summa
English edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
summa (plural summas or summae)
- A comprehensive summary of, or treatise on a subject, especially theology or philosophy.
- (figuratively) A culmination or archetypal example.
- 1987, Svetlana Alpers, “The Mapping Impulse in Dutch Art”, in David Woodward, editor, Art and Cartography: Six Historical Essays, page 57:
- In size, scope, and graphic ambition [the map] is a summa of the mapping art of the day, represented in paint by Vermeer.
- 1993, Franca Falletti, The David and the Accademia Gallery, page 6:
- The painting is a “summa” of the various trends that intertwined and developed during those crucial years of the early sixteenth century in Florence.
- 1999, Eric Nash, Manhattan Skyscrapers, page 93:
- Rockefeller Center is at once a summa of the Art Deco style, and a look ahead to the Internationalist style that dominated after World War II.
Related terms edit
Anagrams edit
Estonian edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
summa (genitive summa, partitive summat)
Declension edit
Declension of summa (type pere)
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | summa | summad |
genitive | summa | summade |
partitive | summat | summasid |
illative | summasse | summadesse |
inessive | summas | summades |
elative | summast | summadest |
allative | summale | summadele |
adessive | summal | summadel |
ablative | summalt | summadelt |
translative | summaks | summadeks |
terminative | summani | summadeni |
essive | summana | summadena |
abessive | summata | summadeta |
comitative | summaga | summadega |
Further reading edit
- “summa”, in [PSV] Eesti keele põhisõnavara sõnastik [Dictionary of Estonian Basic Vocabulary] (in Estonian) (online version, not updated), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2014
- “summa”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
- “summa”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
- summa in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Ultimately from Latin summa, probably through Swedish summa.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
summa
- (mathematics, uncommon) addition
- Synonyms: yhteenlasku, pluslasku, summaus
- sum (result of addition)
- (in particular) sum, amount (especially of money)
Declension edit
Inflection of summa (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | summa | summat | ||
genitive | summan | summien | ||
partitive | summaa | summia | ||
illative | summaan | summiin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | summa | summat | ||
accusative | nom. | summa | summat | |
gen. | summan | |||
genitive | summan | summien summainrare | ||
partitive | summaa | summia | ||
inessive | summassa | summissa | ||
elative | summasta | summista | ||
illative | summaan | summiin | ||
adessive | summalla | summilla | ||
ablative | summalta | summilta | ||
allative | summalle | summille | ||
essive | summana | summina | ||
translative | summaksi | summiksi | ||
abessive | summatta | summitta | ||
instructive | — | summin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms edit
adjectives
adverbs
verbs
compounds
- alasumma
- arviosumma
- bruttosumma
- jakosumma
- jättisumma
- kokonaissumma
- korvaussumma
- könttisumma
- könttäsumma
- lisäsumma
- loppusumma
- lunastussumma
- lämpösumma
- maksusumma
- neliösumma
- nollasummapeli
- osasumma
- palkintosumma
- rahasumma
- sadesumma
- siirtosumma
- summamuoto
- summamutikassa
- urakkasumma
- vakuutussumma
- vedonlyöntisumma
- vekselisumma
- velkasumma
- veloitussumma
- voittosumma
- välisumma
- yhteissumma
idioms
Further reading edit
- “summa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams edit
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From Latin summa (“sum, summary, total”).
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -ʏmːa
Noun edit
summa f (genitive singular summu, nominative plural summur)
- (arithmetic) a sum; (a quantity obtained by addition or aggregation)
Declension edit
declension of summa
Derived terms edit
- bein summa (“direct sum”)
- dálksamtala (“column total”)
- dálksumma (“column total”)
- deilasumma (“divisor sum”)
- dulritunargátsumma (“cryptographic checksum”)
- dulritunarprófsumma (“cryptographic checksum”)
- ferningasumma (“sum of squares”)
- ferningssumma frávika (“deviance”)
- gátsumma (“checksum”)
- heildarsumma (“grand total, total, total sum”)
- hjátrefjasumma (“cofibred sum”)
- hlutsumma (“partial sum”)
- hornasumma (“angle sum”)
- liðun í beina summu (“direct decomposition”)
- línusamtala (“row total”)
- línusumma (“row total”)
- lokasumma (“total, total sum”)
- núllsummuleikur (“zero-sum game”)
- prófsumma (“checksum”)
- summuaðferð (“method of summation”)
- summuferill (“ogive”)
- summumyndum (“summation”)
- summumyndunaraðferð (“method of summation”)
- summustúfur (“partial sum”)
- summutákn (“summation sign”)
- trefjasumma (“cofibred sum”)
- tvíveldasumma (“sum of squares”)
- tætisumma (“hash total”)
- undirsumma (“lower sum”)
- vigursumma (“resultant vector, vectorial sum”)
- víxlmerkjasumma (“alternating sum”)
- yfirsumma (“upper sum”)
- þversumma (“digit sum, transverse sum”)
Ingrian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Russian сумма (summa).
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈsumːɑ/, [ˈs̠umː]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈsumːɑ/, [ˈʃumːɑ]
- Rhymes: -umː, -umːɑ
- Hyphenation: sum‧ma
Noun edit
summa
Declension edit
Declension of summa (type 3/koira, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | summa | summat |
genitive | summan | summiin |
partitive | summaa | summia |
illative | summaa | summii |
inessive | summaas | summiis |
elative | summast | summist |
allative | summalle | summille |
adessive | summaal | summiil |
ablative | summalt | summilt |
translative | summaks | summiks |
essive | summanna, summaan | summinna, summiin |
exessive1) | summant | summint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 550
Latin edit
Etymology 1 edit
From summus, superlative of superus (“upper, higher”).
