alkohol

See also: Alkohol and alkóhól

Basque

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): (Southern) /alkol/, [al.ko̞l]
• IPA^(key): (Northern) /alkohol/, [al.ko̞.ɦo̞l]

Noun

alkohol inan

1. alcohol

Declension

Declension of alkohol (inanimate, ending in consonant)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	alkohol	alkohola	alkoholak
ergative	alkoholek	alkoholak	alkoholek
dative	alkoholi	alkoholari	alkoholei
genitive	alkoholen	alkoholaren	alkoholen
comitative	alkoholekin	alkoholarekin	alkoholekin
causative	alkoholengatik	alkoholarengatik	alkoholengatik
benefactive	alkoholentzat	alkoholarentzat	alkoholentzat
instrumental	alkoholez	alkoholaz	alkoholez
inessive	alkoholetan	alkoholean	alkoholetan
locative	alkoholetako	alkoholeko	alkoholetako
allative	alkoholetara	alkoholera	alkoholetara
terminative	alkoholetaraino	alkoholeraino	alkoholetaraino
directive	alkoholetarantz	alkoholerantz	alkoholetarantz
destinative	alkoholetarako	alkoholerako	alkoholetarako
ablative	alkoholetatik	alkoholetik	alkoholetatik
partitive	alkoholik	—	—
prolative	alkoholtzat	—	—

Further reading

• “alkohol”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “alkohol”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Bikol Central

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish alcohol.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔalkoˈhol/ [ʔal̪.koˈhol̪] (spelling based)
• IPA^(key): /ʔalkoˈʔol/ [ʔal̪.koˈʔol̪] (Spanish based)
• Hyphenation: al‧ko‧hol

Noun

alkohól (Basahan spelling ᜀᜎ᜔ᜃᜓᜑᜓᜎ᜔)

1. alcohol (for sanitation)
2. alcohol (for drinking)

   Synonym: arak

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈalkoɦol]

Noun

alkohol m inan

1. alcohol (any of a class of organic compounds (such as ethanol) containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH))
2. alcohol (intoxicating beverage)

Declension

Declension of alkohol (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	alkohol	alkoholy
genitive	alkoholu	alkoholů
dative	alkoholu	alkoholům
accusative	alkohol	alkoholy
vocative	alkohole	alkoholy
locative	alkoholu	alkoholech
instrumental	alkoholem	alkoholy

Derived terms

• alkoholický
• alkoholik
• alkoholismus
• otrava alkoholem

 

Further reading

• “alkohol”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935-1957
• “alkohol”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “alkohol”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Danish

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɒl

Noun

alkohol c (singular definite alkoholen, plural indefinite alkoholer)

1. alcohol

Inflection

Declension of alkohol

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	alkohol	alkoholen	alkoholer	alkoholerne
genitive	alkohols	alkoholens	alkoholers	alkoholernes

Derived terms

Terms derived from “alkohol”

• alkoholambulatorium n
• alkoholfri
• alkoholholdig
• alkoholiker c
• alkoholiseret
• alkoholisering c
• alkoholisk
• alkoholisme c
• alkoholist c
• alkoholmisbrug c, n
• alkoholmisbruger c
• alkoholpolitik c
• alkoholskadet
• metylalkohol c
• propylalkohol c
• ætylalkohol c

Estonian

Etymology

From German Alkohol.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑlkohol/, [ˈɑlkoɦol]
• Rhymes: -ol
• Hyphenation: Al‧ko‧hol

Noun

alkohol (genitive alkoholi, partitive alkoholi)

1. alcohol (intoxicating beverage)
2. (organic chemistry) alcohol

Declension

Declension of alkohol (ÕS type 19/seminar, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		alkohol	alkoholid
accusative	nom.
	gen.	alkoholi
genitive			alkoholide
partitive		alkoholi	alkohole alkoholisid
illative		alkoholi alkoholisse	alkoholidesse alkoholesse
inessive		alkoholis	alkoholides alkoholes
elative		alkoholist	alkoholidest alkoholest
allative		alkoholile	alkoholidele alkoholele
adessive		alkoholil	alkoholidel alkoholel
ablative		alkoholilt	alkoholidelt alkoholelt
translative		alkoholiks	alkoholideks alkoholeks
terminative		alkoholini	alkoholideni
essive		alkoholina	alkoholidena
abessive		alkoholita	alkoholideta
comitative		alkoholiga	alkoholidega

Derived terms

• alkoholism
• alkohoolne

 

Compounds

• alkoholikauplus
• alkoholivaba

 

