قسم

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ق س م (q s m)
14 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qa.sa.ma/

Verb

قَسَمَ • (qasama) I (non-past يَقْسِمُ (yaqsimu), verbal noun قَسْم (qasm))

1. to divide

   الأستاذ يقسم الفصل إلى مجموعات صغيرة للمناقشة.

   Al-ustādh yaqsimu al-faṣl ilā mujamūʿāt ṣuġayrah lil-munāqashah.

   The teacher divides the class into small groups for discussion.

2. to distribute
3. to determine according to weight and measure
4. to transact a business with justice and fairness
5. (transitive) to disperse

Conjugation

    Conjugation of قَسَمَ (I, sound, a ~ i, full passive, verbal noun قَسْم)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						قَسْم qasm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						قَاسِم qāsim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَقْسُوم maqsūm
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَسَمْتُ qasamtu	قَسَمْتَ qasamta	قَسَمَ qasama		قَسَمْتُمَا qasamtumā	قَسَمَا qasamā		قَسَمْنَا qasamnā	قَسَمْتُمْ qasamtum	قَسَمُوا qasamū
	f		قَسَمْتِ qasamti	قَسَمَتْ qasamat			قَسَمَتَا qasamatā			قَسَمْتُنَّ qasamtunna	قَسَمْنَ qasamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَقْسِمُ ʔaqsimu	تَقْسِمُ taqsimu	يَقْسِمُ yaqsimu		تَقْسِمَانِ taqsimāni	يَقْسِمَانِ yaqsimāni		نَقْسِمُ naqsimu	تَقْسِمُونَ taqsimūna	يَقْسِمُونَ yaqsimūna
	f		تَقْسِمِينَ taqsimīna	تَقْسِمُ taqsimu			تَقْسِمَانِ taqsimāni			تَقْسِمْنَ taqsimna	يَقْسِمْنَ yaqsimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَقْسِمَ ʔaqsima	تَقْسِمَ taqsima	يَقْسِمَ yaqsima		تَقْسِمَا taqsimā	يَقْسِمَا yaqsimā		نَقْسِمَ naqsima	تَقْسِمُوا taqsimū	يَقْسِمُوا yaqsimū
	f		تَقْسِمِي taqsimī	تَقْسِمَ taqsima			تَقْسِمَا taqsimā			تَقْسِمْنَ taqsimna	يَقْسِمْنَ yaqsimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَقْسِمْ ʔaqsim	تَقْسِمْ taqsim	يَقْسِمْ yaqsim		تَقْسِمَا taqsimā	يَقْسِمَا yaqsimā		نَقْسِمْ naqsim	تَقْسِمُوا taqsimū	يَقْسِمُوا yaqsimū
	f		تَقْسِمِي taqsimī	تَقْسِمْ taqsim			تَقْسِمَا taqsimā			تَقْسِمْنَ taqsimna	يَقْسِمْنَ yaqsimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِقْسِمْ iqsim			اِقْسِمَا iqsimā				اِقْسِمُوا iqsimū
	f		اِقْسِمِي iqsimī							اِقْسِمْنَ iqsimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قُسِمْتُ qusimtu	قُسِمْتَ qusimta	قُسِمَ qusima		قُسِمْتُمَا qusimtumā	قُسِمَا qusimā		قُسِمْنَا qusimnā	قُسِمْتُمْ qusimtum	قُسِمُوا qusimū
	f		قُسِمْتِ qusimti	قُسِمَتْ qusimat			قُسِمَتَا qusimatā			قُسِمْتُنَّ qusimtunna	قُسِمْنَ qusimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقْسَمُ ʔuqsamu	تُقْسَمُ tuqsamu	يُقْسَمُ yuqsamu		تُقْسَمَانِ tuqsamāni	يُقْسَمَانِ yuqsamāni		نُقْسَمُ nuqsamu	تُقْسَمُونَ tuqsamūna	يُقْسَمُونَ yuqsamūna
	f		تُقْسَمِينَ tuqsamīna	تُقْسَمُ tuqsamu			تُقْسَمَانِ tuqsamāni			تُقْسَمْنَ tuqsamna	يُقْسَمْنَ yuqsamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقْسَمَ ʔuqsama	تُقْسَمَ tuqsama	يُقْسَمَ yuqsama		تُقْسَمَا tuqsamā	يُقْسَمَا yuqsamā		نُقْسَمَ nuqsama	تُقْسَمُوا tuqsamū	يُقْسَمُوا yuqsamū
	f		تُقْسَمِي tuqsamī	تُقْسَمَ tuqsama			تُقْسَمَا tuqsamā			تُقْسَمْنَ tuqsamna	يُقْسَمْنَ yuqsamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقْسَمْ ʔuqsam	تُقْسَمْ tuqsam	يُقْسَمْ yuqsam		تُقْسَمَا tuqsamā	يُقْسَمَا yuqsamā		نُقْسَمْ nuqsam	تُقْسَمُوا tuqsamū	يُقْسَمُوا yuqsamū
	f		تُقْسَمِي tuqsamī	تُقْسَمْ tuqsam			تُقْسَمَا tuqsamā			تُقْسَمْنَ tuqsamna	يُقْسَمْنَ yuqsamna

