鬚

See also: 须

鬚 U+9B1A, 鬚 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B1A ← 鬙 [U+9B19] CJK Unified Ideographs 鬛 → [U+9B1B]

Translingual

Han character

鬚 (Kangxi radical 190, 髟+12, 22 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹竹竹金 (SHHHC), four-corner 7228₆, composition ⿱髟須)

Related characters

• 髭

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1456, character 38
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45580
• Dae Jaweon: page 1988, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4535, character 11
• Unihan data for U+9B1A

Chinese

trad.		鬚
simp.		须*
alternative forms		須 archaic 䰅 䰑

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (須) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
盨	*sraʔ
須	*so
鬚	*so
嬃	*so
蕦	*so

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *so) : semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 須 (OC *so, “beard”).

Originally written 須, see there for more.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-nwat ~ *s-nut (“mouth”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xū (xu¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sou¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhu¹

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sî
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhiu / su / si

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ciu¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xū
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syu
    • Wade–Giles: hsü¹
    • Yale: syū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiu
    • Palladius: сюй (sjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: sou¹
    • Yale: sōu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sou¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sou¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sou̯⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬu³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sî
    • Hakka Romanization System: xi^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /si²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiu
    • Tâi-lô: tshiu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chiw
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiu³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiu⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: su
    • Tâi-lô: su
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sw
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /su³³/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: si
    • Tâi-lô: si
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sy
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /si⁴⁴/

Note:

• chhiu - vernacular;
• su/si - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ciu¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiu
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiu³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: sju

Rime
Character	鬚
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	相俞切
Baxter	sju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨo/
Pan Wuyun	/sio/
Shao Rongfen	/sio/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/suə̆/
Li Rong	/sio/
Wang Li	/sĭu/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯u/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seoi1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C-[s.n]o/

  (Zhengzhang): /*so/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鬚
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xū
Middle Chinese	‹ sju ›
Old Chinese	/*C-[s.n]o/
English	beard
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鬚
Reading #	1/1
No.	13956
Phonetic component	須
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	須
Old Chinese	/*so/
Notes	須轉註俗字

Definitions

鬚

1. beard; whisker (Classifier: 條／条 c)

   剃鬚／剃须 [Cantonese]  ―  tai³ sou¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to shave one's beard

   虎鬚／虎须  ―  hǔxū  ―  tiger's whiskers

2. antenna; feeler
3. whisker-like

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 鬍子 (“beard”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鬍鬚, 鬍子
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	鬍子
	Taiwan	鬍子, 鬍鬚
	Harbin	鬍子
	Singapore	鬍鬚
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	鬍子
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	鬍子
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	鬍子
	Wanrong	鬍子
	Xi'an	鬍子
	Xining	鬍子
	Xuzhou	鬍子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	鬍子
	Ürümqi	鬍子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	鬍子, 鬍鬍兒
	Wuhan	鬍子
	Guiyang	鬍子
	Guilin	鬍子
	Liuzhou	鬍子, 鬍鬚
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	鬍子
	Yangzhou	鬍子
	Hefei	鬍子
Mandarin	Nanping (Yanping)	鬍子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	鬍鬚, 鬚
	Hong Kong	鬍鬚, 鬚
	Dongguan	鬍, 鬍鬚
	Yangjiang	鬚
Gan	Nanchang	鬍子, 鬍鬚
	Lichuan	鬍子
	Pingxiang	鬍子
Hakka	Meixian	鬍鬚, 鬚菇
	Yudu	鬍子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	鬚菇, 嘴鬚
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	鬚菇, 嘴鬚
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	鬚菇, 嘴鬚
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	鬍鬚, 嘴鬚
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	鬚菇, 嘴鬚
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	嘴鬚
Huizhou	Jixi	鬍子
Jin	Taiyuan	鬍子, 鬍才, 鬍茬茬
	Xinzhou	鬍子, 鬍腮
Northern Min	Jian'ou	鬍鬚
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	喙鬚
Southern Min	Xiamen	喙鬚
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	喙鬚
	Quanzhou	喙鬚
	Jinjiang	喙鬚
	Yongchun	喙鬚
	Zhangzhou	喙鬚
	Taipei	喙鬚
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	喙鬚
	Kaohsiung	喙鬚
	Yilan	喙鬚
	Changhua (Lukang)	喙鬚
	Taichung	喙鬚
	Tainan	喙鬚
	Hsinchu	喙鬚
	Kinmen	喙鬚
	Penghu (Magong)	喙鬚
	Singapore (Hokkien)	喙鬚
	Manila (Hokkien)	喙鬚
	Chaozhou	鬚
	Shantou	鬚
	Jieyang	鬚
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	鬍子, 鬍鬚
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	鬍
Wu	Shanghai	牙鬚, 鬍子, 鬍鬚
	Shanghai (Chongming)	鬍子
	Suzhou	鬍鬚, 鬍子
	Danyang	鬍子
	Ningbo	牙鬚
	Wenzhou	鬍鬚, 下巴鬚
	Jinhua	鬍, 鬍鬚
Xiang	Changsha	鬍子, 鬍鬚
	Loudi	鬍子
	Shuangfeng	鬍子

