くつ
Japanese edit
Etymology 1 edit
Alternative spellings |
---|
靴 沓 (uncommon) 履 (uncommon) 鞋 (uncommon) 鞾 (uncommon) |
⟨kutu⟩: */kutu/ → /kut͡su/
From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū poetry compilation, completed circa 759.[1]
Ultimate derivation unclear. Some Japanese sources suggest a borrowing from or cognate with Korean 구두 (gudu, “shoes”), but then some Korean sources suggest that the Korean term was borrowed from Japanese 靴 (kutsu, “shoes”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- 靴: footwear, footgear: a shoe, (a pair of) shoes
- , text here:
- 信濃道者 伊麻能波里美知 可里婆祢尓 安思布麻之<奈牟> 久都波氣和我世
- 信濃道は 今の墾り道 刈りばねに 足踏ましなむ 沓はけ我が背
- shinanuji wa ima no harimichi karibane ni ashi fumashinamu kutsu hake wagase
- the Shinano road has just been opened; wear shoes, my brother / my dear, so you do not step on the brush stubble [in your bare feet]
- , text here:
Synonyms edit
- シューズ (shūzu)
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
Etymology 2 edit
Alternative spelling |
---|
口 |
/kutu/ → /kut͡su/
From Old Japanese. Appears in compound terms listed in the Wamyō Ruijushō of 938 CE.
The ancient combining form of modern 口 (kuchi).[1] Likely the original form.
No longer productive in modern Japanese. Only found in older compounds.
Pronunciation edit
- The pitch accent is derived from the entire compound word.
Noun edit
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
- 口号 (kutsūta): an improvised poem or song
- 口籠 (kutsuko): a muzzle
- 鼾 (kutsuchi), 癲 (kutsuchi), 癲癇 (kutsuchi): snoring; epilepsy
- 轡 (kutsubami), 銜 (kutsubami), 勒 (kutsubami): a bit(as for a horse's mouth)
- 口巻 (kutsumaki): the winding holding an arrowhead to the shaft of an arrow
- 轡 (kutsuwa), 馬銜 (kutsuwa): a bit (as for a horse's mouth)
Etymology 3 edit
Alternative spelling |
---|
朽つ |
From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[5]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
- 朽つ: Classical Japanese form of くちる (kuchiru)
Conjugation edit
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Irrealis (未然形) | くち | kuti | |
Continuative (連用形) | くち | kuti | |
Terminal (終止形) | くつ | kutu | |
Attributive (連体形) | くつる | kuturu | |
Realis (已然形) | くつれ | kuture | |
Imperative (命令形) | くちよ | kutiyo | |
Key constructions | |||
Negative | くちず | kutizu | |
Contrasting conjunction | くつれど | kuturedo | |
Causal conjunction | くつれば | kutureba | |
Conditional conjunction | くちば | kutiba | |
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) | くちき | kutiki | |
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) | くちけり | kutikeri | |
Perfect tense (conscious action) | くちつ | kutitu | |
Perfect tense (natural event) | くちぬ | kutinu | |
Perfect-continuative tense | くちたり | kutitari | |
Volitional | くちむ | kutimu |
Etymology 4 edit
For pronunciation and definitions of くつ – see the following entries: 倔, 屈 |
(The following entries are uncreated: 倔, 屈.)
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ “朽”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000