Etymology 1.2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qas.sa.ma/

Verb

قَسَّمَ • (qassama) II (non-past يُقَسِّمُ (yuqassimu), verbal noun تَقْسِيم (taqsīm))

1. to divide
2. to distribute

Conjugation

    Conjugation of قَسَّمَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَقْسِيم)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَقْسِيم taqsīm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُقَسِّم muqassim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُقَسَّم muqassam
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قَسَّمْتُ qassamtu	قَسَّمْتَ qassamta	قَسَّمَ qassama		قَسَّمْتُمَا qassamtumā	قَسَّمَا qassamā		قَسَّمْنَا qassamnā	قَسَّمْتُمْ qassamtum	قَسَّمُوا qassamū
	f		قَسَّمْتِ qassamti	قَسَّمَتْ qassamat			قَسَّمَتَا qassamatā			قَسَّمْتُنَّ qassamtunna	قَسَّمْنَ qassamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَسِّمُ ʔuqassimu	تُقَسِّمُ tuqassimu	يُقَسِّمُ yuqassimu		تُقَسِّمَانِ tuqassimāni	يُقَسِّمَانِ yuqassimāni		نُقَسِّمُ nuqassimu	تُقَسِّمُونَ tuqassimūna	يُقَسِّمُونَ yuqassimūna
	f		تُقَسِّمِينَ tuqassimīna	تُقَسِّمُ tuqassimu			تُقَسِّمَانِ tuqassimāni			تُقَسِّمْنَ tuqassimna	يُقَسِّمْنَ yuqassimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَسِّمَ ʔuqassima	تُقَسِّمَ tuqassima	يُقَسِّمَ yuqassima		تُقَسِّمَا tuqassimā	يُقَسِّمَا yuqassimā		نُقَسِّمَ nuqassima	تُقَسِّمُوا tuqassimū	يُقَسِّمُوا yuqassimū
	f		تُقَسِّمِي tuqassimī	تُقَسِّمَ tuqassima			تُقَسِّمَا tuqassimā			تُقَسِّمْنَ tuqassimna	يُقَسِّمْنَ yuqassimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَسِّمْ ʔuqassim	تُقَسِّمْ tuqassim	يُقَسِّمْ yuqassim		تُقَسِّمَا tuqassimā	يُقَسِّمَا yuqassimā		نُقَسِّمْ nuqassim	تُقَسِّمُوا tuqassimū	يُقَسِّمُوا yuqassimū
	f		تُقَسِّمِي tuqassimī	تُقَسِّمْ tuqassim			تُقَسِّمَا tuqassimā			تُقَسِّمْنَ tuqassimna	يُقَسِّمْنَ yuqassimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		قَسِّمْ qassim			قَسِّمَا qassimā				قَسِّمُوا qassimū
	f		قَسِّمِي qassimī							قَسِّمْنَ qassimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	قُسِّمْتُ qussimtu	قُسِّمْتَ qussimta	قُسِّمَ qussima		قُسِّمْتُمَا qussimtumā	قُسِّمَا qussimā		قُسِّمْنَا qussimnā	قُسِّمْتُمْ qussimtum	قُسِّمُوا qussimū
