Translingual

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Etymology

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Possibly from either an Abbreviation of English Estonian or Estonian eesti

Symbol

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et

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Estonian.

English

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Etymology

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From Middle English et, from Old English æt, first and third person singular indicative of Old English etan (to eat). Doublet of ate.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɛt/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛt

Verb

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et

  1. (informal, dialectal) Pronunciation spelling of ate, the simple past and past participle of eat
    • 1896, Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain), Tom Sawyer, Detective [3]:
      So we got to talking together while he et his breakfast.
    • 1907, O. Henry, Seats of the Haughty[4]:
      'Boss,' says the cabby, 'I et a steak in that restaurant once. If you're real hungry, I advise you to try the saddle-shops first.'
    • 1919, Bess Streeter Aldrich, A Long-Distance Call From Jim[5]:
      Well, I don't care if he does! I can remember the time when he et a good old-fashioned supper.
    • 1937, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Hobbit:
      Yer can't expect folk to stop here for ever just to be et by you and Bert.
    • 1946 February 18, Life magazine:
      It must have been somethin’ I et!
    • 1985 February 9, Pip and Jane Baker, The Mark of the Rani episode 2, spoken by the Rani:
      [My banishment was p]etty spite on the part of the Lord President, just because they [my lab mice] et his cat.
    • 1996, Dana Lyons, Cows with Guns:
      They eat to grow, grow to die / Die to be et at the hamburger fry.
    • 2001, Richard Williams, The Animator's Survival Kit, page 220:
      Something I et?
    • 2023, John McPhee, Tabula Rasa, page 28:
      And when the last partridge was et, the last bit of Badajoz goat, I handed the waiter a Visa card.

Anagrams

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Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Uncertain. Attested as "het" in Bogdani. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *i̯et (to set out for; to strive). Compare Old Irish ét (thirst), Irish éad (eagerness, jealousy), Latin sitis (thirst), Tocharian A yat (reach, get). Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *eus-ti-, cognate to Greek αἰτέω (aitéō, to demand, to beg). Orel suggests Proto-Albanian *alk-ti-, drawing comparisons to Lithuanian álkti (to be hungry), Proto-Slavic *olkati (id.), and Old High German ilgi (hunger).[1]

Noun

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et f (plural etje, definite etja, definite plural etjet)

  1. thirst

References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 155

Catalan

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin (accusative of ).

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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et (proclitic, contracted t', enclitic te, contracted enclitic 't)

  1. you, thee (singular, direct or indirect object)

Usage notes

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  • et is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a consonant.
    Et perdràs.You'll get lost.

Declension

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Chuukese

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Numeral

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et

  1. (serial counting) one

Cimbrian

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Etymology

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From Middle High German iezuo, ieze, iezō, from Old High German iozou, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *juta. Cognate with German itzo (modern jetzt), English yet.

Adverb

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et

  1. (Sette Comuni) now
    Et lóofet dar hunt et dar haazo.
    Now the dog runs, and now the hare.
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References

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  • “et” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Crimean Tatar

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *et.

Noun

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et

  1. meat

Declension

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Declension of et
singular plural
nominative et etler
genitive etniñ etlerniñ
dative etke etlerge
accusative etni etlerni
locative ette etlerde
ablative etten etlerden

References

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Danish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse eitt.

Pronunciation

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Article

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et (common en)

  1. (neuter) a, an

Emilian

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Etymology

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From Latin (you).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /et/
  • Hyphenation: et

Pronoun

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et (personal, nominative case)

  1. you (singular)

Alternative forms

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  • Becomes t- before a vowel.
  • Becomes -et when acting as an enclitic (after a consonant).
  • Becomes -t when acting as an enclitic (after a vowel).
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Estonian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *että (compare Finnish että), from the same Proto-Uralic root *e- (this) as Hungarian ez.

Conjunction

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et

  1. that
    Ma tean, et sa oled julm.
    I know that you are cruel.
  2. to, in order to, so that, as to
    Ma sõitsin poodi, et viina osta.
    I drove to the store to buy vodka.

Faroese

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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et

  1. singular imperative of eta

Anagrams

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Finnish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈet/, [ˈe̞t̪]
  • Rhymes: -et
  • Hyphenation(key): et

Etymology 1

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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et

  1. second-person singular indicative of ei
See also
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Etymology 2

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Conjunction

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et (colloquial)

  1. (subordinating) Apocopic form of että

Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Latin et (and).

Conjunction

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et

  1. (coordinating) And, especially as symbolized by an ampersand.

Anagrams

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Franco-Provençal

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Etymology

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Inherited from Latin et.

Conjunction

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et (ORB, broad)

  1. and

References

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  • et in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
  • et in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

French

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Etymology

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Inherited from Middle French et, from Old French et, from Latin et.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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et

  1. and

Usage notes

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  • et is never subject to liaison with a following word, i.e. the t is never pronounced.

Descendants

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  • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
  • English: et

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Ingrian

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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et

  1. second-person singular present of ei
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 32:
      Makkaa aina yksintää, siis et noise läsimää.
      Always sleep alone, so you don't get ill.

