Wiktionary

et

See also: Appendix:Variations of "et"

TranslingualEdit

SymbolEdit

et

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Estonian.

EnglishEdit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

EtymologyEdit

From Middle English et, from Old English æt, first and third person singular indicative of Old English etan (“to eat”). Doublet of ate.

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

et

  1. (informal, dialectal) Pronunciation spelling of ate, the simple past tense and past participle of eat
    • 1896, Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain), Tom Sawyer, Detective [2]:
      So we got to talking together while he et his breakfast.
    • 1907, O. Henry, Seats of the Haughty [3]:
      'Boss,' says the cabby, 'I et a steak in that restaurant once. If you're real hungry, I advise you to try the saddle-shops first.'
    • 1919, Bess Streeter Aldrich, A Long-Distance Call From Jim:
      Well, I don't care if he does! I can remember the time when he et a good old-fashioned supper.
    • 1937, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Hobbit:
      Yer can't expect folk to stop here for ever just to be et by you and Bert.
    • 1946 February 18, Life magazine:
      It must have been somethin’ I et!
    • 1996, Dana Lyons, "Cows with Guns":
      They eat to grow, grow to die / Die to be et at the hamburger fry.
    • 2001, Richard Williams, The Animator's Survival Kit, page 220:
      Something I et?

AnagramsEdit

AlbanianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *i̯et (“to set out for; to strive”). Compare Old Irish ét (“thirst”), Irish éad (“eagerness, jealousy”), Latin sitis (“thirst”), Tocharian A yat (“reach, get”). Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *eus-ti-, cognate to Greek αἰτέω (aἰtéo, “to demand, to beg”). Orel suggests Proto-Albanian *alk-ti-, drawing comparisons to Lithuanian álkti (“to be hungry”), Proto-Slavic *olkati (“id.”), and Old High German ilgi (“hunger”).[1]

NounEdit

et f (indefinite plural etje, definite singular etja, definite plural etjet)

  1. thirst

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 155

CatalanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tē (accusative of tū).

PronounEdit

et (proclitic, contracted t', enclitic te, contracted enclitic 't)

  1. you, thee (singular, direct or indirect object)

DeclensionEdit

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

Usage notesEdit

  • et is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with consonant.
    Et perdràs. ― You'll get lost.

Related termsEdit

ChuukeseEdit

NumeralEdit

et

  1. (serial counting) one

CimbrianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle High German iezuo, ieze, iezō, from Old High German iozou, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *juta. Cognate with German itzo (modern jetzt), English yet.

AdverbEdit

et

  1. (Sette Comuni) now
    Et lóofet dar hunt et dar haazo.
    Now the dog runs, and now the hare.

Related termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • “et” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

DanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Norse eitt.

PronunciationEdit

ArticleEdit

et (common en)

  1. (neuter) a, an

EmilianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin tū (“you”).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /et/
  • Hyphenation: et

PronounEdit

et (personal, nominative case)

  1. you (singular)

Alternative formsEdit

  • Becomes t- before a vowel.
  • Becomes -et when acting as an enclitic (after a consonant).
  • Becomes -t when acting as an enclitic (after a vowel).

Related termsEdit

Emilian personal pronouns (strong forms)
Number Person Gender Disjunctive
(tonic) 		Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct complement) 		Dative
(indirect complement) 		Reflexive
(-self) 		Comitative
(with)
Singular First — mè a me mêg
Second — tè et te têg
Third Masculine ló al ge se sêg
Feminine lê la
Plural First Masculine nuēter a se nōsk
Feminine nuētri
Second Masculine vuēter a ve vōsk
Feminine vuētri
Third Masculine lôr i ge se sêg
Feminine el li

EstonianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Finnic *että (compare Finnish että), from the same Proto-Uralic root *e- (“this”) as Hungarian ez

ConjunctionEdit

et

  1. that
    Ma tean, et sa oled julm.
    I know that you are cruel.
  2. to, in order to, so that, as to
    Ma sõitsin poodi, et viina osta.
    I drove to the store to buy vodka.

FaroeseEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

et

  1. singular imperative of eta

FinnishEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈet/, [ˈe̞t̪]
  • Rhymes: -et
  • Syllabification: et

Etymology 1Edit

See ei. Has the regular verb ending -t.

