coerceo

Latin

Alternative forms

• coherceō

Etymology

From con- +‎ arceō (“enclose; keep off”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /koˈer.ke.oː/, [koˈɛrkeoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /koˈer.t͡ʃe.o/, [koˈɛrt͡ʃeo]

Verb

coerceō (present infinitive coercēre, perfect active coercuī, supine coercitum); second conjugation

1. to enclose on all sides, hold together; surround, encompass
2. to restrain, keep back, confine, shut up or in, hold in confinement, repress

   Synonyms: inclūdō, moderor, supprimō, refrēnō, arceō, intersaepiō, claudō, interclūdō, comprimō, reprimō, premō, urgeō, sustentō, retineō

   Antonyms: līberō, eximō, vindicō, servō, exonerō, absolvō, excipiō, ēmittō

   • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.715:

     sōla gerat mīles, quibus arma coerceat, arma

     May the soldier bear arms only to restrain [the use of] arms.

3. (figuratively, of discourse) to keep within limits, control, limit

   Synonyms: līmitō, delīmitō, inclūdō, claudō, minuō, moderor, fīniō

4. (figuratively, of a passion) to curb, restrain, tame, correct, appease

   Synonyms: molliō, sopiō, lēniō, mītigō, commītigō, levō, sileō, sedō, domō, ēlevō, allevō, alleviō

Usage notes

• Also spelled coërceō, with a diaeresis.

Conjugation

Conjugation of coerceō (second conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	coerceō	coercēs	coercet	coercēmus	coercētis	coercent
	imperfect	coercēbam	coercēbās	coercēbat	coercēbāmus	coercēbātis	coercēbant
	future	coercēbō	coercēbis	coercēbit	coercēbimus	coercēbitis	coercēbunt
	perfect	coercuī	coercuistī	coercuit	coercuimus	coercuistis	coercuērunt, coercuēre
	pluperfect	coercueram	coercuerās	coercuerat	coercuerāmus	coercuerātis	coercuerant
	future perfect	coercuerō	coercueris	coercuerit	coercuerimus	coercueritis	coercuerint
passive	present	coerceor	coercēris, coercēre	coercētur	coercēmur	coercēminī	coercentur
	imperfect	coercēbar	coercēbāris, coercēbāre	coercēbātur	coercēbāmur	coercēbāminī	coercēbantur
	future	coercēbor	coercēberis, coercēbere	coercēbitur	coercēbimur	coercēbiminī	coercēbuntur
	perfect	coercitus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	coercitus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	coercitus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	coerceam	coerceās	coerceat	coerceāmus	coerceātis	coerceant
	imperfect	coercērem	coercērēs	coercēret	coercērēmus	coercērētis	coercērent
	perfect	coercuerim	coercuerīs	coercuerit	coercuerīmus	coercuerītis	coercuerint
	pluperfect	coercuissem	coercuissēs	coercuisset	coercuissēmus	coercuissētis	coercuissent
passive	present	coercear	coerceāris, coerceāre	coerceātur	coerceāmur	coerceāminī	coerceantur
	imperfect	coercērer	coercērēris, coercērēre	coercērētur	coercērēmur	coercērēminī	coercērentur
	perfect	coercitus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	coercitus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	coercē	—	—	coercēte	—
	future	—	coercētō	coercētō	—	coercētōte	coercentō
passive	present	—	coercēre	—	—	coercēminī	—
	future	—	coercētor	coercētor	—	—	coercentor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		coercēre	coercuisse	coercitūrum esse	coercērī	coercitum esse	coercitum īrī
participles		coercēns	—	coercitūrus	—	coercitus	coercendus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		coercendī	coercendō	coercendum	coercendō	coercitum	coercitū

Derived terms

• coercitiō
• coercitor
• coercitus

Related terms

• abarceō / aberceō
• arceō
• exerceō

Descendants

• English: coerce
• Spanish: coercer

References

• “coerceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “coerceo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• coerceo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to have self-control; to restrain oneself, master one's inclinations: sibi imperare or continere et coercere se ipsum
    
  • to have self-control; to restrain oneself, master one's inclinations: animum regere, coercere, cohibere
    
  • to overcome one's passions: coercere, cohibere, continere, domitas habere cupiditates
    
  • to keep good discipline amongst one's men: milites disciplina coercere
    
  • to keep good discipline amongst one's men: milites coercere et in officio continere (B. C. 1. 67. 4)