rí
See also: Appendix:Variations of "ri"
Hungarian edit
Etymology edit
An onomatopoeia.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
rí
- (intransitive, literary, folksy) to weep
- Synonym: sír
- (transitive, literary, folksy) to say something while weeping
Conjugation edit
conjugation of rí
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | rívok | rísz | rí | rívunk | rítok | rínak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | ríttam | ríttál | rítt | ríttunk | ríttatok | ríttak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ríni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | rívék | rívál | ríva | rívánk | rívátok | rívának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. rí vala, rítt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | rívandok | rívandasz | rívand | rívandunk | rívandotok | rívandanak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | rínék | rínál | rína | rínánk | rínátok | rínának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rítt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ríjak | ríj or ríjál |
ríjon | ríjunk | ríjatok | ríjanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rítt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | ríni | rínom | rínod | rínia | rínunk | rínotok | ríniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
rívás | rívó | rítt | ― | ríva (ríván) | ríkat | ||||
potential conjugation of rí
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ríhatok | ríhatsz | ríhat | ríhatunk | ríhattok | ríhatnak | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | ríhattam | ríhattál | ríhatott | ríhattunk | ríhattatok | ríhattak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ríhaték | ríhatál | ríhata | ríhatánk | ríhatátok | ríhatának | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. ríhat vala, ríhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | ríhatandok or rívandhatok | ríhatandasz or rívandhatsz | ríhatand or rívandhat | ríhatandunk or rívandhatunk | ríhatandotok or rívandhattok | ríhatandanak or rívandhatnak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ríhatnék | ríhatnál | ríhatna | ríhatnánk | ríhatnátok | ríhatnának | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ríhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ríhassak | ríhass or ríhassál |
ríhasson | ríhassunk | ríhassatok | ríhassanak | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ríhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (ríhatni) | (ríhatnom) | (ríhatnod) | (ríhatnia) | (ríhatnunk) | (ríhatnotok) | (ríhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (ríhatva / ríhatván) | ||||
With its uncommon transitive forms:
conjugation of rí
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | rívok | rísz | rí | rívunk | rítok | rínak | |
Def. | rívom | rívod | ríja | ríjuk | ríjátok | ríják | |||
2nd-p. o. | rílak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | ríttam | ríttál | rítt | ríttunk | ríttatok | ríttak | ||
Def. | ríttam | ríttad | rítta | ríttuk | ríttátok | rítták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ríttalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. ríni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | rívék | rívál | ríva | rívánk | rívátok | rívának | ||
Def. | rívám | rívád | rívá | rívánk | rívátok | rívák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ríválak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. rí vala, rítt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | rívandok | rívandasz | rívand | rívandunk | rívandotok | rívandanak | ||
Def. | rívandom | rívandod | rívandja | rívandjuk | rívandjátok | rívandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | rívandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | rínék | rínál | rína | rínánk | rínátok | rínának | |
Def. | rínám | rínád | ríná | rínánk (or rínók) |
rínátok | rínák | |||
2nd-p. o. | rínálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rítt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ríjak | ríj or ríjál |
ríjon | ríjunk | ríjatok | ríjanak | |
Def. | ríjam | rídd or ríjad |
ríja | ríjuk | ríjátok | ríják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ríjalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rítt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | ríni | rínom | rínod | rínia | rínunk | rínotok | ríniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
rívás | rívó | rítt | rívandó | ríva (ríván) | ríkat | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of rí
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | ríhatok | ríhatsz | ríhat | ríhatunk | ríhattok | ríhatnak | |
Def. | ríhatom | ríhatod | ríhatja | ríhatjuk | ríhatjátok | ríhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ríhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | ríhattam | ríhattál | ríhatott | ríhattunk | ríhattatok | ríhattak | ||
Def. | ríhattam | ríhattad | ríhatta | ríhattuk | ríhattátok | ríhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ríhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ríhaték | ríhatál | ríhata | ríhatánk | ríhatátok | ríhatának | ||