	f		قُسِّمْتِ qussimti	قُسِّمَتْ qussimat			قُسِّمَتَا qussimatā			قُسِّمْتُنَّ qussimtunna	قُسِّمْنَ qussimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُقَسَّمُ ʔuqassamu	تُقَسَّمُ tuqassamu	يُقَسَّمُ yuqassamu		تُقَسَّمَانِ tuqassamāni	يُقَسَّمَانِ yuqassamāni		نُقَسَّمُ nuqassamu	تُقَسَّمُونَ tuqassamūna	يُقَسَّمُونَ yuqassamūna
	f		تُقَسَّمِينَ tuqassamīna	تُقَسَّمُ tuqassamu			تُقَسَّمَانِ tuqassamāni			تُقَسَّمْنَ tuqassamna	يُقَسَّمْنَ yuqassamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُقَسَّمَ ʔuqassama	تُقَسَّمَ tuqassama	يُقَسَّمَ yuqassama		تُقَسَّمَا tuqassamā	يُقَسَّمَا yuqassamā		نُقَسَّمَ nuqassama	تُقَسَّمُوا tuqassamū	يُقَسَّمُوا yuqassamū
	f		تُقَسَّمِي tuqassamī	تُقَسَّمَ tuqassama			تُقَسَّمَا tuqassamā			تُقَسَّمْنَ tuqassamna	يُقَسَّمْنَ yuqassamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُقَسَّمْ ʔuqassam	تُقَسَّمْ tuqassam	يُقَسَّمْ yuqassam		تُقَسَّمَا tuqassamā	يُقَسَّمَا yuqassamā		نُقَسَّمْ nuqassam	تُقَسَّمُوا tuqassamū	يُقَسَّمُوا yuqassamū
	f		تُقَسَّمِي tuqassamī	تُقَسَّمْ tuqassam			تُقَسَّمَا tuqassamā			تُقَسَّمْنَ tuqassamna	يُقَسَّمْنَ yuqassamna

Etymology 1.3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qi.sam/

Noun

قِسَم • (qisam) pl

1. plural of قِسْمَة (qisma)

Etymology 1.4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qasm/

Noun

قَسْم • (qasm) m

1. verbal noun of قَسَمَ (qasama) (form I)
2. section
3. department

Declension

Declension of noun قَسْم (qasm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَسْم qasm	الْقَسْم al-qasm	قَسْم qasm
Nominative	قَسْمٌ qasmun	الْقَسْمُ al-qasmu	قَسْمُ qasmu
Accusative	قَسْمًا qasman	الْقَسْمَ al-qasma	قَسْمَ qasma
Genitive	قَسْمٍ qasmin	الْقَسْمِ al-qasmi	قَسْمِ qasmi

Etymology 1.5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qa.sam/

Noun

قَسَم • (qasam) m

1. oath

Declension

Declension of noun قَسَم (qasam)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قَسَم qasam	الْقَسَم al-qasam	قَسَم qasam
Nominative	قَسَمٌ qasamun	الْقَسَمُ al-qasamu	قَسَمُ qasamu
Accusative	قَسَمًا qasaman	الْقَسَمَ al-qasama	قَسَمَ qasama
Genitive	قَسَمٍ qasamin	الْقَسَمِ al-qasami	قَسَمِ qasami

