vif
Bavarian
editEtymology
editFrom French vif, from Middle French vif, from Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”), from Proto-Italic *gʷīwos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editvif (comparative vifer, superlative vifstn) (chiefly Austria)
French
editEtymology
editInherited from Middle French vif, from Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”), from Proto-Italic *gʷīwos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editvif (feminine vive, masculine plural vifs, feminine plural vives)
- (archaic except in set phrases) alive
- Synonyms: vivant, en vie
- mort ou vif ― dead or alive
- lively, brisk
- vivid, bright
- keen, sharp
- (words) poignant, cutting, sharp
- (edges) sharp, jagged
- (medicine) acute, intense, strong
- (feelings, emotions) great, deep
Usage notes
edit- In the sense “great, deep”, the adjective is placed before the noun, e.g. vif plaisir (“great pleasure”), vive tristesse (“deep sadness”). In all other senses it comes after the noun, e.g. vent vif (“keen wind”), musique vive (“lively music”).
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editNoun
editvif m (plural vifs)
- (obsolete) living person
- Synonym: vivant
- flesh, living flesh
- avoir les nerfs à vif ― to be on edge (literally, “to have raw nerves”)
- piquer au vif ― to cut to the quick
- entrer dans le vif du sujet ― to get to the heart of the matter
Further reading
edit- “vif”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
German
editEtymology
editFrom French vif, from Middle French vif, from Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”), from Proto-Italic *gʷīwos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (“alive”).
Pronunciation
editAdjective
editvif (strong nominative masculine singular vifer, not comparable)
Declension
editnumber & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist vif | sie ist vif | es ist vif | sie sind vif | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | vifer | vife | vifes | vife |
genitive | vifen | vifer | vifen | vifer | |
dative | vifem | vifer | vifem | vifen | |
accusative | vifen | vife | vifes | vife | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der vife | die vife | das vife | die vifen |
genitive | des vifen | der vifen | des vifen | der vifen | |
dative | dem vifen | der vifen | dem vifen | den vifen | |
accusative | den vifen | die vife | das vife | die vifen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein vifer | eine vife | ein vifes | (keine) vifen |
genitive | eines vifen | einer vifen | eines vifen | (keiner) vifen | |
dative | einem vifen | einer vifen | einem vifen | (keinen) vifen | |
accusative | einen vifen | eine vife | ein vifes | (keine) vifen |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist vifer | sie ist vifer | es ist vifer | sie sind vifer | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | viferer | vifere | viferes | vifere |
genitive | viferen | viferer | viferen | viferer | |
dative | viferem | viferer | viferem | viferen | |
accusative | viferen | vifere | viferes | vifere | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der vifere | die vifere | das vifere | die viferen |
genitive | des viferen | der viferen | des viferen | der viferen | |
dative | dem viferen | der viferen | dem viferen | den viferen | |
accusative | den viferen | die vifere | das vifere | die viferen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein viferer | eine vifere | ein viferes | (keine) viferen |
genitive | eines viferen | einer viferen | eines viferen | (keiner) viferen | |
dative | einem viferen | einer viferen | einem viferen | (keinen) viferen | |
accusative | einen viferen | eine vifere | ein viferes | (keine) viferen |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist am vifsten | sie ist am vifsten | es ist am vifsten | sie sind am vifsten | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | vifster | vifste | vifstes | vifste |
genitive | vifsten | vifster | vifsten | vifster | |
dative | vifstem | vifster | vifstem | vifsten | |
accusative | vifsten | vifste | vifstes | vifste | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der vifste | die vifste | das vifste | die vifsten |
genitive | des vifsten | der vifsten | des vifsten | der vifsten | |
dative | dem vifsten | der vifsten | dem vifsten | den vifsten | |
accusative | den vifsten | die vifste | das vifste | die vifsten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein vifster | eine vifste | ein vifstes | (keine) vifsten |
genitive | eines vifsten | einer vifsten | eines vifsten | (keiner) vifsten | |
dative | einem vifsten | einer vifsten | einem vifsten | (keinen) vifsten | |
accusative | einen vifsten | eine vifste | ein vifstes | (keine) vifsten |
Further reading
edit- “vif” in Duden online
- “vif” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “vif” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “vif” in Deutsches Wörterbuch von Jacob und Wilhelm Grimm, 16 vols., Leipzig 1854–1961.
Middle French
editEtymology
editFrom Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”).
Adjective
editvif m (feminine singular vifve, masculine plural vifs, feminine plural vifes)
Norman
editEtymology
editFrom Old French vif, from Latin vīvus (“alive, living”).
Adjective
editvif m
Derived terms
editOld French
editEtymology
editFrom Latin vīvus (“alive, living”).
Adjective
editvif m (oblique and nominative feminine singular vive)
Declension
editDescendants
editVolapük
editNoun
editvif
- Bavarian terms borrowed from French
- Bavarian terms derived from French
- Bavarian terms derived from Middle French
- Bavarian terms derived from Old French
- Bavarian terms derived from Latin
- Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Italic
- Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Bavarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bavarian lemmas
- Bavarian adjectives
- Austrian Bavarian
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French terms inherited from Proto-Italic
- French terms derived from Proto-Italic
- French terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French adjectives
- French terms with archaic senses
- French terms with collocations
- fr:Pain
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- French terms with obsolete senses
- fr:Personality
- German terms borrowed from French
- German terms derived from French
- German terms derived from Middle French
- German terms derived from Old French
- German terms derived from Latin
- German terms derived from Proto-Italic
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German 1-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- Rhymes:German/iːf
- German lemmas
- German adjectives
- German uncomparable adjectives
- Austrian German
- Bavarian German
- Switzerland German
- German dated terms
- Middle French terms inherited from Old French
- Middle French terms derived from Old French
- Middle French terms inherited from Latin
- Middle French terms derived from Latin
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French adjectives
- Norman terms inherited from Old French
- Norman terms derived from Old French
- Norman terms inherited from Latin
- Norman terms derived from Latin
- Norman lemmas
- Norman adjectives
- Jersey Norman
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French lemmas
- Old French adjectives
- Volapük lemmas
- Volapük nouns