دره

See also: درہ, درة, ذرة, ذرہ, and ذره

Khalaj

Noun

دَره (dara or dərə) (definite accusative دَره‌نی or دَره‌نؽ, plural دَره‌لَر or دَره‌لار)

1. Arabic spelling of dara, dərə (“valley, canyon”)

Declension

Declension of دره

	singular	plural
nominative	دره	دره‌لار
genitive	دره‌ݧ	دره‌لارؽݧ
dative	دره‌قا	دره‌لارقا
definite accusative	دره‌ݧ	دره‌لارؽ
locative	دره‌چا	دره‌لارچا
ablative	دره‌دا	دره‌لاردا
instrumental	دره‌لا	دره‌لارلا
equative	دره‌وارا	دره‌لاروارا

Declension of دره

	singular	plural
nominative	دره	دره‌لَر
genitive	دره‌ݧ	دره‌لَریݧ
dative	دره‌که	دره‌لَرکه
definite accusative	دره‌ݧ	دره‌لَری
locative	دره‌چه	دره‌لَرچه
ablative	دره‌ده	دره‌لَرده
instrumental	دره‌له	دره‌لَرله
equative	دره‌وارا	دره‌لَروارا

Ottoman Turkish

دره

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian دره (darre, “valley; crack, fissure”).

Noun

دره • (dere)

1. valley, dale, vale, an elongated depression cast between hills or mountains

   Synonym: وادی (vadi)

2. rivulet, brook, a body of water smaller than a river usually dry in the summer

   Synonym: چای (çay)

3. ravine, gorge, canyon, gully, a deep, narrow passage with steep, rocky sides

   Synonyms: بوغاز (boğaz), حلق (halk)

Derived terms

• بورغاج دره (burgac dere, “sinuous valley”)
• دره اوتی (dere otu, “dill”)
• دره بكی (dere beğı, “sort of lord”)
• دره تپه (dere tepe, “steep and difficult”)
• طام دره‌سی (dam deresi, “hollow between two slopes of a roof”)
• یابان دره اوتی (yaban dere otu, “wild dill”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: dere
• → Armenian: տէրէ (tērē), դա̈րա̈ (därä)

Further reading

click to expand

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “dere”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1169
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “دره”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 223a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دره”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 570
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Vallis”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1715
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “دره”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 2067
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “dere”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دره”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 898

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic دُرَّة (durra, “single pearl”).

Noun

دره • (dürre) (plural درر (dürer) or درات (dürrât))

1. pearl-grain, a single bead made of pearl

   Synonym: اینجو دانه‌سی (inci tanesi)

Descendants

• Turkish: dürre

Further reading

click to expand

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “dürre”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1330
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962) “dürre”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[6] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 230
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “دره”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[7], Constantinople: Mihran, page 571
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “دره”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[8], Vienna, column 2067
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “دره”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[9], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 899

Pashto

Noun

دره • (dará) f

1. valley
2. gorge, ravine, mountain pass, canyon

References

• “دره”, in Pashto Dictionary, Peshawar, Pakistan: Pukhtoogle, 2020.
• Pashtoon, Zeeya A. (2009) “دره”, in Pashto–English Dictionary, Hyattsville: Dunwoody Press

Persian

Etymology

Uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to tear, split”) or *dʰel(h₂)- ("valley"), the existence of which is uncertain, see Proto-Germanic *dalą for more. Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬭𐬈𐬥𐬁 (darenā) and Sogdian 𐫔‎𐫡 (δar-).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [da.ˈɾa], [daɾ.ˈɾa]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾǽ], [d̪är.rǽ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾǽ], [d̪är.rǽ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾǽ], [d̪är.rǽ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾǽ], [d̪är.rǽ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪æ.ɹé], [d̪æɹ.ɹé]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ä.ɾǽ], [d̪äɾ.ɾǽ]

Readings
Classical reading?	dara, darra
Dari reading?	dara, darra
Iranian reading?	dara, darre
Tajik reading?	dara, darra

Noun

Dari	دره
Iranian Persian
Tajik	дара

دره • (dare, darre)

1. valley

   Synonym: وادی (vâdi)

2. crack
3. fissure

Descendants

• → Gujarati: દરા (darā)
• → Khalaj: dara
• → Ottoman Turkish: دره (dere)
  • Turkish: dere

References

• Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 344