References

• alkohol in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
• “alkohol”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

Hungarian

Etymology

From German Alkohol (“alcohol”), from Medieval Latin alcohol (“powdered ore of antimony”), from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɒlkohol]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: al‧ko‧hol
• Rhymes: -ol

Noun

alkohol (plural alkoholok)

1. alcohol (an organic compound)
2. alcohol (an intoxicating beverage)

   Synonyms: (formal) szeszes ital, (jocular) szíverősítő, (slang) pia

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	alkohol	alkoholok
accusative	alkoholt	alkoholokat
dative	alkoholnak	alkoholoknak
instrumental	alkohollal	alkoholokkal
causal-final	alkoholért	alkoholokért
translative	alkohollá	alkoholokká
terminative	alkoholig	alkoholokig
essive-formal	alkoholként	alkoholokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	alkoholban	alkoholokban
superessive	alkoholon	alkoholokon
adessive	alkoholnál	alkoholoknál
illative	alkoholba	alkoholokba
sublative	alkoholra	alkoholokra
allative	alkoholhoz	alkoholokhoz
elative	alkoholból	alkoholokból
delative	alkoholról	alkoholokról
ablative	alkoholtól	alkoholoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	alkoholé	alkoholoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	alkoholéi	alkoholokéi

Possessive forms of alkohol
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	alkoholom	alkoholjaim
2nd person sing.	alkoholod	alkoholjaid
3rd person sing.	alkoholja	alkoholjai
1st person plural	alkoholunk	alkoholjaink
2nd person plural	alkoholotok	alkoholjaitok
3rd person plural	alkoholjuk	alkoholjaik

Derived terms

• alkoholista
• alkoholos

 

Compound words

• alkoholfogyasztás
• alkoholfüggő
• alkoholmentes
• alkoholtartalom
• alkoholtilalom
• cukoralkohol

 

Expressions

• alkoholba fojtja a bánatát

 

Related terms

• alkoholizmus

 

Further reading

• alkohol in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• alkohol in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• alcohol (pre-1947)

Etymology

From Dutch alcohol, from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [alkohɔl]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: al‧ko‧hol

Noun

alkohol (first-person possessive alkoholku, second-person possessive alkoholmu, third-person possessive alkoholnya)

1. alcohol
   1. (organic chemistry) Any of a class of organic compounds (such as ethanol) containing a hydroxyl functional group (-OH).
   2. Ethanol

      Synonym: etanol

   3. (colloquial) Beverages containing ethanol, collectively.

      Synonym: minuman beralkohol

Derived terms

• beralkohol
• pengalkoholan

Further reading

• “alkohol” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

From English alcohol, from Middle English, from Old French alcohol, from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).

Noun

alkohol (Jawi spelling الکوهول, informal 1st possessive alkoholku, 2nd possessive alkoholmu, 3rd possessive alkoholnya)

1. alcohol (intoxicating beverage)

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Medieval Latin alcohol (“kohl, distilled essence, spirit”), from Andalusian Arabic اَلْكُحُول (al-kuḥūl), اَلْقُحُول (al-quḥūl), from earlier Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”), from Classical Syriac ܟܘܚܠܐ (kuḥlā, “kohl; stibium, antimony”), from Aramaic כוחלא, from Akkadian 𒎎𒋆𒁉𒍣𒁕 (guḫlum, “antimony, stibium”).

Noun

alkohol m (definite singular alkoholen, indefinite plural alkoholer, definite plural alkoholene)

1. alcohol (alcoholic beverage; also in chemistry)

Derived terms

• alkoholforbud
• alkoholforgiftning
• alkoholfri
• alkoholholdig
• alkoholinnhold
• alkoholmisbruk

 

Related terms

• alkoholiker

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

alkohol m (definite singular alkoholen, indefinite plural alkoholar, definite plural alkoholane)

1. alcohol (as above)

Derived terms

• alkoholfri
• alkoholmisbruk

Polish

Etymology

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Alkohol, French alcohol, or Spanish alcohol, ultimately from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”). First attested in 1534.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /alˈkɔ.xɔl/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔxɔl
• Syllabification: al‧ko‧hol

Noun

alkohol m inan

1. alcohol (beverage) [from early 19th c]

   Synonyms: alko, coś mocniejszego, trunek

2. alcohol (organic chemistry) [from 19th c]

   Synonym: alko

3. (Middle Polish) finely crushed powder, crushed antimony [16th c.]

