dree
English edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /dɹiː/
Audio (Southern England) (file) - (General American) IPA(key): /dɹi/
- (Ireland) IPA(key): /ðreː/, /driː/
- (Scotland) IPA(key): /dri/
- Rhymes: -iː
Etymology 1 edit
Probably partly borrowed from Scots dree,[1] and partly derived from its etymon Middle English dreen, dreghen, dreogen, drien,[2] from Old English drēogan, from Proto-Germanic *dreuganą (“to act; to work, (specifically) to do military service”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to hold fast”).[3] Doublet of dreich, dright, and drighten.
Verb edit
dree (third-person singular simple present drees, present participle dreeing, simple past and past participle dreed) (chiefly Northern England, Scotland)
- (transitive) To bear or endure (something); to put up with, to suffer, to undergo.
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:tolerate
- 1826, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, The Literary Gazette, 16th September: The Frozen Ship:
- Peace to the souls of the graveless dead! / 'Twas an awful doom to dree; / But fearful and wondrous are thy works, / O God! in the boundless sea!
- 1885, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume VIII, [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC:
- And redoubled pine for its dwellers I dree.
- (intransitive) To endure; to brook; also, to be able to do or continue.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Probably partly:
- derived from the verb (see etymology 1);[4] and
- borrowed from Scots dree,[1] or derived from its etymon Middle English dri, drie, dregh, dreghe (“annoyance, trouble; grief; period of time”),[5] possibly from Middle English dregh, dri, drie (“burdensome; depressing, dismal; large, tall; lasting, long; long-suffering, patient; tedious; of blows: hard, heavy; of the face: unchanging, unmoved; of a person: strong, valorous”),[6] from Old English *drēog, *drēoȝ, dreoh (“earnest; fit; sober”), and then probably partly:[7]
- shortened from Old English gedrēog (“calm, quiet; sober; fit, suitable”, adjective), from ġe- (prefix forming adjectives of association or similarity) + Proto-Germanic *dreugaz (“enduring, lasting”) (from *dreuganą (“to serve, be a retainer”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ- (“to serve one’s tribe; loyal”)); and
- influenced by Old Norse drjúgr (“sufficient; excessive, very; great; strong”), from Proto-Germanic *dreugaz (see above).
Noun edit
dree (plural drees)
- (chiefly Northumbria, Scotland, archaic) Grief; suffering; trouble.
- 1958, T[erence] H[anbury] White, chapter VIII, in The Once and Future King, New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, book I (The Sword in the Stone):
- Life is blood, shed and offered. / The eagle’s eye can face this dree. / To beasts of chase the lie is proffered: / Timor Mortis Conturbat Me.
Etymology 3 edit
From dreich (adjective).
Adverb edit
dree (comparative more dree, superlative most dree)
- (Northeast Midlands, Northern England)
- Of the doing of a task: with concentration; laboriously.
- Chiefly of the falling of rain: without pause or stop; continuously, incessantly.
- (Lancashire, Scotland) Slowly, tediously.
Etymology 4 edit
See dreich.
Adjective edit
dree (comparative dreer, superlative dreest)
- Alternative form of dreich
- 1863, [Elizabeth] Gaskell, “The Engagement”, in Sylvia’s Lovers. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC, page 40:
- To be sure, t' winter's been a dree season, and thou'rt, maybe, in the right on't to make a late start.
- 1863, [Elizabeth] Gaskell, “Wedding Raiment”, in Sylvia’s Lovers. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC, page 278:
- But he's lying i' such dree poverty,—and niver a friend to go near him,—niver a person to speak a kind word t' him.
- a. 1931 (date written), D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, “A Hay Hut among the Mountains”, in Warren Roberts, Harry T. Moore, editors, Phoenix II: Uncollected, Unpublished, and Other Prose Works by D. H. Lawrence […], Viking Compass edition, New York, N.Y.: Viking Press, published 1970, →ISBN, part I (Stories and Sketches), page 43:
- So, after two hours' running downhill, we came out in the level valley at Glashütte. It was raining now, a thick dree rain.
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “dree, v.1, n.1”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.
- ^ “drīen, v.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ Compare “dree, v.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2023; “dree, v.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
- ^ “dree, n.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, July 2023.
- ^ “drī(e, n.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “drī(e, adj.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
- ^ “dreich, adj.”, in OED Online , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, September 2023; “dreich, adj.”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
Anagrams edit
Low German edit
< 2 | 3 | 4 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : dree Ordinal : drütt | ||
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Low German drê, drî, drie, from Old Saxon thrie.
Numeral edit
dree
Coordinate terms edit
Related terms edit
Luxembourgish edit
Verb edit
dree
Plautdietsch edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Low German drê, drî, drie, from Old Saxon thrie.
Numeral edit
dree
Scots edit
Etymology edit
From Old English drēogan, from Proto-West Germanic *dreugan, from Proto-Germanic *dreuganą.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
dree (third-person singular simple present drees, present participle dreein, simple past dreed, past participle dreed)
Derived terms edit
Yola edit
Numeral edit
dree
- Alternative form of dhree
- 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
- Dree deemes.
- Three times.
References edit
- Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 33