Compounds

• 不讓鬚眉／不让须眉
• 倒八字鬚／倒八字须
• 倒豎虎鬚／倒竖虎须 (dàoshùhǔxū)
• 八字鬍鬚／八字胡须
• 剃鬚刀／剃须刀 (tìxūdāo)
• 卷鬚／卷须
• 吹鬚睩眼／吹须睩眼
• 喙鬚／喙须
• 婦人生鬚／妇人生须
• 巾幗鬚眉／巾帼须眉
• 拔虎鬚／拔虎须
• 拂鬚／拂须
• 捋虎鬚／捋虎须
• 排鬚／排须
• 撩虎鬚／撩虎须
• 溜鬚／溜须 (liūxū)
• 溜鬚拍馬／溜须拍马 (liūxūpāimǎ)
• 煮粥焚鬚／煮粥焚须
• 燕頷虎鬚／燕颔虎须 (yànhànhǔxū)
• 白髮銀鬚／白发银须
• 碧眼紫鬚／碧眼紫须
• 紅鬚綠眼／红须绿眼
• 羊鬚瘡／羊须疮
• 老貓燒鬚／老猫烧须
• 蓮鬚／莲须 (liánxū)
• 虎鬚／虎须 (hǔxū)
• 虯鬚／虬须
• 蝦鬚／虾须
• 觸鬚／触须 (chùxū)
• 連鬚鬍子／连须胡子
• 電鬚刀／电须刀 (diànxūdāo)
• 髭鬚／髭须
• 鬍鬚／胡须 (húxū)
• 鬚刨／须刨
• 鬚子／须子
• 鬚根／须根
• 鬚生／须生 (xūshēng)
• 鬚眉／须眉 (xūméi)
• 鬚髮／须发 (xūfà)
• 鬚髯如戟／须髯如戟
• 鯨鬚／鲸须 (jīngxū)
• 黃鬚／黄须
• 龍鬚／龙须 (lóngxū)
• 龍鬚友／龙须友
• 龍鬚糖／龙须糖 (lóngxūtáng)
• 龍鬚草／龙须草
• 龍鬚菜／龙须菜 (lóngxūcài)

 

References

• “Entry #13282”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.

Japanese

Kanji

鬚

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. beard

Readings

• Go-on: す (su)
• Kan-on: しゅ (shu)
• Kun: ひげ (hige, 鬚)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
鬚
ひげ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

For pronunciation and definitions of 鬚 – see the following entry.

【ひげ】 [noun] (broadly) facial hair on the upper lip region, the chin, and the cheeks [noun] 鬚: beard, goatee (chin hair) [noun] (figurative) whiskers (of animals) [noun] (figurative) antennae (of insects) [noun] (figurative) corn silk Alternative spellings 髭, 髯

(This term, 鬚, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 鬚 (MC sju). Recorded as Middle Korean 슈 (syu) (Yale: syu) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

鬚 (eumhun 수염 수 (suyeom su))

1. hanja form^? of 수 (“beard”)

Compounds

Compounds

• 수염(鬚髥) (suyeom, “beard, whiskers, moustache”)
• 용수철(龍鬚鐵) (yongsucheol, “spring”)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Vietnamese

Han character

鬚: Hán Nôm readings: tu, tua

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.