Declension

Declension of alkohol

	singular	plural
nominative	alkohol	alkohole
genitive	alkoholu	alkoholi/alkoholów
dative	alkoholowi	alkoholom
accusative	alkohol	alkohole
instrumental	alkoholem	alkoholami
locative	alkoholu	alkoholach
vocative	alkoholu	alkohole

Derived terms

adjectives

• alkoholanowy
• alkoholiczny
• alkoholowy
• antyalkoholowy
• bezalkoholowy

 

nouns

• alkohol etylowy
• alkohol metylowy
• alkoholan
• alkoholiczka
• alkoholik
• alkoholista
• alkoholiza
• alkoholizacja
• alkoholizm
• alkoholog
• alkohologia
• alkoholometr
• alkoholometria
• alkoholomierz
• alkomat
• antyalkoholik

 

verb

• alkoholizować impf

 

Collocations

Collocations

• zakrapiany alkoholem ― boozy
• zamroczony alkoholem ― in an alcoholic haze
• przeżarty alkoholem ― consumed with alcohol
• podniecony alkoholem ― excited from alcohol
• nasączony alkoholem ― soaked in alcohol
• zatruty alkoholem ― poisoned with alcohol
• wypełniony alkoholem ― filled with alcohol
• podrabiany alkohol ― counterfeit alcohol
• mocny alkohol ― strong alcohol
• importowany alkohol ― imported alcohol
• markowy alkohol ― brand alcohol
• polski alkohol ― Polish alcohol
• czysty alkohol ― pure alcohol
• tani alkohol ― cheap alcohol
• dobry alkohol ― good alcohol
• alkohol wysokoprocentowy ― high-proof alcohol
• alkohol alifatyczny ― aliphatic alcohol
• promil/poziom alkoholu ― alcohol level
• wpływ alkoholu ― influence of alcohol
• sprzedaż alkoholu ― sale of alcohol
• zawartość alkoholu ― alcohol content
• stężenie alkoholu ― alcohol concentration
• ilość alkoholu ― amount of alcohol
• rozlewnia alkoholu ― alcohol bottling plant
• dawka alkoholu ― alcohol dose
• woń alkoholu ― scent of alcohol
• przemyt alkoholu ― alcohol smuggling
• rozlewanie alkoholu ― spilling alcohol
• opary alkoholu ― alcohol vapors
• konsumpcja alkoholu ― alcohol consumption
• hektolitr alkoholu ― hectolitre of alcohol
• destylacja alkoholu ― alcohol distillation
• litr alkoholu ― liter of alcohol
• kropla alkoholu ― drop of alcohol
• kieliszek alkoholu ― glass of alcohol
• wyszynk alkoholu ― alcohol taproom
• reklama alkoholu ― alcohol advertisement
• przedawkowanie alkoholu ― alcohol overdose
• butelka alkoholu ― bottle of alcohol
• zapach alkoholu ― smell of alcohol
• przemytnik alkoholu ― bootlegger
• import/przywóz alkoholu ― import of alcohol
• działania alkoholu ― effects of alcohol
• cząsteczka alkoholu ― alcohol particle
• nadmiar alkoholu ― excess of alcohol
• dostępność alkoholu ― availability of alcohol
• hurtownia alkoholu ― alcohol wholesaler
• dawca alkoholu ― alcohol donor
• użycie alkoholu ― use of alcohol
• importer alkoholu ― alcohol importer
• porcja alkoholu ― portion of alcohol
• producent alkoholu ― alcohol producer
• łyk alkoholu ― sip of alcohol
• mieszanina alkoholu ― alcohol mixture
• smak alkoholu ― taste of alcohol
• produkcja/wytwarzanie alkoholu ― alcohol production
• zapas alkoholu ― alcohol supply
• procent alkoholu ― percentage of alcohol
• sprzedawca alkoholu ― alcohol salesman
• kupno alkoholu ― buying alcohol
• zakup alkoholu ― purchase of alcohol
• napływ alkoholu ― influx of alcohol
• szkodliwość alkoholu ― harmfulness of alcohol
• dystrybucja alkoholu ― alcohol distribution
• podaż alkoholu ― alcohol supply
• wytwórnia alkoholu ― alcohol factory
• cena alkoholu ― price of alcohol
• głód alkoholu ― craving for alcohol
• rozkład alkoholu ― breakdown/decay of alcohol
• obecność alkoholu ― presence of alcohol
• poszukiwanie alkoholu ― searching for alcohol
• morze alkoholu ― sea of ​​alcohol
• właściwość alkoholu ― property of alcohol
• zwolennik alkoholu ― supporter of alcohol
• eksport alkoholu ― alcohol export
• pić/wypijać/wypić alkohol ― to drink alcohol
• nadużywać/nadużyć alkoholu ― to abuse alcohol
• spożywać/spożyć alkohol ― to consume alcohol
• sprzedawać alkohol ― to sell alcohol
• przemycać alkohol ― to smuggle alcohol
• kraść/skraść alkohol ― to steal alcohol
• reklamować alkohol ― to advertise alcohol
• handlować alkoholem ― to trade in alcohol
• unikać alkoholu ― to avoid alcohol
• kupować alkohol ― to buy alcohol
• odstawić alkohol ― to lay off alcohol/set alcohol aside
• tolerować alkohol ― to tolerate alcohol
• spróbować alkoholu ― to try alcohol
• kupić alkohol ― to buy alcohol
• zakupić alkohol ― to purchase alcohol
• podawać alkohol ― to serve alcohol
• przetrawić alkohol ― to digest alcohol
• używać/użyć alkoholu ― to use alcohol
• alkohol podrożał ― alcohol got more expensive/the price of alcohol increased
• alkohol smakuje jakoś ― the alcohol tastes (of something)
• alkohol szkodzi zdrowiu ― alcohol is bad/harmful for your health