VerbEdit

et

  1. The second-person singular form of the negative verb (negation verb). The English translations include do not/don’t and not (with auxiliary verbs and be).
  2. (colloquial, Uusimaa) Alternative form of etkö.
Usage notesEdit
  • The negative verb is used with the connegative form of the main verb. That form is identical to the second-person singular imperative in the indicative present. The potential mood connegative ends in the marker for the mood, -ne-, and the conditional mood connegative ends in the marker for the mood, -isi-. In the indicative past, conditional past and potential past, the active past participle singular (ending -ut/-yt) is used. The connegative form of the main verb is always used without the personal suffix.
  • Usage of et:
  • Indicative:
  • Sinä näet. (You see.) -> Sinä et näe. (You do not see.)
  • Sinä näit. (You saw.) -> Sinä et nähnyt. (You did not see.)
  • Sinä olet nähnyt. (You have seen.) -> Sinä et ole nähnyt. (You have not seen.)
  • Sinä olit nähnyt. (You had seen.) -> Sinä et ollut nähnyt. (You had not seen.)
  • Conditional:
  • Sinä näkisit. (You would see.) -> Sinä et näkisi. (You would not see.)
  • Sinä olisit nähnyt. (You would have seen.) -> Sinä et olisi nähnyt. (You would not have seen.)
  • Potential:
  • Sinä nähnet. (You probably see.) -> Sinä et nähne. (You probably do not see.)
  • Sinä lienet nähnyt. (You have probably seen.) -> Sinä et liene nähnyt. (You have probably not seen.)
ConjugationEdit
  • The negation verb has no infinitive form.
  • Indicative, conditional and potential moods use the indicative forms (stem e-), for which the verb is conjugated only in person.
  • In the imperative mood the negation verb has the stem äl-.
  • An archaic optative mood exists and is used mainly in poetry.
person indicative mood imperative mood optative mood
1st sing. en (älkääni, älkäämi) (ällön)
2nd sing. et älä (ällös)
3rd sing. ei älköön (älköön)
1st plur. emme älkäämme (älköömme)
2nd plur. ette älkää (älköötte)
3rd plur. eivät älkööt (älkööt)

Etymology 2Edit

Shortened form of että.

ConjunctionEdit

et

  1. (subordinating, colloquial) That.
SynonymsEdit

AnagramsEdit

FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Middle French et, from Old French et, from Latin et.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /e/
  • Audio (France, Paris)(file)
  • Rhymes: -e
  • Homophone: ai

ConjunctionEdit

et

  1. and

DescendantsEdit

  • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
  • → English: et

Usage notesEdit

  • et is never subject to liaison with a following word, i.e. the t is never pronounced.

Further readingEdit

AnagramsEdit

IngrianEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

et

  1. second-person singular present of ei
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 32:
      Makkaa aina yksintää, siis et noise läsimää.
      Always sleep alone, so you don't get ill.

ReferencesEdit

  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[4], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 128
  • Vitalij Chernyavskij (2005) Ižoran keel (Ittseopastaja)‎[5], page 11
  • Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎[6], →ISBN, page 95

ItalianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin et (“and; plus”).

ConjunctionEdit

et

  1. (archaic, poetic) Alternative form of e

AnagramsEdit

LatinEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Indo-European *éti or Proto-Indo-European *h₁eti. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔτι (éti), Sanskrit अति (ati), Old English prefix ed- (“anew, again”). More at ed-.

PronunciationEdit

ConjunctionEdit

et

  1. and
  2. (mathematics) plus
    Duo et duo sunt quattuor.
    Two plus two equals four.
  3. (literary) though, even if

Usage notesEdit

  • When used in pairs, et...et may function like English both...and.

