tune

English edit

English Wikipedia has an article on:

tune

Alternative forms edit

toon (eye-dialect)

Etymology edit

From Middle English tune, an unexplained variant of tone,^[1] from Old French ton, from Latin tonus, from Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos, “a tone”). Doublet of tone, ton, and tonus.

Pronunciation edit

(UK) IPA^(key): /tjuːn/, /tʃuːn/
- Audio (UK) (file)
(US, Canada) IPA^(key): /t(j)un/
- Audio (US) (file)
(Wales, Canada) IPA^(key): /tɪu̯n/
Rhymes: -uːn
Homophone: chewn (among those with yod-coalescence in stressed syllables)
Hyphenation: tune

Noun edit

tune (countable and uncountable, plural tunes)

A melody.
A song, or short musical composition.
(informal) The act of tuning or maintenance.
Your engine needs a good tune.
The state or condition of being correctly tuned.
Your engine is now in tune.

This piano is not in tune.
(obsolete) Temper; frame of mind.
(obsolete) A sound; a note; a tone.
- c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii], page 12, column 2:
  Pray you now, if it may the ſtand with the tune of your voices, that I may bee Conſull, I haue heere the Cuſtomarie Gowne.
(obsolete) Order; harmony; concord.
- 1693, [John Locke], “§72”, in Some Thoughts Concerning Education, London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], →OCLC, page 76:
  A child will learn three times as much when he is in tune, as when he […] is dragged unwillingly to [his task].

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

tone

Descendants edit

→ Welsh: tiwn

Translations edit

melody

Albanian: melodi (sq) f
Arabic: لَحْن m (laḥn)
Armenian: մեղեդի (hy) (meġedi)
Azerbaijani: nəğmə (az)
Basque: melodia
Belarusian: мело́дыя f (mjelódyja), маты́ў m (matýŭ), напе́ў m (napjéŭ)
Bulgarian: мело́дия (bg) f (melódija), моти́в (bg) m (motív), напе́в (bg) m (napév)
Burmese: တေးသွား (my) (te:swa:)
Catalan: melodia (ca) f
Chinese:
Dungan: чүзы (čüzɨ), чүр (čür)

Mandarin: 曲調／曲调 (zh) (qǔdiào), 曲子 (zh) (qǔzi), 樂曲／乐曲 (zh) (yuèqǔ)
Czech: melodie (cs) f, nápěv m
Danish: melodi (da) c
Dutch: melodie (nl) f
Esperanto: melodio
Estonian: meloodia
Finnish: sävel (fi)
French: mélodie (fr) f, air (fr) m
Galician: melodía (gl) f
Georgian: მელოდია (melodia)
German: Melodie (de) f
Greek: μελωδία (el) f (melodía)
Ancient: μέλος n (mélos)
Hebrew: מַנְגִּינָה (he) f (manginá)
Hungarian: dallam (hu), melódia (hu)
Irish: ^{(please verify)} ábhann (ga) m, tiúin f
Italian: melodia (it) f
Japanese: 曲 (ja) (きょく, kyoku), チューン (chūn), 楽曲 (ja) (がっきょく, gakkyoku), 旋律 (ja) (せんりつ, senritsu)
Khmer: បទភ្លេង (bɑt phleing)
Korean: 곡(曲) (ko) (gok), 곡조(曲調) (ko) (gokjo), 악곡(樂曲) (ko) (akgok), 선율(旋律) (ko) (seonyul)
Lao: ທຳນອງ (tham nǭng)
Latin: canor m
Latvian: melodija f
Lithuanian: melodija f
Macedonian: мелодија f (melodija), напев m (napev)
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: ая (mn) (aja)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: melodi (no) m
Plautdietsch: Wies f
Polish: melodia (pl) f
Portuguese: melodia (pt) f
Romanian: melodie (ro) f
Russian: мело́дия (ru) f (melódija), моти́в (ru) m (motív), напе́в (ru) m (napév)
Scottish Gaelic: port m, fonn m, mànran m
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: мѐло̄дија f

Roman: mèlōdija (sh) f
Slovak: melódia f, nápev m
Slovene: melodija f
Spanish: melodía (es) f
Swedish: melodi (sv) c
Tagalog: tunig
Thai: ทำนอง (th) (tam-nɔɔng)
Tocharian B: kene
Ukrainian: мело́дія (uk) f (melódija), моти́в m (motýv), на́спів m (náspiv)
Vietnamese: điệu nhạc, âm điệu (vi)
Zazaki: hewa (diq) c

song, short musical composition

Azerbaijani: mahnı (az)
Basque: doinu
Bulgarian: пе́сен (bg) f (pésen)
Catalan: tonada f
Finnish: sävelmä (fi), ralli (fi), laulelma
Hebrew: שִׁיר (he) m (shir)
Irish: ^{(please verify)} ábhann (ga) m, tiúin f
Italian: composizione (it) f
Latin: canor
Ottoman Turkish: ایر (ır), شرقی (şarkı)
Russian: мело́дия (ru) f (melódija)
Spanish: tonada (es) f
Swedish: låt (sv) c, melodi (sv) c
Tagalog: tunig

informal: act of tuning

Bulgarian: настро́йка (bg) f (nastrójka)
Finnish: säätö (fi), tuunaus (fi)
Italian: regolazione (it) f, messa a punto
Portuguese: tunar (pt)
Russian: настро́йка (ru) f (nastrójka)

state of being correctly tuned

Finnish: vire (fi)
Russian: настро́енный (ru) (nastrójennyj)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

Dutch: ^{(please verify)} deun (nl) m, ^{(please verify)} wijs (nl) f or m
French: ^{(please verify)} tube (fr) m (slang)
Icelandic: ^{(please verify)} lag (is) n
Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: ^{(please verify)} ئاواز (awaz)
Mandarin:
Mandarin: ^{(please verify)} 曲調／曲调 (zh) (qǔdiào), ^{(please verify)} 曲调 (zh) (qǔdiào), ^{(please verify)} 曲子 (zh) (qǔzi), ^{(please verify)} 歌曲 (zh) (gēqǔ)

Interjection edit

tune

(UK, slang) Used to show appreciation or approval of a song.
You heard the new Rizzle Kicks song? — Tune!