References

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  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[6], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 128
  • Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 24
  • Olga I. Konkova, Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку[7], →ISBN, page 95

Italian

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Etymology

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From Latin et (and; plus).

Pronunciation

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  • (before consonants) IPA(key): /e/*
  • (before vowels) IPA(key): /e.t‿/

Conjunction

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et

  1. (archaic, poetic) Alternative form of e

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Latin

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Italic *et, from Proto-Indo-European *éti or Proto-Indo-European *h₁eti.

Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔτι (éti), Sanskrit अति (ati), Gothic 𐌹𐌸 (, and, but, however, yet), Old English prefix ed- (re-). More at ed-.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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et

  1. and
  2. (mathematics) plus
    Duo et duo sunt quattuor.
    Two plus two equals four.
  3. (literary) though, even if

Usage notes

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  • When used in pairs, et...et may function like English both...and.

Quotations

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Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Balkan Romance:
    • Aromanian: e
    • Romanian: e
  • Dalmatian:
  • Italo-Romance:
    • Corsican: e
    • Italian: e, ed (before a word starting with a vowel, especially /e ɛ/.)
    • Judeo-Italian: אֵי (e)
    • Neapolitan: e
    • Sicilian: e
  • Padanian:
    • Gallo-Italic:
      • Emilian: e
      • Ligurian: e
      • Piedmontese: e
      • Romagnol: e
    • Friulian: e
    • Istriot: e
    • Ladin: y
    • Romansch: e, ed
    • Venetan: e
  • Gallo-Romance:
    • Catalan: i
    • Franco-Provençal: et
    • Old French: et, e
      • Middle French: et
        • French: et
          • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
          • English: et
      • Norman: et
      • Picard: et
      • Walloon: et, eyet
    • Old Occitan: e
      • Occitan: e
  • Ibero-Romance:
    • Aragonese: y
    • Mozarabic: א (ʔ)
    • Old Leonese: [Term?]
      • Asturian: y, ya
      • Extremaduran: i
      • Leonese: y
      • Mirandese: i
    • Old Galician-Portuguese: e (see there for further descendants)
      • Galician: e
      • Portuguese: e
    • Old Spanish: é (see there for further descendants)
  • Insular Romance:
    • Sardinian: e

Adverb

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et (not comparable)

  1. also, too, besides, or likewise
    Synonym: quoque
    • 44 BCE, Cicero, De Officiis 1.133:
      Nihil fuit in Catulīs, ut eōs exquisitō iūdiciō putārēs utī litterārum, quamquam erant litteratī; sed et aliī.
      Nothing in the Catuli would have made one suppose them having a somewhat refined litterary taste; yes, they were cultured; but so were others.

References

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  • et in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • et in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • et in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Livvi

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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et

  1. second-person singular indicative of ei

References

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  • N. Gilojeva, S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect]‎[8] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 20
  • Olga Žarinova (2012) Pagizemmo Karjalakse [Let's speak Karelian], St Petersburg, →ISBN, page 142
  • Tatjana Boiko (2019) “ei”, in Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 38

Luxembourgish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *hit. Cognate with German es, English it, Dutch het.

Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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et

  1. Reduced form of hatt (she, her; it)

Declension

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Middle Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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et

  1. Alternative form of het

Middle French

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Etymology

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From Old French et.

Conjunction

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et

  1. and

Descendants

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  • French: et
    • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
    • English: et

Middle Low German

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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et

  1. Alternative form of it.

Declension

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Norman

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Etymology

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From Old French et, from Latin et.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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et

  1. (Jersey) and
    • 2013 March, Geraint Jennings, “Mar martello”, in The Town Crier[9], archived from the original on 13 March 2016, page 20:
      Dans les clios étout nou vait des tracteurs et des machinnes tandi qu'lé travas du fèrmyi r'prend san rhythme coumme tréjous.
      In the fields tractors and machines can be seen too as farm work picks up again as always.

Noun

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et m (plural ets)

  1. (Jersey) ampersand

Synonyms

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North Frisian

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Pronoun

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et

  1. (Mooring, Sylt) Reduced form of hat (it, subject)
  2. (Mooring) Reduced form of ham (it, object)
  3. (Sylt) Reduced form of höm (it, object)

Usage notes

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  • The form et is always unstressed, but not necessarily enclitic like other reduced forms.

Alternative forms

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See also

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Norwegian Bokmål

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Etymology 1

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From Old Norse eitt, the nominative and accusative form of einn. The indefinite article was not used in Old Norse and was likely an influence from other Germanic languages.

Pronunciation

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Article

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et n (neuter indefinite article used with neuter nouns)

  1. a, an (the neuter indefinite article)
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  • ei (feminine indefinite article)
  • en (masculine indefinite article)
  • ett (neuter form of cardinal number)

See also

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  • eit (Nynorsk) (neuter indefinite article)

Etymology 2

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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et

  1. imperative of ete

References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Verb

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et

  1. inflection of eta:
    1. present
    2. imperative

Old English

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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et

  1. singular imperative of etan

Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin et.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /e/
    • The t in this word is merely an adoption of the Latin spelling and was never actually pronounced in Old French, except in the earliest texts, where it is pronounced before a vowel-initial word.