Pronunciation edit
- summa: (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsum.ma/, [ˈs̠ʊmːä]
- summa: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈsum.ma/, [ˈsumːä]
- summā: (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsum.maː/, [ˈs̠ʊmːäː]
- summā: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈsum.ma/, [ˈsumːä]
Noun edit
summa f (genitive summae); first declension
- top, summit, highest point or place
- the principal or main thing
- (also mathematics) sum, summary, total
- (Medieval Latin) the quarter, an English unit of weight and volume equal to ¼ ton or tun or 8 bushels
- c. 1300, Tractatus de Ponderibus et Mensuris:
- Saccus lane debet ponderare viginti & octo petras & solebat ponderare unam summam frumenti
- A sack of wool ought to weigh twenty & eight stone & is accustomed to weigh one quarter of wheat.
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | summa | summae |
Genitive | summae | summārum |
Dative | summae | summīs |
Accusative | summam | summās |
Ablative | summā | summīs |
Vocative | summa | summae |
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Albanian: shumë
- Aromanian: sumã
- → Catalan: suma
- → English: summa, sum
- French: somme
- Friulian: sume
- Galician: soma
- → German: Summe, Summa
- → Irish: suim
- Italian: somma
- → Old Polish: suma (learned)
- Portuguese: soma
- → Romanian: sumă
- → Russian: су́мма (súmma)
- Sicilian: suma
- Spanish: soma
- → Spanish: suma
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
- summa: (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsum.ma/, [ˈs̠ʊmːä]
- summa: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈsum.ma/, [ˈsumːä]
- summā: (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsum.maː/, [ˈs̠ʊmːäː]
- summā: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈsum.ma/, [ˈsumːä]
Adjective edit
summa
- inflection of summus:
Adjective edit
summā
Etymology 3 edit
From summum (“highest place”), from summus, superlative of superus (“upper, higher”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈsum.ma/, [ˈs̠ʊmːä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈsum.ma/, [ˈsumːä]
Noun edit
summa
References edit
- “summa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “summa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- summa in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- summa in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to live to a very great age: ad summam senectutem pervenire
- to be reduced to (abject) poverty: ad egestatem, ad inopiam (summam omnium rerum) redigi
- to attain to the highest eminence: ad summam auctoritatem pervenire
- to become famous, distinguish oneself: gloriam colligere, in summam gloriam venire
- to dwell only on the main points: res summas attingere
- to be plunged into the depths of despair: ad (summam) desperationem pervenire, adduci (B. C. 2. 42)
- to rouse a person's expectation, curiosity to the highest pitch: aliquem in summam exspectationem adducere (Tusc. 1. 17. 39)
- to compute the total of anything: summam facere alicuius rei
- to elevate to the highest dignity: aliquem ad summam dignitatem perducere (B. G. 7. 39)
- to confer supreme power on a person: imperium, rerum summam deferre alicui
- to be commander-in-chief: imperii summam tenere (Rep. 2. 28)
- to be commander-in-chief: imperii summae praeesse
- to appoint some one commander-in-chief: imperii summam deferre alicui or ad aliquem, tradere alicui
- to sum up..: ut eorum, quae dixi, summam faciam
- (ambiguous) the surface of the water: summa aqua
- (ambiguous) in the height of summer, depth of winter: summa aestate, hieme
- (ambiguous) to be entirely destitute; to be a beggar: in summa egestate or mendicitate esse
- (ambiguous) to be bound by the closest ties of friendship: artissimo amicitiae vinculo or summa familiaritate cum aliquo coniunctum esse
- (ambiguous) to be in a dignified position: dignitas est summa in aliquo
- (ambiguous) to be in a dignified position: summa dignitate praeditum esse
- (ambiguous) to praise, extol, commend a person: (maximis, summis) laudibus efferre aliquem or aliquid
- (ambiguous) to have reached the highest pinnacle of eminence: summa gloria florere
- (ambiguous) ideal perfection: absolutio et perfectio (not summa perfectio)
- (ambiguous) the learned men are most unanimous in..: summa est virorum doctissimorum consensio (opp. dissensio)
- (ambiguous) to honour the gods with all due ceremonial (very devoutly): deum rite (summa religione) colere
- (ambiguous) to stand in very intimate relations to some one: summa necessitudine aliquem contingere
- (ambiguous) to be in severe pecuniary straits: in summa difficultate nummaria versari (Verr. 2. 28. 69)
- (ambiguous) the welfare of the state: summa res publica (or summa rei publicae)
- (ambiguous) to proceed against some one with the utmost rigour of the law; to strain the law in one's favour: summo iure agere cum aliquo (cf. summum ius, summa iniuria)
- (ambiguous) the command-in-chief: summa belli, imperii (B. G. 2. 4. 7)
- (ambiguous) deep peace: summa pax
- to live to a very great age: ad summam senectutem pervenire
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Alternative forms edit
Verb edit
summa
- inflection of summe:
- simple past
- past participle
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
summa c
Declension edit
Declension of summa | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | summa | summan | summor | summorna |
Genitive | summas | summans | summors | summornas |
Derived terms edit
- borgenssumma
- bötessumma
- engångssumma
- fantasisumma
- försäkringssumma
- försäljningssumma
- garantisumma
- huvudsumma
- hyressumma
- inköpssumma
- jättesumma
- klumpsumma
- köpesumma
- lånesumma
- lönesumma
- lösensumma
- lösesumma
- penningsumma
- poängsumma
- prissumma
- rekordsumma
- slutsumma
- småsumma
- stipendiesumma
- struntsumma
- summa summarum
- summakolumn
- totalsumma
- transfersumma
- tvärsumma
- utgiftssumma
- vinkelsumma
- vinstsumma
- övergångssumma
Further reading edit
- summa in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
- summa in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)