soma
English edit
Pronunciation edit
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈsoʊmə/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈsəʊmə/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - Rhymes: (General American) -oʊmə, (Received Pronunciation) -əʊmə
- Hyphenation: so‧ma
Etymology 1 edit
From New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).
Noun edit
- (anatomy) The whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail.
- The corporeal body, as distinguished from the psyche or soul and the pneuma or spirit.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:body
- (cytology) The bulbous part of a neuron, containing the cell nucleus.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
Etymology 2 edit
Transliteration of Sanskrit सोम (soma). Doublet of haoma.
Noun edit
soma (uncountable)
- (Vedic religion) A ritual drink in ancient Vedic culture, obtained by pressing the Soma plant.
- 2006, Karen Armstrong, The Great Transformation, Atlantic Books, published 2007, page 82:
- Once he had drunk the intoxicating soma, he experienced an ascent to the gods without having to die a violent death, as in the old ritual.
- (by extension, science fiction) Any kind of intoxicating drug.
- 1932, Aldous Huxley, Brave New World[1], London: Chatto & Windus:
- […] there is always soma, delicious soma, half a gramme for a half-holiday, a gramme for a week-end, two grammes for a trip to the gorgeous East, three for a dark eternity on the moon […]
Alternative forms edit
Related terms edit
Translations edit
Anagrams edit
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
soma ? (plural soma's, diminutive somaatje n)
Fijian edit
Adverb edit
soma
- often, frequently
- Synonym: wasoma
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *soma, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *sōmaz, *sōmiz (“suitable”). Related to Karelian šoma, Livvi čoma, Ludian čoma and Veps čoma (with irregular initial consonants due to the affectionate nature of the word).
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
soma (comparative somempi, superlative somin)
Declension edit
Inflection of soma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | soma | somat | |
genitive | soman | somien | |
partitive | somaa | somia | |
illative | somaan | somiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | soma | somat | |
accusative | nom. | soma | somat |
gen. | soman | ||
genitive | soman | somien somainrare | |
partitive | somaa | somia | |
inessive | somassa | somissa | |
elative | somasta | somista | |
illative | somaan | somiin | |
adessive | somalla | somilla | |
ablative | somalta | somilta | |
allative | somalle | somille | |
essive | somana | somina | |
translative | somaksi | somiksi | |
abessive | somatta | somitta | |
instructive | — | somin | |
comitative | — | somine |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “soma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (online dictionary, continuously updated, in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams edit
French edit
Noun edit
soma m (plural somas)
Further reading edit
- “soma”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Galician edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese soma (“top”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin summa (“top”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
soma f (plural somas)
References edit
- “soma” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “soma” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “soma” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “soma” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “soma” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Italian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Late Latin sauma, from alteration of Latin sagma, from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma). Compare the doublet salma (“corpse”). Cognate to French somme (“packsaddle”).
Noun edit
soma f (plural some)
- the load borne by a pack animal
- (by extension) the measure of the capacity of a given animal to bear a load
- (figurative, literary)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- soma1 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).
Noun edit
soma m (plural somi)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- soma2 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Etymology 3 edit
Transliteration of Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).
Noun edit
soma m (plural somata)
- (music, historical, Byzantine Greece) second interval
Further reading edit
- soma3 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Etymology 4 edit
Borrowed from English soma,from Sanskrit सोम (soma), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *sáwmas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáwmas, derived from the root *saw- (“to press out, to extract”).
Noun edit
soma m (invariable) (historical)
- name of an as-of-yet unidentified plant
- soma (juice extracted from the above plant, used as a ritual drink)
Further reading edit
- soma4 in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
Anagrams edit
Italiot Greek edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).
Noun edit
soma n
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
soma
Latvian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Old East Slavic сума (suma) (compare Russian сума́ (sumá)), itself borrowed (via Polish) from Old High German soum (“burden”) (compare German Saum), from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma) (whence also Latin sagma, sauma (“burden saddle, burden”)). The borrowing happened in the 13th century, when Old East Slavic у was still pronounced as [oː]. The word soma is first attested in 17th-century dictionaries with meanings such as “bread sack”, “bag”, “travel bag”.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
soma f (4th declension)
- bag, pack (fabric, leather, etc. object with straps or handles, used for carrying small objects, groceries, etc.)
- pasta soma ― mail bag
- medību soma ― (hunting) game bag
- skolas soma ― satchel, school bag
- iepirkumu soma ― shopping bag
- ceļa soma, ceļasoma ― suitcase (lit. travelling bag)
- rokas soma, rokassoma ― purse (lit. hand bag)
- mugursoma ― backpack, knapsack, rucksack
- (biology, anatomy) pouch (skin fold in marsupials to keep a newborn baby)
- ķengura soma ― kangaroo pouch
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Etymology 2 edit
See soms.
Noun edit
soma m
References edit
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “soma”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).
Noun edit
soma f
- (anatomy) soma (the whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail)
- (anatomy) soma (the corporeal body, as distinguished from the psyche or soul)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Sanskrit सोम (soma).
Noun edit
soma f
- (Vedic religion) soma (ritual drink in ancient Vedic and continuing Hindu culture)
Declension edit
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
soma m anim
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese soma, from Latin summa.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: so‧ma
Noun edit
soma f (plural somas)
- (arithmetic) sum (quantity obtained by addition or aggregation)
- sum (quantity of money)
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: so‧ma
Noun edit
soma m (plural somas)
Etymology 3 edit
Borrowed from Sanskrit सोम (sóma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sauma, from Proto-Indo-European *sew(h)-.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: so‧ma
Noun edit
soma m (plural somas)
Etymology 4 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation edit
- Hyphenation: so‧ma
Verb edit
soma
- inflection of somar:
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Verb edit
a soma (third-person singular present somează, past participle somat) 1st conj.
- to summon
Conjugation edit
infinitive | a soma | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | somând | ||||||
past participle | somat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | somez | somezi | somează | somăm | somați | somează | |
imperfect | somam | somai | soma | somam | somați | somau | |
simple perfect | somai | somași | somă | somarăm | somarăți | somară | |
pluperfect | somasem | somaseși | somase | somaserăm | somaserăți | somaseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să somez | să somezi | să someze | să somăm | să somați | să someze | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | somează | somați | |||||
negative | nu soma | nu somați |
Rwanda-Rundi edit
Verb edit
-soma (infinitive gusoma, perfective -somye)
- to read
Serbo-Croatian edit
Noun edit
soma (Cyrillic spelling сома)
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
soma m (plural somas)
Noun edit
soma f (plural somas)
- a kind of thick flour
Further reading edit
- “soma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swahili edit
Etymology edit
Of Bantu origin.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Verb edit
-soma (infinitive kusoma)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of -soma | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Infinitives | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Imperatives | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tensed forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. |
Derived terms edit
Swazi edit
Verb edit
-sóma
Inflection edit
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Ternate edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
soma
References edit
- Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh
Turkish edit
Noun edit
soma