Finnish

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Finnic *paladak, from Proto-Uralic *pala-.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑlɑːˣ/, [ˈpɑ̝lɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ɑlɑː
  • Syllabification(key): pa‧laa

Verb

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palaa

  1. (intransitive) to burn
    Tuli palaa uunissa.
    A fire is burning in the stove.
    Maito paloi pohjaan.
    The milk burned (into the bottom of a kettle, pot, etc).
  2. (intransitive, e.g. of a lamp) to shine, emit light
    Lamppu palaa.
    The lamp is turned on.
  3. (colloquial) to smoke, used when offering a cigarette
    Palaako?
    Would you like to smoke?
  4. (intransitive) to be caught committing a crime
  5. (intransitive, baseball, pesäpallo, dodgeball) to be out
  6. (intransitive, of a lamp, fuse, etc.) to blow, to burn out, to blow out
    Lamppu paloi.
    The lamp has blown out. / The lamp is burned out.
Usage notes
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  • The difference between the Finnish verbs palaa and polttaa is that with palaa the fuel, or whatever is burning, is the subject of the sentence and with polttaa the fuel is an object. Both can be translated as “to burn” into English.
  • The "blow, burn out" meaning is rare in present indicative and present participles.
Conjugation
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Inflection of palaa (Kotus type 56/kaivaa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. palan en pala 1st sing. olen palanut en ole palanut
2nd sing. palat et pala 2nd sing. olet palanut et ole palanut
3rd sing. palaa ei pala 3rd sing. on palanut ei ole palanut
1st plur. palamme emme pala 1st plur. olemme palaneet emme ole palaneet
2nd plur. palatte ette pala 2nd plur. olette palaneet ette ole palaneet
3rd plur. palavat eivät pala 3rd plur. ovat palaneet eivät ole palaneet
passive paletaan ei paleta passive on palettu ei ole palettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. paloin en palanut 1st sing. olin palanut en ollut palanut
2nd sing. paloit et palanut 2nd sing. olit palanut et ollut palanut
3rd sing. paloi ei palanut 3rd sing. oli palanut ei ollut palanut
1st plur. paloimme emme palaneet 1st plur. olimme palaneet emme olleet palaneet
2nd plur. paloitte ette palaneet 2nd plur. olitte palaneet ette olleet palaneet
3rd plur. paloivat eivät palaneet 3rd plur. olivat palaneet eivät olleet palaneet
passive palettiin ei palettu passive oli palettu ei ollut palettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. palaisin en palaisi 1st sing. olisin palanut en olisi palanut
2nd sing. palaisit et palaisi 2nd sing. olisit palanut et olisi palanut
3rd sing. palaisi ei palaisi 3rd sing. olisi palanut ei olisi palanut
1st plur. palaisimme emme palaisi 1st plur. olisimme palaneet emme olisi palaneet
2nd plur. palaisitte ette palaisi 2nd plur. olisitte palaneet ette olisi palaneet
3rd plur. palaisivat eivät palaisi 3rd plur. olisivat palaneet eivät olisi palaneet
passive palettaisiin ei palettaisi passive olisi palettu ei olisi palettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. 1st sing.
2nd sing. pala älä pala 2nd sing.
3rd sing. palakoon älköön palako 3rd sing. olkoon palanut älköön olko palanut
1st plur. palakaamme älkäämme palako 1st plur.
2nd plur. palakaa älkää palako 2nd plur.
3rd plur. palakoot älkööt palako 3rd plur. olkoot palaneet älkööt olko palaneet
passive palettakoon älköön palettako passive olkoon palettu älköön olko palettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. palanen en palane 1st sing. lienen palanut en liene palanut
2nd sing. palanet et palane 2nd sing. lienet palanut et liene palanut
3rd sing. palanee ei palane 3rd sing. lienee palanut ei liene palanut
1st plur. palanemme emme palane 1st plur. lienemme palaneet emme liene palaneet
2nd plur. palanette ette palane 2nd plur. lienette palaneet ette liene palaneet
3rd plur. palanevat eivät palane 3rd plur. lienevät palaneet eivät liene palaneet
passive palettaneen ei palettane passive lienee palettu ei liene palettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st palaa present palava palettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st palaakseni palaaksemme
2nd palaaksesi palaaksenne
3rd palaakseen
palaaksensa
past palanut palettu
2nd inessive2 palaessa palettaessa agent4 palama
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st palaessani palaessamme
2nd palaessasi palaessanne
3rd palaessaan
palaessansa
negative palamaton
instructive palaen 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. Not used with intransitive verbs. Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
* The third-person singular indicative form palaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.

3rd inessive palamassa
elative palamasta
illative palamaan
adessive palamalla
abessive palamatta
instructive palaman palettaman
4th3 verbal noun palaminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st palamaisillani palamaisillamme
2nd palamaisillasi palamaisillanne
3rd palamaisillaan
palamaisillansa
Derived terms
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adjectives
nouns
verbs

See also

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Further reading

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Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑlɑː/, [ˈpɑ̝lɑ̝ː]
  • Rhymes: -ɑlɑː
  • Syllabification(key): pa‧laa

Noun

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palaa

  1. partitive singular of pala
    Kukaan ei ottanut viimeistä palaa.
    Nobody took the last piece.

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑlɑː/, [ˈpɑ̝lɑ̝ː]
  • Rhymes: -ɑlɑː
  • Syllabification(key): pa‧laa

Verb

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palaa

  1. third-person singular present indicative of palaa

Etymology 4

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑlɑː/, [ˈpɑ̝lɑ̝ː]
  • Rhymes: -ɑlɑː
  • Syllabification(key): pa‧laa

Verb

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palaa

  1. third-person singular present indicative of palata
    Hän palaa.
    S/he comes back.

Etymology 5

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑlɑːˣ/, [ˈpɑ̝lɑ̝ː(ʔ)]
  • Rhymes: -ɑlɑː
  • Syllabification(key): pa‧laa

Verb

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palaa

  1. present active indicative connegative of palata
    (Minä) en/ (Sinä) et/ Hän ei/ (Me) emme/ (Te) ette/ He eivät palaa.
    I/You/We/You/They don't / She/He doesn't come back.
  2. second-person singular present imperative of palata
    Palaa!
    Come back!
  3. second-person singular present active imperative connegative of palata
    Älä palaa!
    Don't come back!

Anagrams

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Ramoaaina

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Noun

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palaa

  1. water

Further reading

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  • Robyn Davies and Lisbeth Fritzell, Duke of York Grammar Essentials (Ramoaaina) (October 1992)