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: qəsəm
• → Classical Persian: قسم (qasam)
  • → Bengali: কসম (kôsom)
  • → Chagatai: قسم
    • Uyghur: قەسەم (qesem)
    • Uzbek: qasam
  • → Hindustani:
    • Hindi: क़सम (qasam)
    • Urdu: قسم (qasam)
  • → Pashto: قسم
  • → Punjabi: قَسَم (qasam)
  • → Sindhi: قسم
• → Ottoman Turkish: قسم (kasem)
  • Turkish: kasem
• → Turkmen: kasam

Etymology 1.6

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /qism/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

قِسْم • (qism) m (plural أَقْسَام (ʔaqsām))

1. division, sort, part
2. department
3. (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) (grammar) definiteness

Declension

Declension of noun قِسْم (qism)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قِسْم qism	الْقِسْم al-qism	قِسْم qism
Nominative	قِسْمٌ qismun	الْقِسْمُ al-qismu	قِسْمُ qismu
Accusative	قِسْمًا qisman	الْقِسْمَ al-qisma	قِسْمَ qisma
Genitive	قِسْمٍ qismin	الْقِسْمِ al-qismi	قِسْمِ qismi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	قِسْمَيْن qismayn	الْقِسْمَيْن al-qismayn	قِسْمَيْ qismay
Nominative	قِسْمَانِ qismāni	الْقِسْمَانِ al-qismāni	قِسْمَا qismā
Accusative	قِسْمَيْنِ qismayni	الْقِسْمَيْنِ al-qismayni	قِسْمَيْ qismay
Genitive	قِسْمَيْنِ qismayni	الْقِسْمَيْنِ al-qismayni	قِسْمَيْ qismay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَقْسَام ʔaqsām	الْأَقْسَام al-ʔaqsām	أَقْسَام ʔaqsām
Nominative	أَقْسَامٌ ʔaqsāmun	الْأَقْسَامُ al-ʔaqsāmu	أَقْسَامُ ʔaqsāmu
Accusative	أَقْسَامًا ʔaqsāman	الْأَقْسَامَ al-ʔaqsāma	أَقْسَامَ ʔaqsāma
Genitive	أَقْسَامٍ ʔaqsāmin	الْأَقْسَامِ al-ʔaqsāmi	أَقْسَامِ ʔaqsāmi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: qisim
• → Classical Persian: قِسْم (qism)
  • → Bengali: কিসিম (kisim)
  • → Chagatai: قسم
    • Uyghur: قىسىم (qisim)
    • Uzbek: qism
  • → Hindustani:
    • Hindi: क़िस्म (qism)
    • Urdu: قسم (qism)
  • → Pashto: قسم
  • → Punjabi:
    • Gurmukhi script: ਕਿਸਮ (kisam)
    • Shahmukhi script: قِسْم (qism)
  • → Sindhi: قسم
• → Kumyk: къысым (qısım)
• → Ottoman Turkish: قسم (kısm, vulg. kısım)
  • Turkish: kısım
• → Turkmen: kysym

Azerbaijani

Noun

قسم

1. Arabic spelling of qəsəm

Hijazi Arabic

Root
ق س م
4 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic قِسم.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡi.sim/

Noun

قسم • (gisim) m (construct state قِسْم (gism), dual قِسْمين (gismēn), plural أقسام (ʔagsām))

1. section, division, sort, part
2. department

Etymology 2

From Arabic قَسَمَ (qasama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡa.sam/

Verb

قَسَم • (gasam) I (non-past يِقْسِم (yigsim))

1. to swear, to make an oath
2. to divide
3. to distribute

Conjugation

Conjugation of قسم (gasam)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	قسمت (gasamt)	قسمت (gasamt)	قسم (gasam)		قسمنا (gasamna)	قسمتوا (gasamtu)	قسموا (gasamu)
	f		قسمتي (gasamti)	قسمت (gasamat)
non-past	m	أقسم (ʔagsim)	تقسم (tigsim)	يقسم (yigsim)		نقسم (nigsim)	تقسموا (tigsimu)	يقسموا (yigsimu)
	f		تقسمي (tigsimi)	تقسم (tigsim)
imperative	m		اقسم (agsim)				اقسموا (agsimu)
	f		اقسمي (agsimi)

