See also: гряд and grad

Belarusian

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Etymology

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From Old Ruthenian градъ (hrad), from Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ɣrat]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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град (hradm inan (genitive гра́ду, uncountable)

  1. (meteorology) hail (balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation, often in connection with a thunderstorm)
    • 1927, Алесь Гародня, На крэсах, Minsk: Выданьне ЦБ Маладняка, page 55:
      Паабапал дарогі гнуліся да зямлі панурныя каласы зьбітага градам жыта.
      Paabapal daróhi hnulisja da zjamli panurnyja kalasy zʹbitaha hradam žyta.
      Beaten by the hail, dusky ears of rye bent toward the ground on both sides of the road.
  2. hail (a rapid, intense barrage by a large number of projectiles or other objects)
    • 1938 [1848], Charles Dickens, anonymous translator, Домбі і сын, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of Dombey and Son, page 267:
      Не менш раззлаваны быў маёр, калі апранаўся к абеду: у часе гэтай працэдуры на цёмнаскурага слугу сыпаўся град усялякіх прадметаў, пачынаючы з бота, канчаючы шчоткай для прычэсвання і ўключаючы ўсё, што трапляла пад руку яго гаспадара.
      Nje mjenš razzlavany byŭ majór, kali apranaŭsja k abjedu: u časje hetaj pracedury na cjómnaskuraha sluhu sypaŭsja hrad usjaljakix pradmjetaŭ, pačynajučy z bóta, kančajučy ščótkaj dlja pryčesvannja i ŭključajučy ŭsjo, što trapljala pad ruku jahó haspadara.
      [original: Nor was the Major less exasperated as he dressed for dinner, during which operation the dark servant underwent the pelting of a shower of miscellaneous objects, varying in size from a boot to a hairbrush, and including everything that came within his master’s reach.]
    • 1940 [1826], James Fenimore Cooper, anonymous translator, Апошні з магікан, Minsk: ДВБ, translation of The Last of the Mohicans, page 96:
      І зноў з лясных гушчараў вырваўся дзікі, люты крык, і свінцовы град засвістаў над галавамі асаджаных;
      I znoŭ z ljasnyx huščaraŭ vyrvaŭsja dziki, ljuty kryk, i svincóvy hrad zasvistaŭ nad halavami asadžanyx;
      [original: Once more the savage yells burst out of the woods, and the leaden hail whistled above the heads of the besieged]

Declension

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References

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  • Zhurawski, A. I., editor (1986), “градъ”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), numbers 7 (гляденье – девичество), Minsk: Navuka i tekhnika, page 130
  • град”, in Skarnik's Belarusian dictionary (in Belarusian), based on Kandrat Krapiva's Explanatory Dictionary of the Belarusian Language (1977-1984)
  • град” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

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Bulgarian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia bg

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos.

Noun

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град (gradm (relational adjective гра́дски)

  1. town, city
Declension
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Declension of град
singular plural
indefinite град
grad
градове́, гради́ща1
gradové, gradíšta1
definite
(subject form)
градъ́т
gradǎ́t
градове́те, гради́щата1
gradovéte, gradíštata1
definite
(object form)
града́
gradá
count form гра́да
gráda
vocative form гра́де
gráde
градове́, гради́ща1
gradové, gradíšta1

1Rare.

See also

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Etymology 2

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From Proto-Slavic *gradъ, from Proto-Indo-European *greh₃d- or *ǵʰreh₃d-.

Noun

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град (gradm

  1. hail, hailstorm
Declension
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Declension of град
singular
indefinite град
grad
definite
(subject form)
градъ́т
gradǎ́t
definite
(object form)
града́
gradá

Etymology 3

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Noun

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град (gradm

  1. grad (unit of measurement)
Declension
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Declension of град
singular plural
indefinite град
grad
гра́ди
grádi
definite
(subject form)
гра́дът
grádǎt
гра́дите
grádite
definite
(object form)
гра́да
gráda
count form гра́да
gráda

Anagrams

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Macedonian

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ɡrat]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: град

Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ.

