履

履	U+5C65, 履 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5C65

履	U+F9DF, 履 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9DF

← 吏
[U+F9DE]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs

易 →
[U+F9E0]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

履 (Kangxi radical 44, 尸+12, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹人水 (SHOE), four-corner 7724₇, composition ⿸尸復)

Derived characters edit

𢖓, 𭌆, 𭗫

References edit

Kangxi Dictionary: page 303, character 41
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7799
Dae Jaweon: page 602, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 980, character 3
Unihan data for U+5C65

Unihan data for U+F9DF

Chinese edit

trad.		履
simp. ^#		履
alternative forms		㞛𡲟𡳐𢔃𨂠㞛𡲟𡳐𢔃𨂠𩕎𨇐

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 履
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

In the bronze inscriptions, an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 眉 + 頁 (“person with prominent head”) + 止 (“foot”) + 舟 (“shoe or (shoe-shaped) boat”). Possibly 履 (OC *riʔ) is also phono-semantic (形聲／形声) with phonetic component 眉 (OC *mril).

According to Shuowen, ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 尸 + 彳 (“road”) + 夊 (“foot”) + 舟 (“(shoe-shaped) boat”). Possibly phono-semantic (形聲／形声) , with 尸 (OC *hli) functioning as a phonetic component corrupted from 眉 (OC *mril). Comparing Qin bamboo slip script, Shuowen seal's 舟 was corrupted from 自, and Qin's 自 was simplified from 頁.

Modern form is a compound of 尸 + 復 (“return”).

Pronunciation edit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): lǚ (lü³)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄩˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): lei⁵, leoi⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): lî
Northern Min (KCR): lṳ̌
Eastern Min (BUC): lī / lṳ̄
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): lí

(Teochew, Peng'im): li²
Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): ⁶li

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: lǚ
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄩˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: lyǔ
  - Wade–Giles: lü³
  - Yale: lyǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: leu
  - Palladius: люй (ljuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ly²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: lei⁵, leoi⁵
  - Yale: léih, léuih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: lei⁵, loey⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: léi⁵, lêu⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /lei̯¹³/, /lɵy̯¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lî
  - Hakka Romanization System: li´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: li¹
  - Sinological IPA: /li²⁴/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: lṳ̌
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ly²¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lī / lṳ̄
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /l̃i³³/, /l̃y³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lí
  - Tâi-lô: lí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lie
  - IPA (Xiamen): /li⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /li⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /li⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /li⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /li⁴¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: li²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: lí
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /li⁵²/
Wu
- (Shanghai):
  - Wugniu: ⁶li
  - MiniDict: li^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³li
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /li²³/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 履
Mandarin	Beijing	/ly²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/ly²¹³/
	Tianjin	/luei¹³/ /ly¹³/
	Jinan	/li⁵⁵/
	Qingdao	/li⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/li³¹²/
	Xi'an	/li⁴⁴/
	Xining	/l̩⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/ly⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/li⁴⁴²/ /ly⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/ly⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/ni⁴²/
	Chengdu	/ny⁵³/
	Guiyang	/li⁴²/
	Kunming	/li⁵³/
	Nanjing	/ly²¹²/
	Hefei	/zz̩ʷ²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ly⁵³/
	Pingyao	/li⁵³/
	Hohhot	/ly⁵³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ly²³/
	Suzhou	/li³¹/
	Hangzhou	/li⁵³/
	Wenzhou	/løy³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/ly³⁵/
Hui	Tunxi	/li³¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/li⁴¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ni⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/li²¹³/
Hakka	Meixian	/li³¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/lei²³/
	Nanning	/ly²⁴/
	Hong Kong	/lei¹³/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/li⁵³/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/ly³²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/ly²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/li⁵³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/li³¹/

Middle Chinese: lijX

Rime
Character	履
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力几切
Baxter	lijX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/liɪ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/li^X/
Shao Rongfen	/ljɪ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/li^X/
Li Rong	/li^X/
Wang Li	/li^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/li^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lǐ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lei⁵

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ijʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*riʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	履
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lǚ
Middle Chinese	‹ lij^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ijʔ/
English	tread on; sandal
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	履
Reading #	1/1
No.	8603
Phonetic component	履
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	履
Old Chinese	/*riʔ/
Notes	說文一曰屍聲，甲文爲眉聲

Definitions edit

履

shoe; footwear
foot
territory
to tread on; to walk on
to put on shoes
to ascend the throne; to assume (a role)
to experience; to undergo
to fulfil; to implement; to carry out
to carry out personally
tenth hexagram of the I Ching