QuotationsEdit

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Eastern Romance:
    • Aromanian: e
    • Romanian: e
  • Franco-Provençal: et, e
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Emilian: e
    • Ligurian: e
    • Piedmontese: e
    • Romagnol: e
  • Italo-Dalmatian:
    • Corsican: e
    • Dalmatian: e
    • Istriot: e
    • Italian: e, ed
    • Neapolitan: e
    • Sicilian: e
  • Old French: et, e
    • Middle French: et
      • French: et
        • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
        • → English: et
    • Norman: et
    • Picard: et
    • Walloon: et, eyet
  • Old Occitan: e
    • Occitan: e
  • Rhaeto-Romance:
    • Friulian: e
    • Ladin: y
    • Romansch: e, ed
  • Sardinian: e
  • Venetian: e
  • West Iberian:
    • Extremaduran: i
    • Navarro-Aragonese:
      • Aragonese: y
    • Old Leonese:
      • Asturian: y, ya
      • Leonese: y
      • Mirandese: i
    • Old Portuguese: e
      • Fala: i
      • Galician: e
      • Portuguese: e
        • Guinea-Bissau Creole: i, e
        • Indo-Portuguese: e
        • Kabuverdianu: y, i, e
        • Papiamentu: i, y
    • Old Spanish: é, e
      • Ladino: i
      • Spanish: y

See alsoEdit

AdverbEdit

et (not comparable)

  1. also, too, besides, or likewise

ReferencesEdit

  • et in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • et in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • et in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

LivviEdit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

et

  1. second-person singular indicative of ei

ReferencesEdit

  • N. Gilojeva; S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 20
  • Olga Žarinova (2012) Pagizemmo Karjalakse [Let's speak Karelian], St Petersburg, →ISBN, page 142
  • Tatjana Boiko (2019), “ei”, in Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 38

LuxembourgishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Germanic *hit. Cognate with German es, English it, Dutch het.

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

et

  1. Reduced form of hatt (“she, her; it”)

DeclensionEdit

Luxembourgish personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ech — mech — mir mer like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(informal) 		du de dech — dir der like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(formal) 		Dir Der Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech
3rd person singular m hien en hien en him em sech
f si se si se hir er sech
n hatt et ('t) hatt et ('t) him em sech
1st person plural mir mer eis (ons) — eis (ons) — eis (ons)
2nd person plural dir der iech iech [əɕ] iech iech [əɕ] iech
3rd person plural si se si se hinnen en sech

Middle DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

et

  1. Alternative form of het

Middle FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old French et.

ConjunctionEdit

et

  1. and

DescendantsEdit

  • French: et
    • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
    • → English: et

Middle Low GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

et

  1. Alternative form of it.

DeclensionEdit

Middle Low German personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative genitive
1st person singular ik (ek) mî (mê, mik, mek) mîn (mîner)
2nd person singular dû dî (dê, dik, dek) dîn (dîner)
3rd person singular
m hê (hî, hie) ēne, en (ȫne, ȫn) ēme, em (ȫme, en) sîn (sîner)
n it (et)
f sê (sî, sie, sü̂) ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)
1st person plural wî (wê, wie) uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik) unser (ûser)
2nd person plural gî (jê, î) jû (jûwe, û, jük, gik) jûwer (ûwer)
3rd person plural sê (sî, sie) em, öm, jüm (en, ēnen, ȫnen) ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)

For an explanation of the forms in brackets see here.

NormanEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old French et, from Latin et.

PronunciationEdit

  • Audio (Jersey)(file)

ConjunctionEdit

et

  1. (Jersey) and
    • 2013 March 1, Geraint Jennings, “Mar martello”, in The Town Crier‎[7], page 20:
      Dans les clios étout nou vait des tracteurs et des machinnes tandi qu'lé travas du fèrmyi r'prend san rhythme coumme tréjous.
      In the fields tractors and machines can be seen too as farm work picks up again as always.

NounEdit

et m (plural ets)

  1. (Jersey) ampersand

SynonymsEdit

Norwegian BokmålEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old Norse eitt, the nominative and accusative form of einn. The indefinite article was not used in Old Norse and was likely an influence from other Germanic languages.

PronunciationEdit

ArticleEdit

et n (neuter indefinite article used with neuter nouns)

  1. a, an (the two English language indefinite articles; Old English had three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter like modern Bokmål and Nynorsk)
Related termsEdit
  • ei (feminine indefinite article)
  • en (masculine indefinite article)
  • ett (neuter form of cardinal number)

See alsoEdit

  • eit (Nynorsk) (neuter indefinite article)

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

et

  1. imperative of ete

ReferencesEdit

Norwegian NynorskEdit

VerbEdit

et

  1. present tense of eta and ete
  2. imperative of eta and ete

Old FrenchEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin et

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /e/
    • The t in this word is merely an adoption of the Latin spelling and was never actually pronounced in Old French.

