1. (architecture) A blank window or panel.
    • 1845, Robert Willis, The Architectural History of Canterbury Cathedral:
      small blank windows or panels, for in later times such panels were called orbs, blind windows

References edit

Anagrams edit

Aromanian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Latin orbus. Compare Romanian orb.

Adjective edit

orb m (feminine singular orbe, masculine plural orghi, feminine plural orbi)

  1. blind
  2. (figurative) ignorant
  3. (figurative) uncultivated, unrefined, uncivilized

Related terms edit

See also edit

Catalan edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Catalan orb (also spelled horp), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”). Compare Occitan òrb, Italian orbo, Romanian orb.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

orb (feminine orba, masculine plural orbs, feminine plural orbes)

  1. blind
    Synonym: cec

Noun edit

orb m (uncountable)

  1. a fungal disease of wheat and other cereals

References edit

Estonian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Finnish orpo, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *orpa, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hárbʰas. Cognate with Hungarian árva.

Noun edit

orb (genitive orvu, partitive orbu)

  1. orphan

Declension edit

Declension of orb (ÕS type 22e/riik, b-v gradation)
singular plural
nominative orb orvud
accusative nom.
gen. orvu
genitive orbude
partitive orbu orbe
orbusid
illative orbu
orvusse 		orbudesse
orvesse
inessive orvus orbudes
orves
elative orvust orbudest
orvest
allative orvule orbudele
orvele
adessive orvul orbudel
orvel
ablative orvult orbudelt
orvelt
translative orvuks orbudeks
orveks
terminative orvuni orbudeni
essive orvuna orbudena
abessive orvuta orbudeta
comitative orvuga orbudega

Further reading edit

  • “orb”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
  • “orb”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
  • orb in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

Romanian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Latin orbus, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”). Compare Italian orbo. Doublet of rob.

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

orb m or n (feminine singular oarbă, masculine plural orbi, feminine and neuter plural oarbe)

  1. blind

Declension edit

Declension of orb
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite orb oarbă orbi oarbe
definite orbul oarba orbii oarbele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite orb oarbe orbi oarbe
definite orbului oarbei orbilor oarbelor

Noun edit

orb m (plural orbi, feminine equivalent oarbă)

  1. blind man

Declension edit

Declension of orb
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) orb orbul (niște) orbi orbii
genitive/dative (unui) orb orbului (unor) orbi orbilor
vocative orbule orbilor

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

See also edit

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