Wiktionary

donn

See also: Donn and dónn

Central Franconian edit

Alternative forms edit

  • don (northern Moselle Franconian, some Ripuarian dialects)
  • dun (southern Moselle Franconian)

Etymology edit

From Old High German *duon, northern variant of tuon, from Proto-Germanic *dōną.

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

donn (third-person singular present deet or deit, preterite dät, past participle jedon or jedonn)

  1. (many dialects of Ripuarian, including Kölsch) to do
  2. (same dialects) Used in the preterite with a following infinitive to form the paraphrastic preterite.
    Ich dät us der Finster luure. ― I looked out the window.
  3. (same dialects) Used in the subjunctive with a following infinitive to form the conditional tense.
    Ich dät jo noch jet blieve, ävver meng Frau well heem.
    I would stay some more, but my wife wants to go home.

Usage notes edit

  • The past participle has an open vowel /ɔ/, either long or short, but never /o/ as in the infinitive.
  • The paraphrastic preterite can be used with all verbs except auxiliaries and modals. It is preferred especially with regular verbs, though the regular preterite does remain functional in Ripuarian (unlike Moselle Franconian); thus alternatively: Ich luurten us der Finster. (“I looked out the window.”) As in colloquial Standard German the preterite as such is restricted semantically and syntactically, the past being predominantly expressed by the perfect tense.

Irish edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Irish donn, from Proto-Celtic *dusnos (“brown”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewh₂- (“smoke”).

Adjective edit

donn (genitive singular masculine doinn, genitive singular feminine doinne, plural donna, comparative doinne)

  1. brown
  2. brown-haired, brunette
  3. made of hard brown timber
  4. strong, solid
  5. used as intensifying term
Declension edit
Declension of donn
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative donn dhonn donna;
dhonna²
Vocative dhoinn donna
Genitive doinne donna donn
Dative donn;
dhonn¹ 		dhonn;
dhoinn (archaic) 		donna;
dhonna²
Comparative níos doinne
Superlative is doinne

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Obsolete spellings
Declension of donn
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative donn dhonn donna;
dhonna²
Vocative dhuinn donna
Genitive duinne donna donn
Dative donn;
dhonn¹ 		dhonn;
dhuinn (archaic) 		donna;
dhonna²
Comparative níos duinne
Superlative is duinne

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms edit

Noun edit

donn m or f (genitive singular doinn or doinne)

  1. brown (colour)
  2. brown animal (masculine or feminine declined differently)
  3. hard brown timber
Declension edit
Declension of donn

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative donn
Vocative a dhoinn
Genitive doinn
Dative donn

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular
Nominative an donn
Genitive an doinn
Dative leis an donn

don donn

Feminine (only used to refer to a female brown animal)
Declension of donn

Second declension

Bare forms (no plural form of this noun)

Case Singular
Nominative donn
Vocative a dhonn
Genitive doinne
Dative donn

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular
Nominative an donn
Genitive na doinne
Dative leis an donn

don donn

Verb edit

donn (present analytic donnann, future analytic donnfaidh, verbal noun donnadh, past participle donnta)

  1. (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of donnaigh (“brown; tan, rust”)
Conjugation edit
conjugation of donn (first conjugation – A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present donnim donnann tú;
donnir† 		donnann sé, sí donnimid donnann sibh donnann siad;
donnid† 		a dhonnann; a dhonnas /
a ndonnann*; a ndonnas* 		donntar
past dhonn mé; dhonnas dhonn tú; dhonnis dhonn sé, sí dhonnamar; dhonn muid dhonn sibh; dhonnabhair dhonn siad; dhonnadar a dhonn /
ar dhonn* 		donnadh
past habitual dhonninn / ndonninn‡‡ dhonntá / ndonntᇇ dhonnadh sé, sí / ndonnadh sé, s퇇 dhonnimis; dhonnadh muid / ndonnimis‡‡; ndonnadh muid‡‡ dhonnadh sibh / ndonnadh sibh‡‡ dhonnidís; dhonnadh siad / ndonnidís‡‡; ndonnadh siad‡‡ a dhonnadh /
a ndonnadh* 		dhonntí / ndonnt퇇
future donnfidh mé;
donnfad 		donnfidh tú;
donnfir† 		donnfidh sé, sí donnfimid;
donnfidh muid 		donnfidh sibh donnfidh siad;
donnfid† 		a dhonnfidh; a dhonnfas /
a ndonnfidh*; a ndonnfas* 		donnfar
conditional dhonnfinn / ndonnfinn‡‡ dhonnfá / ndonnfᇇ dhonnfadh sé, sí / ndonnfadh sé, s퇇 dhonnfimis; dhonnfadh muid / ndonnfimis‡‡; ndonnfadh muid‡‡ dhonnfadh sibh / ndonnfadh sibh‡‡ dhonnfidís; dhonnfadh siad / ndonnfidís‡‡; ndonnfadh siad‡‡ a dhonnfadh /
a ndonnfadh* 		dhonnfí / ndonnf퇇
subjunctive present go ndonn mé;
go ndonnad† 		go ndonn tú;
go ndonnir† 		go ndonn sé, sí go ndonnimid;
go ndonn muid 		go ndonn sibh go ndonn siad;
go ndonnid† 		— go ndonntar
past dá ndonninn dá ndonntá dá ndonnadh sé, sí dá ndonnimis;
dá ndonnadh muid 		dá ndonnadh sibh dá ndonnidís;
dá ndonnadh siad 		— dá ndonntí
imperative donnim donn donnadh sé, sí donnimis donnigí;
donnidh† 		donnidís — donntar
verbal noun donnadh
past participle donnta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Irish donn (“chief, lord, noble”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-no-.