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 鞋 (“shoe”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		屨, 履, 鞋, 屣
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鞋, 鞋子
Mandarin	Beijing	鞋, 鞋巴兒
	Taiwan	鞋子, 鞋
	Harbin	鞋
	Yantai (Muping)	鞋
	Jinan	鞋
	Luoyang	鞋
	Wanrong	鞋
	Zhengzhou	鞋
	Xi'an	鞋
	Yinchuan	鞋
	Lanzhou	鞋
	Xining	鞋, 鞋鞋
	Ürümqi	鞋
	Wuhan	鞋子, 鞋
	Chengdu	鞋子
	Guiyang	鞋
	Guilin	鞋子
	Liuzhou	鞋子
	Xuzhou	鞋子, 鞋
	Yangzhou	鞋子
	Nanjing	鞋子
	Hefei	鞋
	Chuzhou	鞋子
	Singapore	鞋子, 鞋
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	鞋腳
Cantonese	Guangzhou	鞋
	Hong Kong	鞋
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	鞋
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	鞋
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	鞋
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	鞋
	Macau	鞋
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	鞋
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	鞋
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	鞋
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	鞋
	Foshan	鞋
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	鞋
	Foshan (Shunde)	鞋
	Foshan (Sanshui)	鞋
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	鞋
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	鞋
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	鞋
	Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)	鞋
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	鞋
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	鞋
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	鞋
	Taishan	鞋
	Kaiping (Chikan)	鞋
	Enping (Niujiang)	鞋
	Heshan (Yayao)	鞋
	Dongguan	鞋
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	鞋
	Shaoguan	鞋
	Yunfu	鞋
	Yangjiang	鞋
	Xinyi	鞋
	Lianjiang	鞋
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	鞋
	Hepu (Shatian)	鞋
	Beihai	鞋
	Beihai (Nankang)	鞋
	Beihai (Yingpan)	鞋
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	鞋
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	鞋
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	鞋
	Danzhou	鞋
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	鞋
	Singapore (Guangfu)	鞋
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	鞋
	Móng Cái	鞋
	Bangkok (Guangfu)	鞋
Gan	Nanchang	鞋子
	Lichuan	鞋仔
	Pingxiang	鞋子
Hakka	Meixian	鞋
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	鞋
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	鞋
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	鞋
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	鞋
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	鞋
	Conghua (Lütian)	鞋
	Yudu	鞋
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	鞋, 鞋仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	鞋
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	鞋, 鞋仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	鞋
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	鞋
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	鞋
	Hong Kong	鞋
	Senai (Huiyang)	鞋
	Bangkok (Jiexi)	鞋
Huizhou	Jixi	鞋
Jin	Taiyuan	鞋, 鞋巴子
Jin	Xinzhou	鞋
Northern Min	Jian'ou	鞋
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	鞋
Eastern Min	Matsu	鞋
Southern Min	Xiamen	鞋
	Quanzhou	鞋
	Jinjiang	鞋
	Shishi	鞋
	Zhangzhou	鞋仔, 鞋
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	鞋
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	鞋
	Kaohsiung	鞋
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	鞋
	Yilan	鞋仔
	Tainan	鞋仔
	Tainan (Anping)	鞋
	Penghu (Xiyu)	鞋
	Penang (Hokkien)	鞋
	Singapore (Hokkien)	鞋
	Manila (Hokkien)	鞋
	Pingnan (Pingtian)	鞋
	Pingnan (Sijie)	鞋
	Guilin (Biyange)	鞋
	Pingle (Zhoutang)	鞋
	Lechang (Tatou)	鞋
	Yingde (Yuzui)	鞋
	Yunan (Liantan)	鞋
	Chaozhou	鞋
	Shantou	鞋
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	鞋
	Jieyang	鞋
	Haifeng	鞋
	Bangkok (Teochew)	鞋
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	鞋
	Singapore (Teochew)	鞋
	Pontianak (Teochew)	鞋
	Leizhou	鞋
	Wenchang	鞋
	Haikou	鞋
Puxian Min	Putian	鞋
	Putian (Donghai)	鞋
	Putian (Jiangkou)	鞋
	Putian (Nanri)	鞋
	Xianyou	鞋
	Xianyou (Fengting)	鞋
	Xianyou (Youyang)	鞋
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	鞋
Northern Pinghua	Lingchuan (Sanjie)	鞋
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	履
	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	履
	Luxi (Baisha)	履
Wu	Shanghai	鞋子
	Shanghai (Chongming)	鞋子
	Suzhou	鞋子
	Danyang	鞋子
	Hangzhou	鞋子
	Ningbo	鞋, 鞋爿
	Wenzhou	鞋
	Jinhua	鞋
Xiang	Changsha	鞋子
	Loudi	鞋子
	Shuangfeng	鞋子