Etymology 3

From Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Noun

قسم • (gasam) m (dual قَسَمين (gasamēn), plural أقسام (ʔagsām))

1. oath

Etymology 4

From Arabic قَسَّمَ (qassama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡas.sam/

Verb

قَسَّم • (gassam) II (non-past يِقَسِّم (yigassim))

1. to divide
2. to distribute

Conjugation

Conjugation of قسم (gassam)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	قسمت (gassamt)	قسمت (gassamt)	قسم (gassam)		قسمنا (gassamna)	قسمتوا (gassamtu)	قسموا (gassamu)
	f		قسمتي (gassamti)	قسمت (gassamat)
non-past	m	أقسم (ʔagassim)	تقسم (tigassim)	يقسم (yigassim)		نقسم (nigassim)	تقسموا (tigassimu)	يقسموا (yigassimu)
	f		تقسمي (tigassimi)	تقسم (tigassim)
imperative	m		قسم (gassim)				قسموا (gassimu)
	f		قسمي (gassimi)

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡi.sam/

Noun

قِسَم • (gisam) pl

1. plural of قِسْمَة (gisma)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Noun

قسم • (kasem)

1. oath

Descendants

• Turkish: kasem

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قسم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1453

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic قِسْم (qism).

Noun

قسم • (kısm, vulg. kısım)

1. part

Related terms

• قسما (kısmen)

Descendants

• Turkish: kısım

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “قسم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[2], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1453

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [qa.sam]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.säm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.säm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qä.säm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qä.säm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qæ.sæm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qä.säm]

Readings
Classical reading?	qasam
Dari reading?	qasam
Iranian reading?	ğasam
Tajik reading?	qasam

Noun

Dari	قسم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	қасам

قسم • (qasam) (plural قسم‌ها (qasam-hâ))

1. oath, swearing

   Synonym: سوگند (sowgand)

Related terms

• قسم خوردن (qasam xordan, “to swear”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic قِسْم (qism).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [qism]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qɪsm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [qɪsm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [qɪsm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [qism]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [qesm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [qism]

Readings
Classical reading?	qism
Dari reading?	qism
Iranian reading?	ğesm
Tajik reading?	qism

Noun

Dari	قسم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	қисм

قسم • (qesm) (plural قسم‌ها (qesm-hâ))

1. part, portion, division
   • Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak, Akbarnama Volume 1
     (Translation by Wheeler M. Thackston)

     گره سیورها که بریاضت و تجرد و حکمت در کل ممالک هندوستان امتیاز دارند زمانه را که بزبان هندی "کال" گویند بر دو قسم منقسم ساخته‌اند

     The Seoras, who are famous throughout India for their asceticism, reclusivity, and wisdom, have divided time, which is called kal in the Indian language, into two parts.

Derived terms

• قسمیدن (qesmidan)

Related terms

• قسماً (qesman)

Punjabi

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian قَسَم (qasam), from Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Noun

قَسَم • (qasam) f

1. oath

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “قسم”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian قِسْم (qism), from Arabic قِسْم (qism).

Noun

قِسْم • (qism) f

1. kind

Further reading

• Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “قِسم”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

Sindhi

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian قَسَم (qasam), from Arabic قَسَم (qasam).

Noun

قسم • (qasamu) m (Devanagari क़समु)

1. oath

Further reading

• Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “قَسَمُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
• “قسم”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian قِسْم (qism), from Arabic قِسْم (qism).

Noun

قسم • (transliteration needed) ?