ConjunctionEdit

et

  1. and

DescendantsEdit

  • Middle French: et
    • French: et
      • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
      • → English: et
  • Norman: et
  • Picard: et
  • Walloon: et, eyet

Old NorseEdit

VerbEdit

et

  1. inflection of eta:
    1. first-person singular present active indicative
    2. second-person singular present active imperative

PipilEdit

EtymologyEdit

Compare Classical Nahuatl etl (“bean”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

et (plural ehet)

  1. bean
    Xiccohua et pal ticmanat mozta
    Buy beans to boil tomorrow

Saterland FrisianEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Frisian et, hit, from Proto-Germanic *hit. Cognates include West Frisian it and Dutch het.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ət/
  • Hyphenation: et

PronounEdit

et

  1. unstressed form of dät (“it”)

See alsoEdit

Saterland Frisian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd m 3rd f 3rd n 1st 2nd 3rd
stressed iek du hie ju dät wie jie jo
unstressed er ze et ze
objective mie die him hier dät uus jou hier

Derived termsEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • Marron C. Fort (2015), “et”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

ScotsEdit

NounEdit

et (plural ets)

  1. Shetland form of aet

ReferencesEdit

SemaiEdit

PronounEdit

et[1]

  1. they (3rd person plural pronoun)

SynonymsEdit

See alsoEdit

Semai personal pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person èng jaar (exclusive)
haar (inclusive) 		jiiq (exclusive)
hiiq (inclusive)
2nd person hèq / hèèq je'oot, jerkeeq, kééq keeq, ngkeeq / ngkééq
3rd person ijii, kééq / keeq ubay / ubaay et, ennaay, mambééq

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Basrim bin Ngah Aching (2008) Kamus Engròq Semay – Engròq Malaysia, Kamus Bahasa Semai – Bahasa Malaysia, Bangi: Institut Alam dan Tamadun Melayu, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

SpanishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin et.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

et m (plural ets)

  1. ampersand
    Synonym: y comercial

Further readingEdit

Tok PisinEdit

EtymologyEdit

From English eight.

NumeralEdit

et

  1. eight

Usage notesEdit

Used when counting; see also etpela.

TurkishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ottoman Turkish ات‎ (et, “meat”), from Proto-Turkic *et (“meat”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

et (definite accusative eti, plural etler)

  1. meat

DeclensionEdit

Inflection
Nominative et
Definite accusative eti
Singular Plural
Nominative et etler
Definite accusative eti etleri
Dative ete etlere
Locative ette etlerde
Ablative etten etlerden
Genitive etin etlerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular etim etlerim
2nd singular etin etlerin
3rd singular eti etleri
1st plural etimiz etlerimiz
2nd plural etiniz etleriniz
3rd plural etleri etleri
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular etimi etlerimi
2nd singular etini etlerini
3rd singular etini etlerini
1st plural etimizi etlerimizi
2nd plural etinizi etlerinizi
3rd plural etlerini etlerini
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular etime etlerime
2nd singular etine etlerine
3rd singular etine etlerine
1st plural etimize etlerimize
2nd plural etinize etlerinize
3rd plural etlerine etlerine
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular etimde etlerimde
2nd singular etinde etlerinde
3rd singular etinde etlerinde
1st plural etimizde etlerimizde
2nd plural etinizde etlerinizde
3rd plural etlerinde etlerinde
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular etimden etlerimden
2nd singular etinden etlerinden
3rd singular etinden etlerinden
1st plural etimizden etlerimizden
2nd plural etinizden etlerinizden
3rd plural etlerinden etlerinden
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular etimin etlerimin
2nd singular etinin etlerinin
3rd singular etinin etlerinin
1st plural etimizin etlerimizin
2nd plural etinizin etlerinizin
3rd plural etlerinin etlerinin

UzbekEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Turkic *et.

NounEdit

et (plural etlar)

  1. flesh
  2. meat

VepsEdit

VerbEdit

et

  1. second-person plural present of ei

WalloonEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old French et.

ConjunctionEdit

et

  1. and

YolaEdit

ConjunctionEdit

et

  1. Alternative form of at (“that?”)

ReferencesEdit

  • Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 38
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