carmen
English edit
Noun edit
carmen
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈkar.men/, [ˈkärmɛn]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈkar.men/, [ˈkärmen]
Etymology 1 edit
According to Varro its earlier form was casmen, but it may be from Proto-Italic *kanmen, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂nmn̥, from *keh₂n- (“to sing”) (whence canō (“I sing, chant”)). Similar to germen for *genmen.
Alternative etymology connects casmen, *cansmen to Proto-Indo-European *ḱens- (“to speak in a florid, solemn style, attest, witness”), relating it to Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌶𐌾𐌰𐌽 (hazjan, “to praise”), Old English herian (“to praise, extol, commend”). See Camēna, Casmēna. Compare Latin Casmenae.
Noun edit
carmen n (genitive carminis); third declension
- (usually poetic) song, tune
- a composition in verse, a poem; poetry, verse, song
- poem, poetry (strictly any poem or poetry that can be sung), verse (esp. lyric or epic verse)
- incantation, charm, spell
- play, playing (of music)
- Synonym: cantiō
- Carmina Burana ― Songs of Beuern
- prayer (refers to prayers being composed in verse)
- formula (refers to the formula of verse found in ancient prayers or magical spells)
- (prosaic) oracle (infrequent but used to refer to the poetic form in which prophecies were spoken)
- ritual (involving verse)
Usage notes edit
The difference between carmen and cantus when signifying "song" is that carmen is used more frequently in poetry, whereas cantus is used more frequently in prose.
Declension edit
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | carmen | carmina |
Genitive | carminis | carminum |
Dative | carminī | carminibus |
Accusative | carmen | carmina |
Ablative | carmine | carminibus |
Vocative | carmen | carmina |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- English: charm (through Old French)
- French: charme
- Basque: xarma
- Italian: carme
- Portuguese: carme
- Sicilian: carminu
- Spanish: carmen
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Indo-European *kr̥s-mn̥, from *(s)kers- (“to scratch”) + *-mn̥. Cognate with Lithuanian kar̃šti (“to comb (wool or linen)”), Latvian kā̀rst (“to comb (wool or linen)”), Sanskrit कषति (káṣati, “to scrape, scratch”), Old High German skerran (“to scratch”). Equivalent to car(r)ō (“to card (wool)”) + -men.
Noun edit
carmen n (genitive carminis); third declension
Declension edit
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | carmen | carmina |
Genitive | carminis | carminum |
Dative | carminī | carminibus |
Accusative | carmen | carmina |
Ablative | carmine | carminibus |
Vocative | carmen | carmina |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “carmen”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “carmen”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- carmen in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- carmen in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- epic poetry: carmen epicum
- to recite a poem, line with appropriate action: carmen, versum agere
- to read a piece of verse with expression: carmen recitare
- to recite a piece of verse (without gestures): carmen pronuntiare
- a rough poem; an extempore effusion: carmen inconditum
- a choric ode in a tragedy: carmen chori, canticum
- to read prayers for the congregation to repeat: praeire verba (carmen) (Liv. 31. 17)
- (ambiguous) to write poetry with facility: carmina , versus fundere (De Or. 3. 50)
- epic poetry: carmen epicum
- “carmen”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- carmen in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016
Anagrams edit
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Arabic كَرْم (karm, “vineyard”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
carmen m (plural cármenes)
- a type of house in Granada
Further reading edit
- “carmen”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014