1. kind

Further reading

• Parmanand, Mewaram (1910) “قِسِمُ”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, Hyderabad, Sindh: The Sind Juvenile Co-operative Society
• “قسم”, in Sindhi-English Dictionary, University of Chicago: Center for Language Engineering, Pakistan, 1866–1938

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ق س م
2 terms

Etymology 1

From Arabic قَسَمَ (qasama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Urban) /ʔa.sam/, [ˈʔa.sam]
• IPA^(key): (Bedouin) /ɡa.sam/, [ˈɡa.sam]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

قسم • (ʔasam) I (present بقسم (biʔsim))

1. to split, to halve
2. (mathematics) to divide

Conjugation

Conjugation of قسم (ʔasam)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	قسمت (ʔasamt)	قسمت (ʔasamt)	قسم (ʔasam)		قسمنا (ʔasamna)	قسمتو (ʔasamtu)	قسمو (ʔasamu)
	f		قسمتي (ʔasamti)	قسمت (ʔasmat)
present	m	بقسم (baʔsim)	بتقسم (btiʔsim)	بقسم (biʔsim)		منقسم (mniʔsim)	بتقسمو (btiʔsimu)	بقسمو (biʔsimu)
	f		بتقسمي (btiʔsimi)	بتقسم (btiʔsim)
subjunctive	m	أقسم (ʔaʔsim)	تقسم (tiʔsim)	يقسم (yiʔsim)		نقسم (niʔsim)	تقسمو (tiʔsimu)	يقسمو (yiʔsimu)
	f		تقسمي (tiʔsimi)	تقسم (tiʔsim)
imperative	m		اقسم (iʔsim)				اقسمو (iʔsimu)
	f		اقسمي (iʔsimi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic قَسَّمَ (qassama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Urban) /ʔas.sam/, [ˈʔas.sam]
• IPA^(key): (Bedouin) /ɡas.sam/, [ˈɡas.sam]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

قسّم • (ʔassam) II (present بقسّم (biʔassem))

1. to divvy up, to apportion, to allocate

   Synonym: وزّع (wazzaʕ)

Conjugation

Conjugation of قسّم (ʔassam)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	قسّمت (ʔassamt)	قسّمت (ʔassamt)	قسّم (ʔassam)		قسّمنا (ʔassamna)	قسّمتو (ʔassamtu)	قسّمو (ʔassamu)
	f		قسّمتي (ʔassamti)	قسّمت (ʔassamat)
present	m	بقسّم (baʔassem)	بتقسّم (bitʔassem)	بقسّم (biʔassem)		منقسّم (minʔassem)	بتقسّمو (bitʔassmu)	بقسّمو (biʔassmu)
	f		بتقسّمي (bitʔassmi)	بتقسّم (bitʔassem)
subjunctive	m	اقسّم (aʔassem)	تقسّم (tʔassem)	يقسّم (yʔassem)		نقسّم (nʔassem)	تقسّمو (tʔassmu)	يقسّمو (yʔassmu)
	f		تقسّمي (tʔassmi)	تقسّم (tʔassem)
imperative	m		قسّم (ʔassem)				قسّمو (ʔassmu)
	f		قسّمي (ʔassmi)

See also

• تقاسم (tʔāsam)

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian قسم (qism), from Arabic قِسْم (qism, “division, sort”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /qɪsm/

• Audio (India):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪsm

Noun

قسم • (qism) f (Hindi spelling क़िस्म)

1. kind, type, category, brand

   کس قسم کا چیز ہے یہ؟

   kis qism kā cīz hai yeh?

   What kind of thing is it?

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian قسم (qasam), from Arabic قَسَم (qasam, “oath, vow”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /qə.səm/

• Audio (Pakistan):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -əm

Noun

قسم • (qasam) f (Hindi spelling क़सम)

1. oath, swearing

Synonyms

• شپتھ (śapath)
• سونہ (sauṅh)
• سوگند (saugand)

References

• Platts, John T. (1884) “قسم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.