Hungarian

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Etymology

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An onomatopoeia.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈriː]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -riː

Verb

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  1. (intransitive, literary, folksy) to weep
    Synonym: sír
  2. (transitive, literary, folksy) to say something while weeping

Conjugation

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Conjugation of
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. rívok rísz rívunk rítok rínak
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. ríttam ríttál rítt ríttunk ríttatok ríttak
def.
2nd obj
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ríni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef. rívék rívál ríva rívánk rívátok rívának
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. rí vala, rítt vala/volt.
archaic future indef. rívandok rívandasz rívand rívandunk rívandotok rívandanak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. rínék rínál rína rínánk rínátok rínának
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rítt volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. ríjak ríj or
ríjál
ríjon ríjunk ríjatok ríjanak
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rítt légyen
infinitive ríni rínom rínod rínia rínunk rínotok ríniuk
other
forms
verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
rívás rívó rítt ríva (ríván) ríkat
Potential conjugation of
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. ríhatok ríhatsz ríhat ríhatunk ríhattok ríhatnak
def. intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
2nd obj
past indef. ríhattam ríhattál ríhatott ríhattunk ríhattatok ríhattak
def.
2nd obj
archaic
preterite
indef. ríhaték ríhatál ríhata ríhatánk ríhatátok ríhatának
def.
2nd obj
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ríhat vala, ríhatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. ríhatandok or rívandhatok ríhatandasz or rívandhatsz ríhatand or rívandhat ríhatandunk or rívandhatunk ríhatandotok or rívandhattok ríhatandanak or rívandhatnak
def.
2nd obj
condi­tional pre­sent indef. ríhatnék ríhatnál ríhatna ríhatnánk ríhatnátok ríhatnának
def.
2nd obj
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ríhatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. ríhassak ríhass or
ríhassál
ríhasson ríhassunk ríhassatok ríhassanak
def.
2nd obj
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ríhatott légyen
infinitive (ríhatni) (ríhatnom) (ríhatnod) (ríhatnia) (ríhatnunk) (ríhatnotok) (ríhatniuk)
other
forms
positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
(ríhatva / ríhatván)

With its uncommon transitive forms:

Conjugation of
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. rívok rísz rívunk rítok rínak
def. rívom rívod ríja ríjuk ríjátok ríják
2nd obj rílak
past indef. ríttam ríttál rítt ríttunk ríttatok ríttak
def. ríttam ríttad rítta ríttuk ríttátok rítták
2nd obj ríttalak
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ríni fog.
archaic
preterite
indef. rívék rívál ríva rívánk rívátok rívának
def. rívám rívád rívá rívánk rívátok rívák
2nd obj ríválak
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. rí vala, rítt vala/volt.
archaic future indef. rívandok rívandasz rívand rívandunk rívandotok rívandanak
def. rívandom rívandod rívandja rívandjuk rívandjátok rívandják
2nd obj rívandalak
condi­tional pre­sent indef. rínék rínál rína rínánk rínátok rínának
def. rínám rínád ríná rínánk
(or rínók)
rínátok rínák
2nd obj rínálak
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rítt volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. ríjak ríj or
ríjál
ríjon ríjunk ríjatok ríjanak
def. ríjam rídd or
ríjad
ríja ríjuk ríjátok ríják
2nd obj ríjalak
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rítt légyen
infinitive ríni rínom rínod rínia rínunk rínotok ríniuk
other
forms
verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
rívás rívó rítt rívandó ríva (ríván) ríkat
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
Potential conjugation of
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal
3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal
1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal
3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. ríhatok ríhatsz ríhat ríhatunk ríhattok ríhatnak
def. ríhatom ríhatod ríhatja ríhatjuk ríhatjátok ríhatják
2nd obj ríhatlak
past indef. ríhattam ríhattál ríhatott ríhattunk ríhattatok ríhattak
def. ríhattam ríhattad ríhatta ríhattuk ríhattátok ríhatták
2nd obj ríhattalak
archaic
preterite
indef. ríhaték ríhatál ríhata ríhatánk ríhatátok ríhatának
def. ríhatám ríhatád ríhatá ríhatánk ríhatátok ríhaták
2nd obj ríhatálak
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. ríhat vala, ríhatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. ríhatandok or rívandhatok ríhatandasz or rívandhatsz ríhatand or rívandhat ríhatandunk or rívandhatunk ríhatandotok or rívandhattok ríhatandanak or rívandhatnak
def. ríhatandom or rívandhatom ríhatandod or rívandhatod ríhatandja or rívandhatja ríhatandjuk or rívandhatjuk ríhatandjátok or rívandhatjátok ríhatandják or rívandhatják
2nd obj ríhatandalak or rívandhatlak
condi­tional pre­sent indef. ríhatnék ríhatnál ríhatna ríhatnánk ríhatnátok ríhatnának
def. ríhatnám ríhatnád ríhatná ríhatnánk
(or ríhatnók)
ríhatnátok ríhatnák
2nd obj ríhatnálak
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ríhatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. ríhassak ríhass or
ríhassál
ríhasson ríhassunk ríhassatok ríhassanak
def. ríhassam ríhasd or
ríhassad
ríhassa ríhassuk ríhassátok ríhassák
2nd obj ríhassalak
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ríhatott légyen
infinitive (ríhatni) (ríhatnom) (ríhatnod) (ríhatnia) (ríhatnunk) (ríhatnotok) (ríhatniuk)
other
forms
positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
ríható ríhatatlan (ríhatva / ríhatván)