Further reading

• alkohol in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• alkohol in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “alkohol”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 26

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ǎlkoxol/
• Hyphenation: al‧ko‧hol

Noun

àlkohol m (Cyrillic spelling а̀лкохол)

1. alcohol

Declension

Declension of alkohol

	singular	plural
nominative	alkohol	alkoholi
genitive	alkohola	alkohola
dative	alkoholu	alkoholima
accusative	alkohol	alkohole
vocative	alkohole	alkoholi
locative	alkoholu	alkoholima
instrumental	alkoholom	alkoholima

References

• “alkohol” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈaɫkɔɦɔɫ/

Noun

alkohol m inan (genitive singular alkoholu, nominative plural alkoholy, genitive plural alkoholov, declension pattern of dub)

1. alcohol

Declension

Declension of alkohol

	singular	plural
nominative	alkohol	alkoholy
genitive	alkoholu	alkoholov
dative	alkoholu	alkoholom
accusative	alkohol	alkoholy
locative	alkohole	alkoholoch
instrumental	alkoholom	alkoholmi

Derived terms

• alkoholik
• alkoholický
• alkoholový

Further reading

• “alkohol”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /alkɔxóːl/

Noun

alkohọ̑l m inan

1. alcohol (intoxicating beverage)

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	alkohól
gen. sing.	alkohóla
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	alkohól	alkohóla	alkohóli
genitive (rodȋlnik)	alkohóla	alkohólov	alkohólov
dative (dajȃlnik)	alkohólu	alkohóloma	alkohólom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	alkohól	alkohóla	alkohóle
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	alkohólu	alkohólih	alkohólih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	alkohólom	alkohóloma	alkohóli

Further reading

• “alkohol”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Swedish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈalkʊˌhoːl/, /alkʊˈhoːl/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

alkohol c

1. (countable or uncountable, organic chemistry) alcohol
2. (uncountable, beverages) alcohol; beverage containing ethanol

Declension

Declension of alkohol
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	alkohol	alkoholen	alkoholer	alkoholerna
Genitive	alkohols	alkoholens	alkoholers	alkoholernas

Synonyms

• (beverage): sprit

Derived terms

• alkoholmissbruk
• alkoholstyrka (“amount of alcohol in a beverage”)

Related terms

• alkoholhaltig
• alkoholist
• alkoholism

References

• alkohol in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• alkohol in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• alkohol in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• alkuol

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish alcohol (“alcohol”), but with the silent ⟨h⟩ pronounced as /h/ due to English influence (compare hedonismo, Hispanismo, Hinduismo, homiliya, nihilismo, rehabilitasyon), from Andalusian Arabic اَلْكُحُول (al-kuḥū́l), from Arabic اَلْكُحْل (al-kuḥl, “kohl”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔalkoˈhol/ [ʔɐl.koˈhol]
• Rhymes: -ol
• Syllabification: al‧ko‧hol

Noun

alkohól (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎ᜔ᜃᜓᜑᜓᜎ᜔)

1. (organic chemistry) alcohol
2. alcoholic beverage

   Synonyms: alak, agwardiyente

3. (colloquial) rubbing alcohol; isopropyl alcohol

Derived terms

• alkoholan
• alkoholin

 

Related terms

• alkoholado
• alkoholiko
• alkoholisa
• alkoholismo
• alkohometro

 

Further reading

• “alkohol”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English alcohol.

Noun

alkohol

1. alcohol