Noun edit

donn m (genitive singular doinn, nominative plural doinn)

  2. (literary) noble, prince
Declension edit
Declension of donn

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative donn doinn
Vocative a dhoinn a dhonna
Genitive doinn donn
Dative donn doinn

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an donn na doinn
Genitive an doinn na ndonn
Dative leis an donn

don donn

leis na doinn

Derived terms edit
  • Donn m (proper noun)

Etymology 3 edit

Noun edit

donn f (genitive singular doinne, nominative plural donna)

  1. Alternative form of dronn (“hump; camber”)
Declension edit
Declension of donn

Second declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative donn donna
Vocative a dhonn a dhonna
Genitive doinne donn
Dative donn donna

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an donn na donna
Genitive na doinne na ndonn
Dative leis an donn

don donn

leis na donna

Mutation edit

Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
donn dhonn ndonn
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading edit

Maltese edit

Etymology edit

From Arabic. Probably the imperfect of ظَنَّ (ẓanna, “to think, opine, conjecture”) in a phrase like أَظُنُّهُم مُتَضايِقِين (ʔaẓunnuhum mutaḍāyiqīn, “I think them despondent”). Then reconstrued as an adverb (or false verb). Alternatively from the related noun ظَنّ (ẓann, “opinion, conjecture”), but this seems unlikely.

Pronunciation edit

Adverb edit

donn-

  1. seemingly, by appearance
    Kienu donnhom imdejqin.
    They seemed despondent.
    (literally, “They were (by) their appearance despondent.”)
    Donnok ma tifhimx.
    You don’t seem to understand.
    (literally, “(By) your appearance you don’t understand.”)

Usage notes edit

  • As above, the word takes pronominal suffixes according to the subject.

Old Irish edit

Alternative forms edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Celtic *dusnos (“brown”).

Adjective edit

donn

  1. brown, tawny, dun
  2. hazel (of eyes)
  3. chestnut (of animals)
Inflection edit
o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative donn donn donn
Vocative duinn*
donn**
Accusative donn duinn
Genitive duinn duinne duinn
Dative donn duinn donn
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative duinn donna
Vocative donnu
donna†
Accusative donnu
donna†
Genitive donn
Dative donnaib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Alternative declension:

o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative donn donn donn
Vocative doinn*
donn**
Accusative donn doinn
Genitive doinn doinne doinn
Dative donn doinn donn
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative doinn donna
Vocative donnu
donna†
Accusative donnu
donna†
Genitive donn
Dative donnaib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Descendants edit
  • Irish: donn
  • Manx: dhone
  • Scottish Gaelic: donn

Etymology 2 edit

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-no-.

Noun edit

donn m

  1. chief, lord, noble
    Synonyms: mál, toísech, túathach
  2. lordship, chieftainship
    Synonyms: flaith, tigernas
Declension edit
Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative donn donnL duinnL
Vocative duinn donnL donnuH
Accusative donnN donnL donnuH
Genitive duinnL donn donnN
Dative donnL donnaib donnaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Descendants edit

Adjective edit

donn

  1. princely, noble
Declension edit
o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative donn donn donn
Vocative duinn*
donn**
Accusative donn duinn
Genitive duinn duinne duinn
Dative donn duinn donn
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative duinn donna
Vocative donnu
donna†
Accusative donnu
donna†
Genitive donn
Dative donnaib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Alternative declension
o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative donn donn donn
Vocative doinn*
donn**
Accusative donn doinn
Genitive doinn doinne doinn
Dative donn doinn donn
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative doinn donna
Vocative donnu
donna†
Accusative donnu
donna†
Genitive donn
Dative donnaib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Etymology 3 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun edit

donn (gender unknown, genitive duinn)

  1. theft, stolen property
Inflection edit

Its gender is unknown, although Binchy in his edition of Críth Gablach provisionally treats it as neuter.

Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative donnN donnN donnL, donna
Vocative donnN donnN donnL, donna
Accusative donnN donnN donnL, donna
Genitive duinnL donn donnN
Dative donnL donnaib donnaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Mutation edit

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
donn donn
pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/ 		ndonn
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading edit

Plautdietsch edit

Adverb edit

donn

  1. then, at that time

Scottish Gaelic edit

Etymology edit

From Old Irish donn, from Proto-Celtic *dusnos (“brown”), from Proto-Indo-European *dusnos-, *donnos- (“dark”), from *dʰewh₂- (“smoke”).

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

donn (comparative duinne)

  1. brown
  2. brown-haired, brunette

Declension edit

Case Masculine singular Feminine singular Plural
Nominative donn dhonn donna
Vocative dhuinn dhonn donna
Genitive dhuinn dhuinn/duinne donna
Dative dhonn dhuinn donna

Derived terms edit

Mutation edit

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical Lenition
donn dhonn
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also edit

Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text)
     bàn, geal      glas      dubh
             dearg; ruadh              orainds; donn              buidhe; donn
             uaine              uaine              gorm
             liath; glas              liath              gorm
             purpaidh; guirmean              pinc; purpaidh              pinc

Further reading edit

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “donn”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 donn”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=donn&oldid=76900598"