Translations edit

Translations

Spanish: temazo m

Verb edit

tune (third-person singular simple present tunes, present participle tuning, simple past and past participle tuned)

To adjust (a musical instrument) so that it produces the correct pitches.
to tune a piano or a violin
- 1568, William Cornishe [i.e., William Cornysh], “In the Fleete Made by Me William Cornishe otherwise Called Nyshwhete Chapelman with the Most Famose and Noble Kyng Henry the VII. His Reygne the XIX. Yere the Moneth of July. A Treatise betwene Trouth, and Information.”, in John Skelton, edited by J[ohn] S[tow], Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate, London: […] Thomas Marshe, →OCLC; republished as Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate to King Henry the VIIIth, London: […] C. Davis […], 1736, →OCLC, page 290:
  The Harpe. […] A harper with his wreſt maye tune the harpe wrong
  Mys tunying of an Inſtrument ſhal hurt a true ſonge
- 1681, John Dryden, The Spanish Fryar: Or, the Double Discovery. […], London: […] Richard Tonson and Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act II, page 21:
  She bids me hope; oh Heav'ns; ſhe pities me!
  And pity ſtill foreruns approching love;
  As Lightning does the Thunder! Tune your Harps
  Ye Angels to that ſound; and thou, my Heart,
  Make room to entertain thy flowing Joy.
- 1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden, transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Tenth Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: Printed for Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC, page 199:
  Fortune foretun'd the Dying Notes of Rome:
  Till I, thy Conſul ſole, conſol'd thy Doom.
To adjust or modify (especially a mechanical or electrical device) so that it functions optimally.
Coordinate term: dial in

Tuning the engine gave me an extra twenty horsepower.

Tune your mind, and anything becomes possible.
To adjust the frequency on a radio or TV set, so as to receive the desired channel.
Synonym: tune in

Tune to Channel 6 for all your favourite daytime shows.
Of faculties, senses, etc.: to adapt to or direct towards a particular target.
My ears were tuned to the sounds of the forest.
To make more precise, intense, or effective; to put into a proper state or disposition.
- c. 1604–1605 (date written), William Shakespeare, “All’s Well, that Ends Well”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 246, column 2:
  [H]ee hath incurred the euerlaſting diſpleaſure of the King, who had euen tun'd his bounty to ſing happineſſe to him.
To attune; to adapt in style of music; to make harmonious.
- c. 1630, John Milton, “The Passion”, in Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], published 1646, →OCLC, stanza II, page 17:
  For now to ſorrow must I tune my ſong,
  And ſet my Harpe to notes of ſaddeſt wo, […]
(transitive) To give a certain tone or character to.
(transitive) To set (lyrics) to music.
- 1977 April 9, Charley Shively, “Ginsberg Triumphant”, in Gay Community News, page 12:
  Ginsberg sang some poems from William Blake which he had "tuned".
(obsolete) To sing with melody or harmony.
- c. 1595–1596 (date written), W. Shakespere [i.e., William Shakespeare], A Pleasant Conceited Comedie Called, Loues Labors Lost. […] (First Quarto), London: […] W[illiam] W[hite] for Cut[h]bert Burby, published 1598, →OCLC; republished as Shakspere’s Loves Labours Lost (Shakspere-Quarto Facsimiles; no. 5), London: W[illiam] Griggs, […], [1880], →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:
  To ſee great Hercules whipping a Gigge,
  And profound Sallomon to tune a Iigge.
- 1667, John Milton, “Book V”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC, lines 195-196:
  Fountains and yee, that warble, as ye flow,
  Melodious murmurs, warbling tune his praiſe.
(transitive, South Africa, slang) To be impudent towards; to cheek.
Are you tuning me?
(fandom slang) to adjust the parameters of singing voice synthesis software such as VOCALOID (in order to achieve certain singing techniques, increase the human quality of the voice, etc.)
- 2017 August 10, Keisuke Yamada, Supercell's Supercell featuring Hatsune Miku, Bloomsbury Publishing USA, →ISBN:
  […] Those who are highly skilled in manipulating the Vocaloid technology—e.g., tuning Miku's singing voices—arrange existing […]
- 2018 December 6, Nina Sun Eidsheim, The Race of Sound: Listening, Timbre, and Vocality in African American Music, Duke University Press, →ISBN:
  LOLA's voice is used simply to render basic notes and words with no pitch or expression tuning applied.
- 2020, Janice L. Waldron, Stephanie Horsley, Kari K. Veblen, The Oxford Handbook of Social Media and Music Learning, Oxford University Press, USA, →ISBN, page 522:
  This compiling of a track holds many parallels with “tuning” a Miku track, […]