Noun

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град (gradm (plural градови, relational adjective градски, diminutive гратче or градец, augmentative градиште)

  1. city, town
Declension
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Declension of град
singular plural
indefinite град (grad) градови (gradovi)
definite unspecified градот (gradot) градовите (gradovite)
definite proximal градов (gradov) градовиве (gradovive)
definite distal градон (gradon) градовине (gradovine)
vocative граду (gradu) градови (gradovi)
count form града (grada)
Derived terms
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See also

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Etymology 2

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.

Noun

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град (gradm (uncountable)

  1. hail (balls of ice)
Declension
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Declension of град
singular
indefinite град (grad)
definite unspecified градот (gradot)
definite proximal градов (gradov)
definite distal градон (gradon)
vocative граду (gradu)

See also

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References

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  • град” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

Anagrams

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Russian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology 1

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From Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.

Cognate with Lithuanian gruodas (Proto-Balto-Slavic *grōda-), Latin grandō, Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut), Sanskrit ह्रादुनि (hrāduni, hail) and possibly with English grind.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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град (gradm inan (genitive гра́да, uncountable, diminutive гра́дик)

  1. (meteorology) hail
    Град идётGrad idjótIt’s hailing.
  2. (by extension) deluge, hail, shower (overwhelming flow or barrage of something)
    град пульgrad pulʹhail of bullets
Declension
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Etymology 2

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Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ), which is a reflex of Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ. Doublet of го́род (górod), which was normally inherited by pleophony. Old Church Slavonic word shows liquid metathesis characteristic of South Slavic area.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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град (gradm inan (genitive гра́да, nominative plural гра́ды, genitive plural гра́дов)

  1. (poetic, archaic) town, city, used as a common city name suffix (Волгоград, Калининград, Ленинград)
    стольный градstolʹnyj gradcapital (city) (modern Russian: столи́ца (stolíca))
    Synonym: (regular term) го́род (górod)
Declension
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Derived terms
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Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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гра̑д m (Latin spelling grȃd)

  1. city, town
  2. fortress, castle
  3. (usually after the preposition у) downtown, city centre
Declension
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Declension of град
singular plural
nominative гра̑д гра̏дови
genitive гра̑да гра̏до̄ва̄
dative гра̑ду гра̏довима
accusative гра̑д гра̏дове
vocative гра̑де гра̏дови
locative гра́ду гра̏довима
instrumental гра̑дом гра̏довима

Further reading

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  • град”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ, from Proto-Indo-European *greh₃d- or *ǵʰreh₃d-.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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гра̏д m (Latin spelling grȁd)

  1. hail
    Synonym: ту̏ча
Declension
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Declension of град
singular plural
nominative град гради
genitive града гради
dative граду градима
accusative град граде
vocative граде гради
locative граду градима
instrumental градом градима

Further reading

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  • град”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Etymology 3

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Borrowed from Latin gradus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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гра̑д m (Latin spelling grȃd)

  1. (mathematics) gradian
  2. degree (measuring unit in various systems; the more usual and general term is сте̏пе̄н or сту̑пањ)
Declension
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Declension of град
singular plural
nominative гра̑д гради
genitive града гра́дӣ / гра́да̄
dative граду градима
accusative град граде
vocative граде гради
locative граду градима
instrumental градом градима

Further reading

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  • град”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

Ukrainian

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Etymology

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From Old Ukrainian градъ (hrad), from Old East Slavic градъ (gradŭ), from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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град (hradm inan (genitive гра́ду, nominative plural гра́ди, genitive plural гра́дів)

  1. (meteorology) hail

Declension

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Declension of град
(inan hard masc-form accent-a)
singular plural
nominative град
hrad
гра́ди
hrády
genitive гра́ду
hrádu
гра́дів
hrádiv
dative гра́дові, гра́ду
hrádovi, hrádu
гра́дам
hrádam
accusative град
hrad
гра́ди
hrády
instrumental гра́дом
hrádom
гра́дами
hrádamy
locative гра́ді
hrádi
гра́дах
hrádax
vocative гра́де
hráde
гра́ди
hrády

References

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