Def. | ríhatám | ríhatád | ríhatá | ríhatánk | ríhatátok | ríhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | ríhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. ríhat vala, ríhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | ríhatandok or rívandhatok | ríhatandasz or rívandhatsz | ríhatand or rívandhat | ríhatandunk or rívandhatunk | ríhatandotok or rívandhattok | ríhatandanak or rívandhatnak | ||
Def. | ríhatandom or rívandhatom | ríhatandod or rívandhatod | ríhatandja or rívandhatja | ríhatandjuk or rívandhatjuk | ríhatandjátok or rívandhatjátok | ríhatandják or rívandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | ríhatandalak or rívandhatlak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ríhatnék | ríhatnál | ríhatna | ríhatnánk | ríhatnátok | ríhatnának | |
Def. | ríhatnám | ríhatnád | ríhatná | ríhatnánk (or ríhatnók) |
ríhatnátok | ríhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ríhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. ríhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ríhassak | ríhass or ríhassál |
ríhasson | ríhassunk | ríhassatok | ríhassanak | |
Def. | ríhassam | ríhasd or ríhassad |
ríhassa | ríhassuk | ríhassátok | ríhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | ríhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. ríhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (ríhatni) | (ríhatnom) | (ríhatnod) | (ríhatnia) | (ríhatnunk) | (ríhatnotok) | (ríhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | ríható | Neg. adj. | ríhatatlan | Adv. part. | (ríhatva / ríhatván) | ||||
Derived terms edit
Compound words
(With verbal prefixes):
References edit
- ^ rí in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading edit
- rí in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Anagrams edit
Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Irish rí, from Old Irish rí,[1] from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rí m (genitive singular rí, nominative plural ríthe)
- king (male monarch)
- king (in chess; in cards; in checkers/draughts)
Declension edit
Declension of rí
Bare forms
|
Forms with the definite article
|
- Superseded spelling of genitive singular: ríogh
- Superseded spelling of dative singular: rígh
- Alternative nominative plural: ríogha
- Alternative genitive plural: ríogh
Coordinate terms edit
Derived terms edit
- iníon rí (“princess”)
- leasrí (“viceroy”)
- mac rí (“prince”)
- Nás na Ríogh (“Naas”)
- rí-ulchabhán (“eagle owl”)
- Rián (“Ryan”)
- rímháistreacht (“virtuosity”)
- ríocht (“kingdom”)
- ríoga (“royal”)
- ríshliocht (“dynasty”)
- ríúil (“kingly”)
- Ruairí (“Rory”)
- soitheach an rí (“cutter (boat)”)
- uirrí (“tributary king”)
See also edit
Chess pieces in Irish · fir fichille (layout · text) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
rí | banríon | caiseal | easpag | ridire | ceithearnach, fichillín |
Playing cards in Irish · cártaí imeartha (layout · text) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aon | dó | trí | ceathair | cúig | sé | seacht |
ocht | naoi | deich | cuireata | banríon | rí | fear na gcrúb, buachaill mór |
References edit
- ^ G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “rí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 46
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 96
Further reading edit
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “rí”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 567
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “rí”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “rí” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “rí” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Macanese edit
Etymology edit
From Portuguese rir.
Verb edit
rí
- to laugh
- rí qui istripâ ― to split one's sides laughing (literally, “to laugh until the guts turn over”)
- nê-bôm fazê iou rí ― don't make me laugh
References edit
Middle Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Irish rí, from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”), which is derived from *h₃reǵ-.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rí m (genitive ríg, nominative plural ríg)
- king
- c. 1000, “The Tale of Mac Da Thó's Pig”, in Ernst Windisch, editor, Irische Texte, volume 1, published 1800, section 1:
- Boí rí amra for Laignib, .i. Mac Dathó a ainm.
- There was a wonderful king over the Leinstermen; Mac Dathó was his name.
Coordinate terms edit
- rígan (“queen”)
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “rí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Old Irish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”), which is derived from *h₃reǵ-. Cognates include Sanskrit राज् (rāj, “king”), राजन् (rājan), and Latin rēx (“king”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rí m (genitive ríg, nominative plural ríg)
- king
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 85d7
- amtis forbristi ind ríg, glosses principibus oppressis
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 85d7
Declension edit
Masculine g-stem | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | rí | rígL | ríg |
Vocative | rí | rígL | ríga |
Accusative | rígN | rígL | ríga |
Genitive | ríg | ríg | rígN |
Dative | rígL | rígaib | rígaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
|
Synonyms edit
Coordinate terms edit
- rígain (“queen”)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “rí”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language