Derived terms

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Compound words

(With verbal prefixes):

References

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  1. ^ in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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  • in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Anagrams

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Irish

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Etymology

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From Middle Irish , from Old Irish ,[1] from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (ruler, king).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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 m (genitive singular , nominative plural ríthe)

  1. king (male monarch)
  2. king (in chess; in cards; in checkers/draughts)

Declension

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Declension of (fourth declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative ríthe
vocative a a ríthe
genitive ríthe
dative ríthe
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an na ríthe
genitive an na ríthe
dative leis an
don
leis na ríthe
  • Superseded spelling of genitive singular: ríogh
  • Superseded spelling of dative singular: rígh
  • Alternative nominative plural: ríogha
  • Alternative genitive plural: ríogh

Coordinate terms

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Derived terms

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See also

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Chess pieces in Irish · fir fichille (layout · text)
           
banríon caiseal easpag ridire ceithearnach, fichillín
Playing cards in Irish · cártaí imeartha (layout · text)
             
aon trí ceathair cúig seacht
             
ocht naoi deich cuireata banríon fear na gcrúb, buachaill mór

References

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  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 46
  3. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 96

Further reading

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Macanese

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Etymology

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From Portuguese rir.

Verb

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  1. to laugh
    qui istripâto split one's sides laughing (literally, “to laugh until the guts turn over”)
    nê-bôm fazê iou don't make me laugh

References

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Middle Irish

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Etymology

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From Old Irish , from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (ruler, king), which is derived from *h₃reǵ-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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 m (genitive ríg, nominative plural ríg)

  1. king

Quotations

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  • c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
    Boí amra for Laignib, .i. Mac Dathó a ainm.
    There was a wonderful king over the Leinstermen; Mac Dathó was his name.

Coordinate terms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Irish:
  • Manx: ree
  • Scottish Gaelic: rìgh

Further reading

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (ruler, king), which is derived from *h₃reǵ-. Cognates include Sanskrit राज् (rāj, king), राजन् (rājan), and Latin rēx (king).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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 m (genitive ríg, nominative plural ríg)

  1. king

Declension

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Masculine g-stem
singular dual plural
nominative rígL ríg
vocative rígL ríga
accusative rígN rígL ríga
genitive ríg ríg rígN
dative rígL rígaib rígaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Quotations

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  • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 85d7
    amtis forbristi ind ríg [translating principibus oppressis]
    when the kings were oppressed
  • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 127d6
    in tan ro·mmemaid ré nAbracham forsna cóic ríga bertar Loth a Sodaim
    when the five kings who carried Lot from Sodom had been routed by Abraham

Synonyms

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Coordinate terms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Mutation

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Mutation of
radical lenition nasalization

also rrí after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

pronounced with /r(ʲ)-/
unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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