Conjunction

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et

  1. and

Descendants

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  • Middle French: et
    • French: et
      • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
      • English: et
  • Norman: et
  • Picard: et
  • Walloon: et, eyet

Old Norse

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Verb

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et

  1. inflection of eta:
    1. first-person singular present active indicative
    2. second-person singular present active imperative

Pipil

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Etymology

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Compare Classical Nahuatl etl (bean).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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et (plural ehet)

  1. bean
    Xiccohua et pal ticmanat mozta
    Buy beans to boil tomorrow

Salar

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *et. Cognate with Turkish et.

Pronunciation

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  • (Jiezi, Gaizi, Chahandusi, Xunhua, Qinghai, Ili, Yining, Xinjiang) IPA(key): [eʰt]
  • (Ili, Yining, Xinjiang) IPA(key): [eʰtʰ]
  • (Jiezi, Gaizi, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): [æt]
  • (Jiezi, Gaizi, Qingshui, Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): [et]

Noun

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et

  1. meat, flesh

References

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  • Tenishev, Edhem (1976) “ät, eʼt, et”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, pages 300, 328
  • Ma, Chengjun, Han, Lianye, Ma, Weisheng (December 2010) “et”, in 米娜瓦尔 艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 105
  • Yakup, Abdurishid (2002) “eʰt”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon[10], Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 90

Saterland Frisian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old Frisian et, hit, from Proto-Germanic *hit. Cognates include West Frisian it and Dutch het.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ət/
  • Hyphenation: et

Pronoun

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et

  1. unstressed form of dät (it)

Derived terms

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See also

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References

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  • Marron C. Fort (2015) “et”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Scots

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Noun

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et (plural ets)

  1. Shetland form of aet

References

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Semai

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Pronoun

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et[1]

  1. they (3rd person plural pronoun)

Synonyms

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Basrim bin Ngah Aching (2008) Kamus Engròq Semay – Engròq Malaysia, Kamus Bahasa Semai – Bahasa Malaysia, Bangi: Institut Alam dan Tamadun Melayu, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Spanish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin et.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈet/ [ˈet̪]
  • Rhymes: -et
  • Syllabification: et

Noun

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et m (plural ets)

  1. ampersand
    Synonym: y comercial

Further reading

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Tok Pisin

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Tok Pisin numbers (edit)
80
 ←  7 8 9  → 
    Cardinal: et

Etymology

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From English eight.

Numeral

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et

  1. eight

Usage notes

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Used when counting; see also etpela.

Coordinate terms

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Turkish

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Etymology 1

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From Ottoman Turkish ات (et, meat, flesh, pulp),[1] from Proto-Turkic *et (meat).[2]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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et (definite accusative eti, plural etler)

  1. The muscle and fat tissue in humans and animals; meat, flesh.
  2. The muscle tissue in animals used as food.
  3. The muscle tissue of specifically beef or lamb used as food.
    et dönerbeef/lamb döner
  4. Bare skin on body.
  5. The soft, edible part of a fruit between the skin and the core.

Declension

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Inflection
Nominative et
Definite accusative eti
Singular Plural
Nominative et etler
Definite accusative eti etleri
Dative ete etlere
Locative ette etlerde
Ablative etten etlerden
Genitive etin etlerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular etim etlerim
2nd singular etin etlerin
3rd singular eti etleri
1st plural etimiz etlerimiz
2nd plural etiniz etleriniz
3rd plural etleri etleri
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular etimi etlerimi
2nd singular etini etlerini
3rd singular etini etlerini
1st plural etimizi etlerimizi
2nd plural etinizi etlerinizi
3rd plural etlerini etlerini
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular etime etlerime
2nd singular etine etlerine
3rd singular etine etlerine
1st plural etimize etlerimize
2nd plural etinize etlerinize
3rd plural etlerine etlerine
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular etimde etlerimde
2nd singular etinde etlerinde
3rd singular etinde etlerinde
1st plural etimizde etlerimizde
2nd plural etinizde etlerinizde
3rd plural etlerinde etlerinde
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular etimden etlerimden
2nd singular etinden etlerinden
3rd singular etinden etlerinden
1st plural etimizden etlerimizden
2nd plural etinizden etlerinizden
3rd plural etlerinden etlerinden
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular etimin etlerimin
2nd singular etinin etlerinin
3rd singular etinin etlerinin
1st plural etimizin etlerimizin
2nd plural etinizin etlerinizin
3rd plural etlerinin etlerinin

Derived terms

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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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et

  1. second-person singular imperative of etmek

References

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  1. ^ Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ات”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 17
  2. ^ Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “et”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Further reading

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  • et”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

Uzbek

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *et.

Noun

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et (plural etlar)

  1. flesh
  2. meat

Veps

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Verb

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et

  1. second-person plural present of ei

Walloon

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old French et.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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et

  1. and

Yola

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Conjunction

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et

  1. Alternative form of at (that?)

References

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  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 38

Zhuang

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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et (Sawndip form 𬖋, 1957–1982 spelling et)

  1. steamed leaf-wrapped cake made of glutinous rice paste