斡

Translingual

Han character

斡 (Kangxi radical 68, 斗+10, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十十人卜十 (JJOYJ), four-corner 4844₀, composition ⿸龺⿱人斗)

Derived characters

濣

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 478, character 23
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13522
Dae Jaweon: page 837, character 12
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2255, character 7
Unihan data for U+65A1

Chinese

simp. and trad.		斡
alternative forms		越 (oa̍t)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (倝) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
乾	kaːn, ɡran
漧	*kaːn
倝	*kaːns
榦	*kaːns
韓	*ɡaːn
鶾	*ɡaːn
翰	ɡaːn, ɡaːns
瀚	*ɡaːns
螒	*ɡaːns
雗	*ɡaːns
斡	*qʷaːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qʷaːd) : phonetic 倝 (OC *kaːns) + semantic 斗.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): wò (wo⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄨㄛˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): waat³
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vat
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): oat / oa̍t

(Teochew, Peng'im): uêg⁴ / uag⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: wò
  - Zhuyin: ㄨㄛˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: wò
  - Wade–Giles: wo⁴
  - Yale: wò
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: woh
  - Palladius: во (vo)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /wɔ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: waat³
  - Yale: waat
  - Cantonese Pinyin: waat⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: wad³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /waːt̚³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vat
  - Hakka Romanization System: vad`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: vad⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /vat̚²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: oat / oa̍t
  - Tâi-lô: uat / ua̍t
  - Phofsit Daibuun: oad, oat
  - IPA (Xiamen): /uat̚³²/, /uat̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /uat̚⁵/, /uat̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /uat̚³²/, /uat̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /uat̚³²/, /uat̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /uat̚³²/, /uat̚⁴/

Note:

oat - literary (“to turn; classifier; to safeguard”);
oa̍t - vernacular (“to turn”).

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: uêg⁴ / uag⁴
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: uek / uak
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /uek̚²/, /uak̚²/

Note:

uêg4 - Chaozhou;
uag4 - Shantou.

Middle Chinese: 'wat

Rime
Character	斡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	末 (64)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	烏括切
Baxter	'wat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔuɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔʷɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔuɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔwat̚/
Li Rong	/ʔuɑt̚/
Wang Li	/uɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔuɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wut³

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*qʷaːd/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	斡
Reading #	1/1
No.	3710
Phonetic component	倝
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	斡
Old Chinese	/*qʷaːd/

Definitions

斡

to revolve; to spin; to rotate
a surname: Wo
(Southern Min, Taiwanese Hakka) to change direction; to turn
(Hokkien) Classifier for bends, curves or turns.
(Hokkien) curved; crooked; bent
彎彎斡斡／弯弯斡斡 [Hokkien] ― oan-oan-oat-oat [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― zigzagging; meandering
(Zhangzhou Hokkien) to safeguard; to shield; to back; to stick up for

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 轉 (“to turn; to make a turn; to change direction”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		轉, 拐
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	拐
	Taiwan	轉
	Malaysia	轉
	Singapore	轉
Cantonese	Guangzhou	轉
	Hong Kong	轉
	Macau	轉
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	轉
	Penang (Guangfu)	轉
	Singapore (Guangfu)	轉
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	斡
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	斡
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	斡
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	斡
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	斡
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	斡
Southern Min	Xiamen	斡
	Quanzhou	斡
	Zhangzhou	斡
	Tainan	斡
	Penang (Hokkien)	彎
	Singapore (Hokkien)	斡
	Manila (Hokkien)	斡
	Chaozhou	斡
	Shantou	斡

Compounds

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 斡 – see 管 (“to take control of; to be in charge of”). (This character is a variant form of 管).

References

“斡”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

斡

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 斡 (MC 'wat).

Recorded as Middle Korean ᅙᅪᇙ〮 (Yale: qwalq) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.

Recorded as Middle Korean 알〮 (ál) (Yale: al) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

斡

Wikisource

斡 (eumhun 돌 알 (dol al))

Hanja form^? of 알 (“spin”).

Compounds

알선 (斡旋, alseon)
알선죄 (斡旋罪, alseonjoe)

References

국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

Han character

斡: Hán Nôm readings: oát, quản

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References

Nom Foundation